{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401345129","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13638-024-02372-6","title":"Floating meta-bubbles: aerial gateway and routing on the sky","display_name":"Floating meta-bubbles: aerial gateway and routing on the sky","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-08-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401345129","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13638-024-02372-6"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13638-024-02372-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13638-024-02372-6","pdf_url":"https://jwcn-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13638-024-02372-6","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S82675988","display_name":"EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking","issn_l":"1687-1472","issn":["1687-1472","1687-1499"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://jwcn-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13638-024-02372-6","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052728334","display_name":"Mostafa Salah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6827-4655"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97455420","display_name":"Sohag University","ror":"https://ror.org/02wgx3e98","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97455420"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mostafa Salah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Sohag University, Sohag, 82524, Egypt"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Sohag University, Sohag, 82524, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97455420"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5052728334"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97455420"],"apc_list":{"value":1140,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1398},"apc_paid":{"value":1140,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1398},"fwci":0.4328,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.61891138,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"2024","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9922999739646912,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7996184229850769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexibility","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","score":0.4963579773902893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/planar","display_name":"Planar","score":0.49301669001579285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.47950106859207153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.4477236866950989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orientation","display_name":"Orientation (vector space)","score":0.44506075978279114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.44458597898483276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/default-gateway","display_name":"Default gateway","score":0.4328765273094177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.4198465645313263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.4187568128108978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.37891125679016113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.35630470514297485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.35052797198295593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.2370886504650116}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7996184229850769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.4963579773902893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134786449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3391255","display_name":"Planar","level":2,"score":0.49301669001579285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.47950106859207153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.4477236866950989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16345878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q107472979","display_name":"Orientation (vector space)","level":2,"score":0.44506075978279114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.44458597898483276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187713609","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2465461","display_name":"Default gateway","level":2,"score":0.4328765273094177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.4198465645313263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.4187568128108978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.37891125679016113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.35630470514297485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.35052797198295593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.2370886504650116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13638-024-02372-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13638-024-02372-6","pdf_url":"https://jwcn-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13638-024-02372-6","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S82675988","display_name":"EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking","issn_l":"1687-1472","issn":["1687-1472","1687-1499"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d51ea0c44c764d9c9c04ef47b73d7c4b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d51ea0c44c764d9c9c04ef47b73d7c4b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking, Vol 2024, Iss 1, Pp 1-17 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13638-024-02372-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13638-024-02372-6","pdf_url":"https://jwcn-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13638-024-02372-6","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S82675988","display_name":"EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking","issn_l":"1687-1472","issn":["1687-1472","1687-1499"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.6600000262260437}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4401345129.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":90,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1982686915","https://openalex.org/W2169276724","https://openalex.org/W2750160306","https://openalex.org/W2752885492","https://openalex.org/W2769583887","https://openalex.org/W2805166665","https://openalex.org/W2913203385","https://openalex.org/W2921144174","https://openalex.org/W2946687050","https://openalex.org/W2963121727","https://openalex.org/W2963281988","https://openalex.org/W2964066573","https://openalex.org/W2970297297","https://openalex.org/W2979849198","https://openalex.org/W2981096252","https://openalex.org/W2990747873","https://openalex.org/W3002159761","https://openalex.org/W3006152306","https://openalex.org/W3011830499","https://openalex.org/W3014656313","https://openalex.org/W3015466460","https://openalex.org/W3015956975","https://openalex.org/W3024739087","https://openalex.org/W3027118737","https://openalex.org/W3033831622","https://openalex.org/W3036562336","https://openalex.org/W3036886449","https://openalex.org/W3038939462","https://openalex.org/W3043220753","https://openalex.org/W3043953517","https://openalex.org/W3044004320","https://openalex.org/W3059813204","https://openalex.org/W3080475059","https://openalex.org/W3080855065","https://openalex.org/W3087989294","https://openalex.org/W3088532626","https://openalex.org/W3088703345","https://openalex.org/W3093874970","https://openalex.org/W3096023787","https://openalex.org/W3098423913","https://openalex.org/W3098752517","https://openalex.org/W3099989708","https://openalex.org/W3100536113","https://openalex.org/W3110421361","https://openalex.org/W3122864568","https://openalex.org/W3126686235","https://openalex.org/W3127940641","https://openalex.org/W3133340445","https://openalex.org/W3135207954","https://openalex.org/W3136444669","https://openalex.org/W3157750291","https://openalex.org/W3162509564","https://openalex.org/W3162720533","https://openalex.org/W3165173280","https://openalex.org/W3177394629","https://openalex.org/W3178621475","https://openalex.org/W3185482389","https://openalex.org/W3194842319","https://openalex.org/W3197026645","https://openalex.org/W3203675995","https://openalex.org/W3205928438","https://openalex.org/W3206630627","https://openalex.org/W3216169167","https://openalex.org/W3216379160","https://openalex.org/W4206616007","https://openalex.org/W4210594127","https://openalex.org/W4228999126","https://openalex.org/W4285109210","https://openalex.org/W4285132575","https://openalex.org/W4285180056","https://openalex.org/W4285199939","https://openalex.org/W4285298660","https://openalex.org/W4292264493","https://openalex.org/W4293143556","https://openalex.org/W4293770687","https://openalex.org/W4310191508","https://openalex.org/W4315629877","https://openalex.org/W4323361435","https://openalex.org/W4382468010","https://openalex.org/W4385151968","https://openalex.org/W4385338447","https://openalex.org/W4385444791","https://openalex.org/W4385731872","https://openalex.org/W4385809363","https://openalex.org/W4386160119","https://openalex.org/W4386362932","https://openalex.org/W4388624562","https://openalex.org/W4389543465","https://openalex.org/W4391467942","https://openalex.org/W6822042879"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2770234245","https://openalex.org/W96612179","https://openalex.org/W4229499248","https://openalex.org/W2566006169","https://openalex.org/W1567818861","https://openalex.org/W2987774938","https://openalex.org/W4256492088","https://openalex.org/W632915154","https://openalex.org/W2055733372","https://openalex.org/W3022067003"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Reflecting":[1],"intelligent":[2],"surface":[3],"technology":[4],"(RIS)":[5],"is":[6],"regarded":[7],"as":[8,56,116,163,166],"a":[9,31,57,62],"key":[10],"enabler":[11],"of":[12,48,73,96,137,153,194],"the":[13,20,49,54,106,117,125,150,181,192],"sixth-generation":[14],"(6G)":[15],"communication":[16],"system.":[17],"It":[18,131],"provides":[19],"ability":[21],"to":[22,99,149,180,184],"reshape":[23],"radio":[24],"channels":[25],"through":[26],"passively":[27],"reflecting":[28],"beams":[29],"in":[30,41,79,86,105,135,196],"reconstructive":[32],"manner.":[33],"Furthermore,":[34],"aerial":[35,65,121],"RIS":[36,59,83,114,134,138],"(ARIS)":[37],"introduces":[38],"more":[39],"flexibility":[40],"providing":[42],"line-of-sight":[43],"(LOS)":[44],"links.":[45],"Unfortunately,":[46],"most":[47],"related":[50],"research":[51],"efforts":[52],"supposed":[53],"system":[55],"planar":[58,74,82,133],"mounted":[60],"on":[61],"satellite,":[63],"unmanned":[64],"vehicle":[66],"(UAV),":[67],"or":[68,102],"balloon":[69],"despite":[70],"reported":[71],"limitations":[72],"RISs.":[75],"The":[76],"essential":[77],"problem":[78],"designing":[80],"any":[81],"network":[84,176],"resides":[85],"mutual":[87],"orientation":[88],"and":[89,144,171,174,188],"alignment":[90],"difficulty,":[91],"especially":[92],"under":[93],"random":[94],"fluctuation":[95],"position/orientation":[97],"due":[98,148],"wind":[100],"conditions":[101],"UAV":[103],"wobbling":[104],"hover":[107],"state.":[108],"So,":[109],"this":[110],"paper":[111],"highlights":[112],"spherical":[113],"(bubble)":[115],"optimal":[118],"choice":[119],"for":[120],"beam":[122],"routing":[123],"where":[124],"orientation/rotation":[126],"can":[127],"be":[128],"completely":[129],"relaxed.":[130],"outperforms":[132],"terms":[136],"networking":[139],"flexibility,":[140],"dead":[141],"zone":[142],"relaxation,":[143],"coverage":[145],"extension.":[146],"Consequently,":[147],"added":[151],"degrees":[152],"freedom,":[154],"many":[155],"new":[156],"deployment":[157],"scenarios/use":[158],"cases":[159],"are":[160],"recommended":[161],"such":[162],"introducing":[164],"meta-bubbles":[165,195],"intermediate":[167],"gateways":[168],"between":[169],"satellite":[170],"ground":[172],"nodes":[173],"extending":[175],"infrastructure":[177],"installation":[178],"down":[179],"client":[182],"level":[183],"enhance":[185],"its":[186],"visibility":[187],"throughput.":[189],"Simulations":[190],"demonstrate":[191],"superiority":[193],"minimizing":[197],"channel":[198],"loss":[199],"over":[200],"successive":[201],"multi-hop":[202],"routing.":[203]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-15T09:29:46.208133","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}