{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2604710550","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13640-017-0176-3","title":"Refining deep convolutional features for improving fine-grained image recognition","display_name":"Refining deep convolutional features for improving fine-grained image recognition","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-04-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2604710550","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13640-017-0176-3","mag":"2604710550"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13640-017-0176-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13640-017-0176-3","pdf_url":"https://jivp-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s13640-017-0176-3","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S153767265","display_name":"EURASIP Journal on Image and Video Processing","issn_l":"1687-5176","issn":["1687-5176","1687-5281"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"EURASIP Journal on Image and Video Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://jivp-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s13640-017-0176-3","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101883961","display_name":"Weixia Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3634-2630"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Weixia Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101705676","display_name":"Jia Yan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5402-4698"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jia Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050371622","display_name":"Wenxuan Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9193-3185"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenxuan Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100559395","display_name":"Tianpeng Feng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tianpeng Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109303609","display_name":"Dexiang Deng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dexiang Deng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101883961"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"],"apc_list":{"value":1140,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1398},"apc_paid":{"value":1140,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1398},"fwci":0.6469,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77944277,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"2017","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11605","display_name":"Visual Attention and Saliency Detection","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biometrics","display_name":"Biometrics","score":0.7172659039497375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6915789246559143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.675848126411438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.606883704662323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5566747188568115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/refining","display_name":"Refining (metallurgy)","score":0.5531045794487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.4518180191516876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3909358084201813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.07221570611000061}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184297639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177765","display_name":"Biometrics","level":2,"score":0.7172659039497375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6915789246559143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.675848126411438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.606883704662323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5566747188568115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60044698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1283324","display_name":"Refining (metallurgy)","level":2,"score":0.5531045794487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.4518180191516876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3909358084201813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.07221570611000061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13640-017-0176-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13640-017-0176-3","pdf_url":"https://jivp-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s13640-017-0176-3","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S153767265","display_name":"EURASIP Journal on Image and Video Processing","issn_l":"1687-5176","issn":["1687-5176","1687-5281"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"EURASIP Journal on Image and Video Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c08142dacb6b4dc7912d3736a59f1a1b","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c08142dacb6b4dc7912d3736a59f1a1b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"EURASIP Journal on Image and Video Processing, Vol 2017, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2017)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13640-017-0176-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13640-017-0176-3","pdf_url":"https://jivp-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s13640-017-0176-3","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S153767265","display_name":"EURASIP Journal on Image and Video Processing","issn_l":"1687-5176","issn":["1687-5176","1687-5281"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"EURASIP Journal on Image and Video Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.7200000286102295,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2604710550.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2604710550.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W603908379","https://openalex.org/W819977924","https://openalex.org/W1496650988","https://openalex.org/W1606858007","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1772076007","https://openalex.org/W1846799578","https://openalex.org/W1898560071","https://openalex.org/W1955942245","https://openalex.org/W1960777822","https://openalex.org/W1963882359","https://openalex.org/W1967632700","https://openalex.org/W1969700546","https://openalex.org/W1984514441","https://openalex.org/W1994002998","https://openalex.org/W2039051707","https://openalex.org/W2062118960","https://openalex.org/W2066941820","https://openalex.org/W2103924867","https://openalex.org/W2104657103","https://openalex.org/W2124386111","https://openalex.org/W2135706578","https://openalex.org/W2138011018","https://openalex.org/W2146897752","https://openalex.org/W2147238549","https://openalex.org/W2161969291","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2202499615","https://openalex.org/W2334867137","https://openalex.org/W2341977053","https://openalex.org/W2403585668","https://openalex.org/W2479109623","https://openalex.org/W2560835477","https://openalex.org/W2618530766","https://openalex.org/W2963066927","https://openalex.org/W3104979525","https://openalex.org/W3177525997","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6600075554","https://openalex.org/W6600430606","https://openalex.org/W6601258443","https://openalex.org/W6604626683","https://openalex.org/W6618372016","https://openalex.org/W6628578678"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3133861977","https://openalex.org/W2731899572","https://openalex.org/W4200173597","https://openalex.org/W3116150086","https://openalex.org/W2999805992","https://openalex.org/W3156786002","https://openalex.org/W2738221750","https://openalex.org/W2732542196","https://openalex.org/W564581980","https://openalex.org/W3186111093"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Fine-grained":[0],"image":[1,53,59,117,139],"recognition,":[2],"a":[3,57,76,80,85],"computer":[4],"vision":[5],"task":[6],"filled":[7],"with":[8,71],"challenges":[9],"due":[10],"to":[11,31,87,94,110,113],"its":[12],"imperceptible":[13],"inter-class":[14],"variance":[15],"and":[16,42,84,106,123],"large":[17],"intra-class":[18],"variance,":[19],"has":[20],"been":[21],"drawing":[22],"increasing":[23],"attention.":[24],"While":[25],"manual":[26],"annotation":[27],"can":[28],"be":[29],"utilized":[30],"effectively":[32],"enhance":[33],"performance":[34,51,130],"in":[35,52,131],"this":[36],"task,":[37],"it":[38],"is":[39],"extremely":[40],"time-consuming":[41],"expensive.":[43],"Recently,":[44],"Convolutional":[45],"Neural":[46],"Networks":[47],"(CNN)":[48],"achieved":[49,127],"state-of-the-art":[50,129],"classification.":[54],"We":[55],"propose":[56],"fine-grained":[58,138],"recognition":[60,97,140],"framework":[61,112],"by":[62],"exploiting":[63],"CNN":[64],"as":[65],"the":[66,115,121,128],"raw":[67],"feature":[68,77,81],"extractor":[69],"along":[70],"several":[72,137],"effective":[73],"methods":[74,105],"including":[75],"encoding":[78],"method,":[79,83],"weighting":[82],"strategy":[86],"better":[88],"incorporate":[89],"information":[90],"from":[91],"multi-scale":[92],"images":[93],"further":[95],"improve":[96],"ability.":[98],"Besides,":[99],"we":[100,126],"investigate":[101],"two":[102],"dimension":[103],"reduction":[104],"successfully":[107],"merge":[108],"them":[109],"our":[111],"compact":[114,124],"final":[116],"representation.":[118],"Based":[119],"on":[120,136,143],"discriminative":[122],"framework,":[125],"terms":[132],"of":[133],"classification":[134],"accuracy":[135],"benchmarks":[141],"based":[142],"weekly":[144],"supervision.":[145]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}