{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4376890758","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13638-023-02247-2","title":"Radio map construction based on BERT for fingerprint-based indoor positioning system","display_name":"Radio map construction based on BERT for fingerprint-based indoor positioning system","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-05-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4376890758","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13638-023-02247-2"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13638-023-02247-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13638-023-02247-2","pdf_url":"https://jwcn-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13638-023-02247-2","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S82675988","display_name":"EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking","issn_l":"1687-1472","issn":["1687-1472","1687-1499"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://jwcn-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13638-023-02247-2","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100697514","display_name":"Zhuang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2501-0654"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119203015","display_name":"Shandong University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02mr3ar13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119203015"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhuang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China","Shandong Big Data Development and Innovation Laboratory, Zibo, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119203015"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shandong Big Data Development and Innovation Laboratory, Zibo, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043910804","display_name":"Qun Kong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2472-1086"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119203015","display_name":"Shandong University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02mr3ar13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119203015"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qun Kong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China","Shandong Big Data Development and Innovation Laboratory, Zibo, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119203015"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shandong Big Data Development and Innovation Laboratory, Zibo, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091095337","display_name":"Bingcai Wei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4152-4559"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119203015","display_name":"Shandong University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02mr3ar13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119203015"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bingcai Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China","Shandong Big Data Development and Innovation Laboratory, Zibo, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119203015"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shandong Big Data Development and Innovation Laboratory, Zibo, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101768114","display_name":"Liye Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4300-1789"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119203015","display_name":"Shandong University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02mr3ar13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119203015"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Liye Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China","Shandong Big Data Development and Innovation Laboratory, Zibo, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4300-1789","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119203015"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shandong Big Data Development and Innovation Laboratory, Zibo, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084457828","display_name":"Aikui Tian","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119203015","display_name":"Shandong University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02mr3ar13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119203015"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aikui Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China","Shandong Big Data Development and Innovation Laboratory, Zibo, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119203015"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shandong Big Data Development and Innovation Laboratory, Zibo, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101768114"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119203015"],"apc_list":{"value":1665,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1665},"apc_paid":{"value":1665,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1665},"fwci":0.9208,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70517746,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"2023","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8449622392654419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rss","display_name":"RSS","score":0.7515162229537964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fingerprint","display_name":"Fingerprint (computing)","score":0.6445388793945312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wi-fi","display_name":"Wi-Fi","score":0.5632840991020203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoder","display_name":"Encoder","score":0.4498459994792938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-strength","display_name":"Signal strength","score":0.44648978114128113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.41177597641944885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.35729920864105225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.3131144940853119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.2701098322868347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1764180064201355}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8449622392654419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2385561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45432","display_name":"RSS","level":2,"score":0.7515162229537964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777826928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3745713","display_name":"Fingerprint (computing)","level":2,"score":0.6445388793945312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C508800617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29643","display_name":"Wi-Fi","level":4,"score":0.5632840991020203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118505674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42586063","display_name":"Encoder","level":2,"score":0.4498459994792938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176808163","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17105794","display_name":"Signal strength","level":3,"score":0.44648978114128113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.41177597641944885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.35729920864105225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.3131144940853119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.2701098322868347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1764180064201355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13638-023-02247-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13638-023-02247-2","pdf_url":"https://jwcn-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13638-023-02247-2","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S82675988","display_name":"EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking","issn_l":"1687-1472","issn":["1687-1472","1687-1499"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:1d8af523a7234f7cbbedc98f41a476bb","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/1d8af523a7234f7cbbedc98f41a476bb","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking, Vol 2023, Iss 1, Pp 1-18 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13638-023-02247-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13638-023-02247-2","pdf_url":"https://jwcn-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13638-023-02247-2","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S82675988","display_name":"EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking","issn_l":"1687-1472","issn":["1687-1472","1687-1499"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3088427785","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62001272","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7292913769","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61902222","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8188522162","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ZR2019BF022","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324174","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G954711628","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61902222","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324174","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311026","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321940","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324174","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329790","display_name":"Shandong University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02mr3ar13"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4376890758.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1968684306","https://openalex.org/W1988951879","https://openalex.org/W2103236029","https://openalex.org/W2113971713","https://openalex.org/W2131648681","https://openalex.org/W2594869629","https://openalex.org/W2803422741","https://openalex.org/W2886265523","https://openalex.org/W2898143822","https://openalex.org/W2914074287","https://openalex.org/W2918050465","https://openalex.org/W2951643226","https://openalex.org/W3024058540","https://openalex.org/W3155851712","https://openalex.org/W3208027747","https://openalex.org/W4205708879","https://openalex.org/W4206056942","https://openalex.org/W4206252893","https://openalex.org/W4210984293","https://openalex.org/W4214869693","https://openalex.org/W6702248584"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2162859609","https://openalex.org/W4200318234","https://openalex.org/W2022445516","https://openalex.org/W150547863","https://openalex.org/W1891938465","https://openalex.org/W1550605711","https://openalex.org/W2982532306","https://openalex.org/W1639914594","https://openalex.org/W4237766728","https://openalex.org/W2089197460"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Due":[1],"to":[2,46,63],"the":[3,9,16,25,53,65,82,86,93,99,103,115,133,138,145,149,156,169,181,190,196,210,214,218],"heavy":[4],"workload":[5],"of":[6,11,18,27,88,105,117,173,220],"RSS":[7],"collection,":[8],"instability":[10],"WLAN":[12,50,124],"signal":[13,67,95],"strength":[14],"and":[15,42,71,92,142,204,217],"disappearance":[17],"signals":[19,125,147,212],"caused":[20],"by":[21,98],"complex":[22],"indoor":[23,37,49],"environments,":[24],"construction":[26],"radio":[28,69,74,77,150],"map":[29,70,78,151],"for":[30,123],"wireless":[31],"local":[32],"area":[33],"network":[34],"(WLAN)":[35],"fingerprint-based":[36],"positioning":[38,51],"system":[39],"is":[40,61,79,96,120,159,178,193],"time-consuming":[41],"laborious.":[43],"In":[44,154],"order":[45],"rapidly":[47],"deploy":[48],"system,":[52],"bidirectional":[54],"encoder":[55],"representation":[56],"from":[57],"transformers":[58],"(BERT)":[59],"model":[60,84,110,119,134,141,192],"used":[62],"fill":[64,143],"missing":[66,94,146,211],"in":[68,85,108,144,148,152,208,213],"quickly":[72],"build":[73],"map.":[75],"The":[76,185],"imported":[80],"into":[81],"BERT":[83,100,109,118,140,191],"form":[87],"natural":[89],"language":[90],"text,":[91],"filled":[97],"model.":[101],"Since":[102],"number":[104],"input":[106],"data":[107,128],"cannot":[111],"exceed":[112],"512":[113],"words,":[114],"structure":[116,135],"not":[121],"suitable":[122],"with":[126],"large":[127],"volume.":[129],"Therefore,":[130],"we":[131],"redefine":[132],"based":[136],"on":[137],"original":[139],"parallel.":[153],"addition,":[155],"loss":[157,167,176,183],"function":[158],"redefined.":[160],"Except":[161],"that":[162,189],"each":[163],"segment":[164,175],"has":[165],"a":[166],"function,":[168],"weighted":[170],"average":[171],"value":[172],"all":[174],"functions":[177],"defined":[179],"as":[180],"total":[182],"function.":[184],"experimental":[186],"results":[187],"show":[188],"better":[194],"than":[195],"traditional":[197],"linear":[198],"interpolation":[199],"method,":[200],"compressed":[201],"sensing":[202],"algorithm":[203,207],"matrix":[205],"completion":[206],"filling":[209],"fingerprint":[215],"database,":[216],"probability":[219],"error":[221],"within":[222],"2":[223],"m":[224],"reaches":[225],"about":[226],"94%.":[227]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}