{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3013437827","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13673-019-0205-6","title":"Developing an online hate classifier for multiple social media platforms","display_name":"Developing an online hate classifier for multiple social media platforms","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3013437827","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13673-019-0205-6","mag":"3013437827"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13673-019-0205-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13673-019-0205-6","pdf_url":"https://hcis-journal.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13673-019-0205-6","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2497168432","display_name":"Human-centric Computing and Information Sciences","issn_l":"2192-1962","issn":["2192-1962"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Human-centric Computing and Information Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","datacite","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://hcis-journal.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13673-019-0205-6","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083126896","display_name":"Joni Salminen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3230-0561"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155660961","display_name":"University of Turku","ror":"https://ror.org/05vghhr25","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155660961"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144839","display_name":"Hamad bin Khalifa University","ror":"https://ror.org/03eyq4y97","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144839"]}],"countries":["FI","QA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Joni Salminen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qatar Computing Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar","University of Turku, Turku, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3230-0561","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qatar Computing Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144839"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Turku, Turku, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155660961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089514652","display_name":"Maximilian Hopf","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5537-4064"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maximilian Hopf","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pylink Ltd, London, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pylink Ltd, London, UK","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022279488","display_name":"Shammur Absar Chowdhury","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1331-2543"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144839","display_name":"Hamad bin Khalifa University","ror":"https://ror.org/03eyq4y97","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144839"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shammur A. Chowdhury","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qatar Computing Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qatar Computing Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144839"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014283670","display_name":"Soon-Gyo Jung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6130-8012"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144839","display_name":"Hamad bin Khalifa University","ror":"https://ror.org/03eyq4y97","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144839"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Soon-gyo Jung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qatar Computing Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qatar Computing Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144839"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077958415","display_name":"Hind Almerekhi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3183-2374"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144839","display_name":"Hamad bin Khalifa University","ror":"https://ror.org/03eyq4y97","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144839"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hind Almerekhi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144839"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044849571","display_name":"Bernard J. Jansen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6468-6609"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144839","display_name":"Hamad bin Khalifa University","ror":"https://ror.org/03eyq4y97","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144839"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bernard J. Jansen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qatar Computing Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qatar Computing Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144839"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5083126896"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155660961","https://openalex.org/I4210144839"],"apc_list":{"value":1870,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1870},"apc_paid":{"value":816,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":880},"fwci":26.8087,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":289,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9969359,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12262","display_name":"Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12262","display_name":"Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":0.9728000164031982,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10557","display_name":"Social Media and Politics","score":0.9623000025749207,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7586995363235474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-media","display_name":"Social media","score":0.6840585470199585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalizability-theory","display_name":"Generalizability theory","score":0.6276904940605164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.6219537854194641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.6170347332954407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.6066251993179321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6036457419395447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/naive-bayes-classifier","display_name":"Naive Bayes classifier","score":0.5989182591438293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word2vec","display_name":"Word2vec","score":0.5200369358062744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.3740408420562744}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7586995363235474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518677369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202833","display_name":"Social media","level":2,"score":0.6840585470199585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27158222","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532422","display_name":"Generalizability theory","level":2,"score":0.6276904940605164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.6219537854194641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.6170347332954407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.6066251993179321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6036457419395447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52001869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812530","display_name":"Naive Bayes classifier","level":3,"score":0.5989182591438293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776461190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22673982","display_name":"Word2vec","level":3,"score":0.5200369358062744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.3740408420562744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13673-019-0205-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13673-019-0205-6","pdf_url":"https://hcis-journal.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13673-019-0205-6","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2497168432","display_name":"Human-centric Computing and Information Sciences","issn_l":"2192-1962","issn":["2192-1962"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Human-centric Computing and Information Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:24ed687b5cb8430da12abce06006eedb","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/24ed687b5cb8430da12abce06006eedb","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Human-Centric Computing and Information Sciences, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-34 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/21598500","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Developing_an_online_hate_classifier_for_multiple_social_media_platforms/21598500","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402621","display_name":"INDIGO (University of Illinois at Chicago)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I39422238","host_organization_name":"University of Illinois Chicago","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.utupub.fi:10024/159013","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.utupub.fi/handle/10024/159013","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402470","display_name":"UTUPub (University of Turku)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I155660961","host_organization_name":"University of Turku","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155660961"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":""},{"id":"doi:10.57945/manara.21598500.v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.57945/manara.21598500.v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407052475","display_name":"Qatar National Library","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13673-019-0205-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13673-019-0205-6","pdf_url":"https://hcis-journal.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13673-019-0205-6","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2497168432","display_name":"Human-centric Computing and Information Sciences","issn_l":"2192-1962","issn":["2192-1962"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Human-centric Computing and Information Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.5600000023841858}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334468","display_name":"Qatar National Library","ror":"https://ror.org/02jv93662"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3013437827.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3013437827.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":117,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W53159376","https://openalex.org/W80056832","https://openalex.org/W1071251684","https://openalex.org/W1492737170","https://openalex.org/W1851545718","https://openalex.org/W1993240888","https://openalex.org/W1997326096","https://openalex.org/W2007072922","https://openalex.org/W2024011160","https://openalex.org/W2037362002","https://openalex.org/W2047449974","https://openalex.org/W2102099143","https://openalex.org/W2102513659","https://openalex.org/W2131631242","https://openalex.org/W2140910804","https://openalex.org/W2145162117","https://openalex.org/W2146267030","https://openalex.org/W2153579005","https://openalex.org/W2154359981","https://openalex.org/W2160685721","https://openalex.org/W2183902768","https://openalex.org/W2192575452","https://openalex.org/W2202646492","https://openalex.org/W2209227144","https://openalex.org/W2216854803","https://openalex.org/W2267524637","https://openalex.org/W2295598076","https://openalex.org/W2300445845","https://openalex.org/W2303217074","https://openalex.org/W2311430799","https://openalex.org/W2340954483","https://openalex.org/W2408688693","https://openalex.org/W2471639678","https://openalex.org/W2473555522","https://openalex.org/W2499439394","https://openalex.org/W2540646130","https://openalex.org/W2563826943","https://openalex.org/W2565300462","https://openalex.org/W2592393350","https://openalex.org/W2594902547","https://openalex.org/W2595653137","https://openalex.org/W2607388700","https://openalex.org/W2610483642","https://openalex.org/W2612949191","https://openalex.org/W2613977835","https://openalex.org/W2622302858","https://openalex.org/W2729412353","https://openalex.org/W2735070770","https://openalex.org/W2741229899","https://openalex.org/W2744575762","https://openalex.org/W2757202410","https://openalex.org/W2760103715","https://openalex.org/W2788708648","https://openalex.org/W2792441346","https://openalex.org/W2796881724","https://openalex.org/W2797630160","https://openalex.org/W2806872289","https://openalex.org/W2810732061","https://openalex.org/W2811056307","https://openalex.org/W2887782043","https://openalex.org/W2889016530","https://openalex.org/W2892479234","https://openalex.org/W2898518202","https://openalex.org/W2901407981","https://openalex.org/W2902799923","https://openalex.org/W2921834779","https://openalex.org/W2922580172","https://openalex.org/W2944944282","https://openalex.org/W2949547296","https://openalex.org/W2949678053","https://openalex.org/W2950813464","https://openalex.org/W2953484861","https://openalex.org/W2953553271","https://openalex.org/W2953733770","https://openalex.org/W2954034987","https://openalex.org/W2954261569","https://openalex.org/W2954264738","https://openalex.org/W2954858824","https://openalex.org/W2955236393","https://openalex.org/W2955549617","https://openalex.org/W2955604406","https://openalex.org/W2955694336","https://openalex.org/W2956090150","https://openalex.org/W2962854691","https://openalex.org/W2963015912","https://openalex.org/W2963039068","https://openalex.org/W2963297649","https://openalex.org/W2963341956","https://openalex.org/W2963362380","https://openalex.org/W2963446316","https://openalex.org/W2963481894","https://openalex.org/W2963519230","https://openalex.org/W2963532322","https://openalex.org/W2963535540","https://openalex.org/W2963624952","https://openalex.org/W2963793818","https://openalex.org/W2963908320","https://openalex.org/W2963943967","https://openalex.org/W2969662548","https://openalex.org/W2971050273","https://openalex.org/W2972735048","https://openalex.org/W2974628855","https://openalex.org/W2980536865","https://openalex.org/W2980818610","https://openalex.org/W2981096541","https://openalex.org/W2989223447","https://openalex.org/W3000726679","https://openalex.org/W3100346973","https://openalex.org/W3102476541","https://openalex.org/W3103061166","https://openalex.org/W4234433632","https://openalex.org/W4241431859","https://openalex.org/W4242076805","https://openalex.org/W4298210043","https://openalex.org/W6608482188","https://openalex.org/W6688201194","https://openalex.org/W6697883168"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2118717649","https://openalex.org/W410723623","https://openalex.org/W2413243053","https://openalex.org/W2015341305","https://openalex.org/W4225593417","https://openalex.org/W2035068594","https://openalex.org/W2059783833","https://openalex.org/W2573498121","https://openalex.org/W4320058722","https://openalex.org/W4200051975"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1],"proliferation":[2],"of":[3,25,51,69,82,161],"social":[4],"media":[5],"enables":[6],"people":[7],"to":[8,175],"express":[9],"their":[10,121,176],"opinions":[11],"widely":[12],"online.":[13],"However,":[14],"at":[15],"the":[16,23,83,89,125,129,138,151,155,159,162,166],"same":[17],"time,":[18],"this":[19,62],"has":[20],"resulted":[21],"in":[22,188],"emergence":[24],"conflict":[26],"and":[27,78,88,110,113,120,171],"hate,":[28],"making":[29],"online":[30,54,199],"environments":[31],"uninviting":[32],"for":[33,53,154,186,195],"users.":[34],"Although":[35],"researchers":[36],"have":[37],"found":[38],"that":[39,147],"hate":[40,55,200],"is":[41,48],"a":[42,49,67],"problem":[43],"across":[44],"multiple":[45],"platforms,":[46],"there":[47],"lack":[50],"models":[52,126],"detection":[56],"using":[57,134],"multi-platform":[58],"data.":[59],"To":[60],"address":[61],"research":[63],"gap,":[64],"we":[65],"collect":[66],"total":[68],"197,566":[70],"comments":[71,84],"from":[72,169],"four":[73],"platforms:":[74],"YouTube,":[75],"Reddit,":[76],"Wikipedia,":[77],"Twitter,":[79],"with":[80,98],"80%":[81],"labeled":[85,92],"as":[86,93,165,192,194],"non-hateful":[87],"remaining":[90],"20%":[91],"hateful.":[94],"We":[95,180],"then":[96],"experiment":[97],"several":[99],"classification":[100],"algorithms":[101],"(Logistic":[102],"Regression,":[103],"Na\u00efve":[104],"Bayes,":[105],"Support":[106],"Vector":[107],"Machines,":[108],"XGBoost,":[109],"Neural":[111],"Networks)":[112],"feature":[114],"representations":[115],"(Bag-of-Words,":[116],"TF-IDF,":[117],"Word2Vec,":[118],"BERT,":[119],"combination).":[122],"While":[123],"all":[124,135],"significantly":[127],"outperform":[128],"keyword-based":[130],"baseline":[131],"classifier,":[132],"XGBoost":[133],"features":[136,149],"performs":[137],"best":[139,163],"(F1":[140],"=":[141],"0.92).":[142],"Feature":[143],"importance":[144],"analysis":[145],"indicates":[146],"BERT":[148],"are":[150,173],"most":[152],"impactful":[153],"predictions.":[156],"Findings":[157],"support":[158],"generalizability":[160],"model,":[164],"platform-specific":[167],"results":[168],"Twitter":[170],"Wikipedia":[172],"comparable":[174],"respective":[177],"source":[178],"papers.":[179],"make":[181],"our":[182],"code":[183],"publicly":[184],"available":[185],"application":[187],"real":[189],"software":[190],"systems":[191],"well":[193],"further":[196],"development":[197],"by":[198],"researchers.":[201]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":34},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":45},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":62},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":61},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":54},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":23}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
