{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3085081926","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13638-020-01783-5","title":"Network resource optimization with reinforcement learning for low power wide area networks","display_name":"Network resource optimization with reinforcement learning for low power wide area networks","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-09-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3085081926","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13638-020-01783-5","mag":"3085081926"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13638-020-01783-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13638-020-01783-5","pdf_url":"https://jwcn-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13638-020-01783-5","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S82675988","display_name":"EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking","issn_l":"1687-1472","issn":["1687-1472","1687-1499"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://jwcn-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13638-020-01783-5","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020965609","display_name":"Gyubong Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2337-3673"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93906172","display_name":"Anyang University","ror":"https://ror.org/018pdh902","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93906172"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gyubong Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Hanynag University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Hanynag University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93906172"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005436256","display_name":"Wooyeob Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9688-6691"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93906172","display_name":"Anyang University","ror":"https://ror.org/018pdh902","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93906172"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wooyeob Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Hanynag University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Hanynag University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93906172"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040592322","display_name":"Inwhee Joe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8435-0395"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93906172","display_name":"Anyang University","ror":"https://ror.org/018pdh902","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93906172"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Inwhee Joe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Hanynag University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Hanynag University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93906172"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5040592322"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93906172"],"apc_list":{"value":1140,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1398},"apc_paid":{"value":1140,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1398},"fwci":2.6034,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":49,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90490106,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"2020","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.986299991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.8890060782432556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8831958770751953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.6430710554122925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.582483172416687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.5365514755249023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.5315231084823608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.520606517791748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-transmission","display_name":"Data transmission","score":0.5182995200157166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.46370038390159607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.4288312792778015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3300132751464844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.20951375365257263}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.8890060782432556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8831958770751953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.6430710554122925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.582483172416687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.5365514755249023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.5315231084823608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.520606517791748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C557945733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q389772","display_name":"Data transmission","level":2,"score":0.5182995200157166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.46370038390159607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.4288312792778015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3300132751464844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.20951375365257263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13638-020-01783-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13638-020-01783-5","pdf_url":"https://jwcn-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13638-020-01783-5","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S82675988","display_name":"EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking","issn_l":"1687-1472","issn":["1687-1472","1687-1499"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:770c4de3fb274f78840af925219929ca","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/770c4de3fb274f78840af925219929ca","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking, Vol 2020, Iss 1, Pp 1-20 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13638-020-01783-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13638-020-01783-5","pdf_url":"https://jwcn-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13638-020-01783-5","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S82675988","display_name":"EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking","issn_l":"1687-1472","issn":["1687-1472","1687-1499"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1514347133","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020-0-00107","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322030","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3411130480","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020-0-00107","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335489","funder_display_name":"Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5958094227","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019R1A2C1009894","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7594430686","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"No. 2020-0-00107","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8175279369","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF-2019R1A2C1009894","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G950944287","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020-0-00107","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","display_name":"National Research Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05s0g1g46"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322030","display_name":"Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning","ror":"https://ror.org/032e49973"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/01wpjm123"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335489","display_name":"Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion","ror":"https://ror.org/01g0hqq23"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3085081926.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3085081926.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2121863487","https://openalex.org/W2145339207","https://openalex.org/W2395575420","https://openalex.org/W2520480241","https://openalex.org/W2608974495","https://openalex.org/W2612958958","https://openalex.org/W2616905512","https://openalex.org/W2768629321","https://openalex.org/W2769858632","https://openalex.org/W2771027669","https://openalex.org/W2804412990","https://openalex.org/W2837460091","https://openalex.org/W2886797951","https://openalex.org/W2914844463","https://openalex.org/W2923785440","https://openalex.org/W2962691290","https://openalex.org/W2963658727","https://openalex.org/W2982438804","https://openalex.org/W2982477698","https://openalex.org/W2999987467","https://openalex.org/W3099473016"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4362501864","https://openalex.org/W4306904969","https://openalex.org/W4380318855","https://openalex.org/W2138720691","https://openalex.org/W2031695474","https://openalex.org/W2586732548","https://openalex.org/W2360932317","https://openalex.org/W3133147449","https://openalex.org/W1901143057","https://openalex.org/W3118170786"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"As":[1],"the":[2,16,30,34,44,72,78,83,96,101,111,115,119,143,147,150,157,165,173],"4th":[3],"industrial":[4],"revolution":[5],"using":[6],"information":[7],"becomes":[8],"an":[9],"issue,":[10],"wireless":[11,45,59],"communication":[12,46,51],"technologies":[13],"such":[14,124],"as":[15,125],"Internet":[17],"of":[18,85,117,121,136,180,184],"Things":[19],"have":[20,61],"been":[21,62],"spotlighted.":[22],"Therefore,":[23],"much":[24],"research":[25],"is":[26,92,168],"needed":[27],"to":[28,52,64,70,77,94,156,187],"satisfy":[29],"technological":[31],"demands":[32],"for":[33,100],"future":[35],"society.":[36],"A":[37],"LPWA":[38,88],"(low":[39],"power":[40,75],"wide":[41],"area)":[42],"in":[43,146,182],"environment":[47],"enables":[48],"low-power,":[49],"long-distance":[50],"meet":[53],"various":[54],"application":[55],"requirements":[56],"that":[57,141,164],"conventional":[58],"communications":[60],"difficult":[63],"meet.":[65],"We":[66],"propose":[67],"a":[68,134],"method":[69,167],"consume":[71],"minimum":[73,102],"transmission":[74,103,128,152],"relative":[76,186],"maximum":[79],"data":[80,177],"rate":[81],"with":[82,114],"target":[84],"LoRaWAN":[86,112,181],"among":[87],"networks.":[89],"Reinforcement":[90],"learning":[91,139],"adopted":[93],"find":[95],"appropriate":[97],"parameter":[98],"values":[99],"power.":[104],"With":[105],"deep":[106,137],"reinforcement":[107,138],"learning,":[108],"we":[109],"address":[110],"problem":[113],"goal":[116],"optimizing":[118],"distribution":[120],"network":[122,148],"resources":[123],"spreading":[126],"factor,":[127],"power,":[129],"and":[130],"channel.":[131],"By":[132],"creating":[133],"number":[135],"agents":[140],"match":[142],"terminal":[144,158],"nodes":[145],"server,":[149],"optimal":[151],"parameters":[153],"are":[154],"provided":[155],"nodes.":[159],"The":[160],"simulation":[161],"results":[162],"show":[163],"proposed":[166],"about":[169],"15%":[170],"better":[171],"than":[172],"existing":[174],"ADR":[175],"(adaptive":[176],"rate)":[178],"MAX":[179],"terms":[183],"throughput":[185],"energy":[188],"transmission.":[189]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
