{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2937992155","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13638-019-1395-3","title":"Utilization and load balancing in fog servers for health applications","display_name":"Utilization and load balancing in fog servers for health applications","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-04-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2937992155","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13638-019-1395-3","mag":"2937992155"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13638-019-1395-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13638-019-1395-3","pdf_url":"https://jwcn-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s13638-019-1395-3","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S82675988","display_name":"EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking","issn_l":"1687-1472","issn":["1687-1472","1687-1499"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://jwcn-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s13638-019-1395-3","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070906928","display_name":"Hasan Ali Khattak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8198-9265"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16076960","display_name":"COMSATS University Islamabad","ror":"https://ror.org/00nqqvk19","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16076960"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hasan Ali Khattak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, COMSATS University Islamabad, Park Road Tarlai Kalan, Islamabad, Islamabad, 44500, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, COMSATS University Islamabad, Park Road Tarlai Kalan, Islamabad, Islamabad, 44500, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16076960"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026924051","display_name":"Hafsa Arshad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7941-6479"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16076960","display_name":"COMSATS University Islamabad","ror":"https://ror.org/00nqqvk19","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16076960"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hafsa Arshad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, COMSATS University Islamabad, Park Road Tarlai Kalan, Islamabad, Islamabad, 44500, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, COMSATS University Islamabad, Park Road Tarlai Kalan, Islamabad, Islamabad, 44500, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16076960"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035335908","display_name":"Saif ul Islam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9546-4195"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saif ul Islam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Dr. A. Q. Khan Institute of Computer Sciences and Information Technology, Rawalpindi, Sumbal Gah Kahuta, Rawalpindi, 47320, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Dr. A. Q. Khan Institute of Computer Sciences and Information Technology, Rawalpindi, Sumbal Gah Kahuta, Rawalpindi, 47320, Pakistan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017825966","display_name":"Ghufran Ahmed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0077-9638"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16076960","display_name":"COMSATS University Islamabad","ror":"https://ror.org/00nqqvk19","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16076960"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ghufran Ahmed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, COMSATS University Islamabad, Park Road Tarlai Kalan, Islamabad, Islamabad, 44500, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, COMSATS University Islamabad, Park Road Tarlai Kalan, Islamabad, Islamabad, 44500, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16076960"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045284879","display_name":"Sohail Jabbar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2127-1235"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I505182","display_name":"National Textile University","ror":"https://ror.org/030dak672","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I505182"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sohail Jabbar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, National Textile University, Faisalabad, Sheikhupura Road, Manawal, Faisalabad, 37610, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, National Textile University, Faisalabad, Sheikhupura Road, Manawal, Faisalabad, 37610, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I505182"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020407807","display_name":"Abdullahi Mohamud Sharif","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1125-6664"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802043524","display_name":"University of Somalia","ror":"https://ror.org/03dcjsm04","country_code":"SO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802043524"]}],"countries":["SO"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Abdullahi Mohamud Sharif","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Somalia, Mogadishu, Makka Al-mukarrama Road, Mogadishu, Somalia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Somalia, Mogadishu, Makka Al-mukarrama Road, Mogadishu, Somalia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802043524"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015169296","display_name":"Shehzad Khalid","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0899-7354"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59225215","display_name":"Bahria University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v8d7770","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59225215"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shehzad Khalid","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Bahria University Islamabad, Shangrilla Rd, E-8/1, Islamabad, 44500, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Bahria University Islamabad, Shangrilla Rd, E-8/1, Islamabad, 44500, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59225215"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5020407807"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802043524"],"apc_list":{"value":1140,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1398},"apc_paid":{"value":1140,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1398},"fwci":9.4449,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":86,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98276501,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"2019","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.9843999743461609,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10444","display_name":"Context-Aware Activity Recognition Systems","score":0.9836000204086304,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8769512176513672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/server","display_name":"Server","score":0.820691704750061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.8065018057823181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/load-balancing","display_name":"Load balancing (electrical power)","score":0.7139065265655518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-of-service","display_name":"Quality of service","score":0.6116975545883179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-machine","display_name":"Virtual machine","score":0.5653160810470581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fog-computing","display_name":"Fog computing","score":0.5355109572410583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.5256327986717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.49498504400253296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.49321597814559937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latency","display_name":"Latency (audio)","score":0.4705125689506531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-server","display_name":"Cloud server","score":0.45257964730262756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.25567132234573364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.08404269814491272}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8769512176513672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.820691704750061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.8065018057823181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138959212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1806783","display_name":"Load balancing (electrical power)","level":3,"score":0.7139065265655518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5119721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220501","display_name":"Quality of service","level":2,"score":0.6116975545883179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25344961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192726","display_name":"Virtual machine","level":2,"score":0.5653160810470581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986652147","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21809931","display_name":"Fog computing","level":3,"score":0.5355109572410583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5256327986717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.49498504400253296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.49321597814559937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.4705125689506531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987335383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q878048","display_name":"Cloud server","level":3,"score":0.45257964730262756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.25567132234573364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.08404269814491272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13638-019-1395-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13638-019-1395-3","pdf_url":"https://jwcn-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s13638-019-1395-3","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S82675988","display_name":"EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking","issn_l":"1687-1472","issn":["1687-1472","1687-1499"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:f75d463ca6c741b5a1a0162809450613","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/f75d463ca6c741b5a1a0162809450613","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking, Vol 2019, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2019)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13638-019-1395-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13638-019-1395-3","pdf_url":"https://jwcn-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s13638-019-1395-3","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S82675988","display_name":"EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking","issn_l":"1687-1472","issn":["1687-1472","1687-1499"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4000000059604645,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2099876764","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1674","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326275","funder_display_name":"Higher Education Commision, Pakistan"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326275","display_name":"Higher Education Commision, Pakistan","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2937992155.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2937992155.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1486457878","https://openalex.org/W1599167219","https://openalex.org/W1606912675","https://openalex.org/W1975397857","https://openalex.org/W2035203720","https://openalex.org/W2045287414","https://openalex.org/W2083533476","https://openalex.org/W2106850976","https://openalex.org/W2198252115","https://openalex.org/W2245189809","https://openalex.org/W2314242317","https://openalex.org/W2326370463","https://openalex.org/W2339434046","https://openalex.org/W2414114959","https://openalex.org/W2528462506","https://openalex.org/W2589648202","https://openalex.org/W2609824095","https://openalex.org/W2743515291","https://openalex.org/W2754987233","https://openalex.org/W2790763152","https://openalex.org/W2793096833","https://openalex.org/W2793299772","https://openalex.org/W2795261565","https://openalex.org/W2800583139","https://openalex.org/W2802538926","https://openalex.org/W2809414801","https://openalex.org/W2809662846","https://openalex.org/W2963218953","https://openalex.org/W3099514111","https://openalex.org/W3102845547","https://openalex.org/W4298885657"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2558538437","https://openalex.org/W2612791064","https://openalex.org/W2893967483","https://openalex.org/W2807937293","https://openalex.org/W2384875552","https://openalex.org/W2574551232","https://openalex.org/W2357605019","https://openalex.org/W1965405747","https://openalex.org/W2167514501","https://openalex.org/W3184741001"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,37,63,68,84,105,118,125,134,145],"evolution":[2],"of":[3,50,148],"fog":[4,31,88],"computing,":[5],"processing":[6],"takes":[7],"place":[8],"locally":[9,112],"in":[10,16,48,77,113,121],"a":[11,17],"virtual":[12],"platform":[13],"rather":[14],"than":[15],"centralized":[18],"cloud":[19,25,106],"server.":[20],"Fog":[21],"computing":[22,26,32,89],"combined":[23],"with":[24,129,144],"is":[27,59],"more":[28],"efficient":[29],"as":[30,52,54],"alone":[33],"does":[34],"not":[35],"serve":[36],"purpose.":[38],"Inefficient":[39],"resource":[40],"management":[41],"and":[42,98,141],"load":[43,130],"balancing":[44,131],"leads":[45,137],"to":[46,67,104,116,123,138],"degradation":[47],"quality":[49,147],"service":[51],"well":[53],"energy":[55],"losses.":[56],"Traffic":[57],"overhead":[58,143],"increased":[60],"because":[61],"all":[62,133],"requests":[64,93,101,120],"are":[65,86,94,102,110],"sent":[66,103],"main":[69],"server":[70],"causing":[71],"delays":[72],"which":[73,136],"cannot":[74],"be":[75],"tolerated":[76],"healthcare":[78],"scenarios.":[79],"To":[80],"overcome":[81],"this":[82],"problem,":[83],"authors":[85],"consolidating":[87],"resources":[90,126],"so":[91],"that":[92],"handled":[95],"by":[96],"foglets":[97],"only":[99],"critical":[100],"for":[107],"processing.":[108],"Servers":[109],"placed":[111],"each":[114],"city":[115],"handle":[117],"nearby":[119],"order":[122],"utilize":[124],"efficiently":[127],"along":[128],"among":[132],"servers,":[135],"reduced":[139],"latency":[140],"traffic":[142],"improved":[146],"service.":[149]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-03-17T17:19:04.345684","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
