{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4405584328","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13635-024-00184-1","title":"DCNN: a novel binary and multi-class network intrusion detection model via deep convolutional neural network","display_name":"DCNN: a novel binary and multi-class network intrusion detection model via deep convolutional neural network","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-12-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4405584328","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13635-024-00184-1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13635-024-00184-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13635-024-00184-1","pdf_url":"https://jis-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13635-024-00184-1","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5820498","display_name":"EURASIP Journal on Information Security","issn_l":"1687-4161","issn":["1687-4161","1687-417X","2510-523X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"EURASIP Journal on Information Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://jis-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13635-024-00184-1","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5094298306","display_name":"Ahmed Shebl","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I88017793","display_name":"Port Said University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vx5yq44","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I88017793"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed Shebl","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mathematics and Computer Science Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Fouad City, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mathematics and Computer Science Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Fouad City, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I88017793"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084173923","display_name":"E. I. Elsedimy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0781-2231"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I88017793","display_name":"Port Said University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vx5yq44","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I88017793"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. I. Elsedimy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of System and Information Technology, Faculty of Management Technology and Information System, Port Said University, Port Fouad City, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of System and Information Technology, Faculty of Management Technology and Information System, Port Said University, Port Fouad City, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I88017793"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101578876","display_name":"Amr Ismail","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9740-214X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I88017793","display_name":"Port Said University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vx5yq44","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I88017793"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Ismail","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mathematics and Computer Science Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Fouad City, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mathematics and Computer Science Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Fouad City, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I88017793"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037558599","display_name":"A. A. Salama","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2300-615X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I88017793","display_name":"Port Said University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vx5yq44","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I88017793"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A.\u00a0A. Salama","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mathematics and Computer Science Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Fouad City, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mathematics and Computer Science Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Fouad City, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I88017793"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031918019","display_name":"Mostafa Herajy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7181-6144"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I88017793","display_name":"Port Said University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vx5yq44","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I88017793"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mostafa Herajy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mathematics and Computer Science Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Fouad City, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mathematics and Computer Science Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Fouad City, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I88017793"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5094298306"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I88017793"],"apc_list":{"value":1040,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1040},"apc_paid":{"value":1040,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1040},"fwci":3.6444,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93645891,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"2024","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.894357442855835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.7281053066253662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.6325836181640625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-number","display_name":"Binary number","score":0.5685549974441528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5489178895950317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intrusion-detection-system","display_name":"Intrusion detection system","score":0.5030121207237244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-independence-model","display_name":"Binary Independence Model","score":0.4576075077056885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.4214341640472412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.4015248715877533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.33899393677711487}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.894357442855835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.7281053066253662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.6325836181640625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48372109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3913","display_name":"Binary number","level":2,"score":0.5685549974441528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5489178895950317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35525427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q745881","display_name":"Intrusion detection system","level":2,"score":0.5030121207237244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37061001","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3531721","display_name":"Binary Independence Model","level":3,"score":0.4576075077056885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.4214341640472412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4015248715877533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.33899393677711487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13635-024-00184-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13635-024-00184-1","pdf_url":"https://jis-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13635-024-00184-1","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5820498","display_name":"EURASIP Journal on Information Security","issn_l":"1687-4161","issn":["1687-4161","1687-417X","2510-523X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"EURASIP Journal on Information Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:1772a908488f4560ac92a420617165aa","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/1772a908488f4560ac92a420617165aa","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"EURASIP Journal on Information Security, Vol 2024, Iss 1, Pp 1-23 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13635-024-00184-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13635-024-00184-1","pdf_url":"https://jis-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13635-024-00184-1","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5820498","display_name":"EURASIP Journal on Information Security","issn_l":"1687-4161","issn":["1687-4161","1687-417X","2510-523X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"EURASIP Journal on Information Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.5,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321655","display_name":"Science and Technology Development Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/044vr6g03"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4405584328.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4405584328.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2040870580","https://openalex.org/W2789828921","https://openalex.org/W2886020981","https://openalex.org/W2992862552","https://openalex.org/W3119207006","https://openalex.org/W3192414357","https://openalex.org/W3195193442","https://openalex.org/W4213440355","https://openalex.org/W4220959892","https://openalex.org/W4242552899","https://openalex.org/W4285227013","https://openalex.org/W4285248859","https://openalex.org/W4295788744","https://openalex.org/W4295854586","https://openalex.org/W4300167448","https://openalex.org/W4306252768","https://openalex.org/W4312384107","https://openalex.org/W4313398878","https://openalex.org/W4313428795","https://openalex.org/W4318962769","https://openalex.org/W4319066192","https://openalex.org/W4360938213","https://openalex.org/W4365790371","https://openalex.org/W4366606623","https://openalex.org/W4366748065","https://openalex.org/W4379179427","https://openalex.org/W4382281941","https://openalex.org/W4382793227","https://openalex.org/W4386376682","https://openalex.org/W4387007843","https://openalex.org/W4387647860","https://openalex.org/W4388966623","https://openalex.org/W4400700048","https://openalex.org/W4401344934","https://openalex.org/W4402035331","https://openalex.org/W4402659198"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2092054436","https://openalex.org/W2002355020","https://openalex.org/W3010631141","https://openalex.org/W1993278628","https://openalex.org/W2756153650","https://openalex.org/W2077917306","https://openalex.org/W2767083562","https://openalex.org/W2363205410","https://openalex.org/W2584565680","https://openalex.org/W2617825408"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Network":[1],"security":[2],"become":[3],"imperative":[4],"in":[5,33,50,117,181],"the":[6,25,69,147,204,214,230],"context":[7],"of":[8,27,52,57,183,221,236],"our":[9,173],"interconnected":[10,34],"networks":[11],"and":[12,30,43,61,80,112,115,126,138,154,193,200,209,226,238,242],"everyday":[13],"communications.":[14],"Recently,":[15],"many":[16,56],"deep":[17],"learning":[18],"models":[19],"have":[20],"been":[21],"proposed":[22,104,148],"to":[23,109,152],"tackle":[24],"problem":[26],"predicting":[28],"intrusions":[29,116,153],"malicious":[31,155],"activities":[32,125,156],"systems.":[35],"However,":[36],"they":[37],"solely":[38],"focus":[39],"on":[40,46,97,203],"binary":[41,158,199,225,241],"classification":[42],"lack":[44],"reporting":[45],"individual":[47],"class":[48],"performance":[49],"case":[51],"multi-class":[53,162,201,227,243],"classification.":[54],"Moreover,":[55],"them":[58],"are":[59,207],"trained":[60],"tested":[62],"using":[63],"outdated":[64],"datasets":[65,137],"which":[66],"eventually":[67],"impact":[68],"overall":[70],"performance.":[71],"Therefore,":[72],"there":[73],"is":[74,132],"a":[75,91,219,234],"need":[76],"for":[77,157,198,213,223,240],"an":[78],"efficient":[79],"accurate":[81],"network":[82,119,123],"intrusion":[83,169,178],"detection":[84,94,170,179],"system.":[85],"In":[86],"this":[87],"paper,":[88],"we":[89],"propose":[90],"novel":[92],"intelligent":[93,118],"system":[95],"based":[96],"convolutional":[98],"neural":[99],"network,":[100],"namely":[101],"DCNN.":[102],"The":[103,129,195],"model":[105,131,149,175],"can":[106],"be":[107],"utilized":[108],"efficiently":[110],"analyze":[111],"detect":[113],"attacks":[114],"systems":[120,180],"(e.g.,":[121],"suspicious":[122],"traffic":[124],"policy":[127],"violations).":[128],"DCNN":[130,174,217],"applied":[133],"against":[134],"three":[135],"benchmark":[136],"compared":[139],"with":[140],"state-of-the-art":[141],"models.":[142],"Experimental":[143],"results":[144],"show":[145],"that":[146],"improved":[150],"resilience":[151],"as":[159,161],"well":[160],"classification,":[163],"expanding":[164],"its":[165],"applicability":[166],"across":[167],"different":[168],"scenarios.":[171],"Furthermore,":[172],"outperforms":[176],"similar":[177],"terms":[182],"positive":[184,188],"predicted":[185],"value,":[186],"true":[187],"rate,":[189],"F":[190],"1":[191],"measure,":[192],"accuracy.":[194],"scores":[196],"obtained":[197],"classifications":[202],"CICIoT2023":[205],"dataset":[206,232],"99.50%":[208],"99.25%,":[210],"respectively.":[211,245],"Additionally,":[212],"CICIDS-2017":[215],"dataset,":[216],"attains":[218,233],"score":[220,235],"99.96%":[222],"both":[224],"classifications,":[228,244],"while":[229],"CICIoMT2024":[231],"99.98%":[237],"99.86%":[239]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
