{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7162202880","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13635-026-00237-7","title":"Beyond the Brush++: a flexible pipeline for fully automated generation of realistic inpainted images","display_name":"Beyond the Brush++: a flexible pipeline for fully automated generation of realistic inpainted images","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-05-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7162202880","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13635-026-00237-7"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13635-026-00237-7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13635-026-00237-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407056161","display_name":"Journal on Information Security","issn_l":"3091-4515","issn":["3091-4515"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal on Information Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13635-026-00237-7","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5094178972","display_name":"Giulia Bertazzini","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45084792","display_name":"University of Florence","ror":"https://ror.org/04jr1s763","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Giulia Bertazzini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Florence, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Florence, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036464928","display_name":"Chiara Albisani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8201-7118"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45084792","display_name":"University of Florence","ror":"https://ror.org/04jr1s763","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chiara Albisani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Florence, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Florence, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011507764","display_name":"Daniele Baracchi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7364-1955"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45084792","display_name":"University of Florence","ror":"https://ror.org/04jr1s763","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniele Baracchi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Florence, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Florence, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085854897","display_name":"Dasara Shullani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2753-366X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45084792","display_name":"University of Florence","ror":"https://ror.org/04jr1s763","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dasara Shullani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Florence, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Florence, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007423585","display_name":"Alessandro Piva","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3047-0519"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45084792","display_name":"University of Florence","ror":"https://ror.org/04jr1s763","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alessandro Piva","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Florence, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Florence, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5094178972"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77119825,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":0.8064000010490417,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":0.8064000010490417,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.11479999870061874,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12034","display_name":"Digital and Cyber Forensics","score":0.016200000420212746,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pipeline","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","score":0.7098000049591064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.6685000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptability","display_name":"Adaptability","score":0.529699981212616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.5164999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.4555000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inpainting","display_name":"Inpainting","score":0.37610000371932983}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7982000112533569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43521106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2165493","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","level":2,"score":0.7098000049591064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.6685000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177606310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5674297","display_name":"Adaptability","level":2,"score":0.529699981212616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.5164999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.503600001335144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4555000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11727466","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1628157","display_name":"Inpainting","level":3,"score":0.37610000371932983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3693999946117401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.33730000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.33709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.32190001010894775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.2854999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.2842999994754791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.2822999954223633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115901376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184199","display_name":"Automation","level":2,"score":0.2791999876499176}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13635-026-00237-7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13635-026-00237-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407056161","display_name":"Journal on Information Security","issn_l":"3091-4515","issn":["3091-4515"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal on Information Security","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13635-026-00237-7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13635-026-00237-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407056161","display_name":"Journal on Information Security","issn_l":"3091-4515","issn":["3091-4515"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal on Information Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Partially":[1],"manipulated":[2],"images":[3],"pose":[4],"a":[5,33,57,76,140],"growing":[6],"threat":[7],"to":[8,30,42,61,107],"the":[9,23,35,43,52,62,72,104,133,145,152],"reliability":[10],"of":[11,17,25,54,84,132],"online":[12],"content.":[13],"The":[14],"rapid":[15],"spread":[16],"diffusion-based":[18],"inpainting":[19],"tools":[20],"has":[21],"made":[22],"creation":[24,53],"such":[26],"manipulations":[27],"increasingly":[28],"easy":[29],"perform.":[31],"As":[32],"result,":[34],"multimedia":[36],"forensics":[37],"community":[38],"is":[39,93],"disadvantaged":[40],"compared":[41],"attackers,":[44],"as":[45],"developing":[46],"effective":[47],"localization":[48],"techniques":[49],"often":[50],"requires":[51],"large":[55],"datasets,":[56],"resource-intensive":[58],"process":[59],"due":[60],"necessary":[63],"human":[64,142,148],"effort.":[65],"In":[66],"this":[67],"paper,":[68],"we":[69,137],"present":[70],"Beyond":[71],"Brush+":[73],"+":[74],"(BtB++),":[75],"fully":[77],"automated":[78],"pipeline":[79],"for":[80,156],"generating":[81],"large-scale":[82],"datasets":[83],"realistic":[85],"inpainted":[86],"images.":[87,126],"Our":[88],"experiments":[89],"demonstrate":[90],"that":[91],"BtB++":[92],"both":[94],"flexible":[95],"and":[96,101,111,151],"easily":[97],"integrates":[98],"different":[99],"models":[100,110],"configurations,":[102],"offering":[103],"adaptability":[105],"required":[106],"address":[108],"evolving":[109],"application":[112],"scenarios.":[113],"Moreover,":[114],"an":[115,129],"automatic":[116,153],"filtering":[117,135],"mechanism":[118],"ensures":[119],"quality":[120],"control":[121],"by":[122],"discarding":[123],"low-quality":[124],"generated":[125],"To":[127],"provide":[128],"initial":[130],"assessment":[131],"proposed":[134],"strategy,":[136],"also":[138],"conducted":[139],"small-scale":[141],"evaluation,":[143],"studying":[144],"alignment":[146],"between":[147],"perceptual":[149],"judgments":[150],"metrics":[154],"used":[155],"filtering.":[157]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-18T08:10:14.011955","created_date":"2026-05-24T00:00:00"}