{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4400459020","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13635-024-00170-7","title":"Performance comparison of quantum-safe multivariate polynomial public key encapsulation algorithm","display_name":"Performance comparison of quantum-safe multivariate polynomial public key encapsulation algorithm","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-07-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4400459020","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13635-024-00170-7"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13635-024-00170-7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13635-024-00170-7","pdf_url":"https://jis-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13635-024-00170-7","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5820498","display_name":"EURASIP Journal on Information Security","issn_l":"1687-4161","issn":["1687-4161","1687-417X","2510-523X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"EURASIP Journal on Information Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://jis-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13635-024-00170-7","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060879211","display_name":"Randy Kuang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5567-2192"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210138854","display_name":"Quantropi (Canada)","ror":"https://ror.org/03zmkfy07","country_code":"CA","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210138854"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Randy Kuang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Quantropi Inc., 1545 Carling Ave, Suite 620, Ottawa, K1Z 8P9, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Quantropi Inc., 1545 Carling Ave, Suite 620, Ottawa, K1Z 8P9, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210138854"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058480939","display_name":"Maria Perepechaenko","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210138854","display_name":"Quantropi (Canada)","ror":"https://ror.org/03zmkfy07","country_code":"CA","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210138854"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maria Perepechaenko","raw_affiliation_strings":["Quantropi Inc., 1545 Carling Ave, Suite 620, Ottawa, K1Z 8P9, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Quantropi Inc., 1545 Carling Ave, Suite 620, Ottawa, K1Z 8P9, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210138854"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082564518","display_name":"Ryan Toth","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210138854","display_name":"Quantropi (Canada)","ror":"https://ror.org/03zmkfy07","country_code":"CA","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210138854"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ryan Toth","raw_affiliation_strings":["Quantropi Inc., 1545 Carling Ave, Suite 620, Ottawa, K1Z 8P9, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Quantropi Inc., 1545 Carling Ave, Suite 620, Ottawa, K1Z 8P9, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210138854"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087753863","display_name":"Michel Barbeau","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3531-4926"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67031392","display_name":"Carleton University","ror":"https://ror.org/02qtvee93","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michel Barbeau","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, K1S 5B6, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3531-4926","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, K1S 5B6, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5060879211"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210138854"],"apc_list":{"value":1040,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1040},"apc_paid":{"value":1040,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1040},"fwci":1.2656,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81060841,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"2024","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11435","display_name":"Polynomial and algebraic computation","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11435","display_name":"Polynomial and algebraic computation","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11130","display_name":"Coding theory and cryptography","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10951","display_name":"Cryptographic Implementations and Security","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7928304076194763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encapsulation","display_name":"Encapsulation (networking)","score":0.7260022163391113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multivariate-statistics","display_name":"Multivariate statistics","score":0.5680316090583801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5228215456008911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-key-cryptography","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","score":0.50641930103302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key-encapsulation","display_name":"Key encapsulation","score":0.490252286195755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum","display_name":"Quantum","score":0.4526207447052002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.45088210701942444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3615182042121887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.2559565305709839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/symmetric-key-algorithm","display_name":"Symmetric-key algorithm","score":0.13931095600128174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.13818848133087158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.12315681576728821}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7928304076194763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81147070","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172449","display_name":"Encapsulation (networking)","level":2,"score":0.7260022163391113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161584116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1952580","display_name":"Multivariate statistics","level":2,"score":0.5680316090583801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5228215456008911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203062551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201339","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","level":3,"score":0.50641930103302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35181327","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6398156","display_name":"Key encapsulation","level":5,"score":0.490252286195755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.4526207447052002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.45088210701942444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3615182042121887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.2559565305709839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65302260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327675","display_name":"Symmetric-key algorithm","level":4,"score":0.13931095600128174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.13818848133087158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.12315681576728821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13635-024-00170-7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13635-024-00170-7","pdf_url":"https://jis-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13635-024-00170-7","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5820498","display_name":"EURASIP Journal on Information Security","issn_l":"1687-4161","issn":["1687-4161","1687-417X","2510-523X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"EURASIP Journal on Information Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b9a5a3408d394d3f81744ab92c9a87ea","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b9a5a3408d394d3f81744ab92c9a87ea","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"EURASIP Journal on Information Security, Vol 2024, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13635-024-00170-7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13635-024-00170-7","pdf_url":"https://jis-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13635-024-00170-7","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5820498","display_name":"EURASIP Journal on Information Security","issn_l":"1687-4161","issn":["1687-4161","1687-417X","2510-523X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"EURASIP Journal on Information Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.5199999809265137,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4400459020.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W202101684","https://openalex.org/W1552510908","https://openalex.org/W1675339804","https://openalex.org/W1821087317","https://openalex.org/W2002372750","https://openalex.org/W2011039300","https://openalex.org/W2137147061","https://openalex.org/W2218982563","https://openalex.org/W4297991408","https://openalex.org/W4307434441","https://openalex.org/W4376622261","https://openalex.org/W6600192831","https://openalex.org/W6607944615"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2216891170","https://openalex.org/W2982425874","https://openalex.org/W3020242443","https://openalex.org/W2229809156","https://openalex.org/W4296458422","https://openalex.org/W2913147969","https://openalex.org/W3009555975","https://openalex.org/W1486932457","https://openalex.org/W3115310671","https://openalex.org/W4246395789"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"A":[1],"novel":[2],"quantum-safe":[3],"key":[4,25,72],"encapsulation":[5,26],"algorithm,":[6],"called":[7],"Multivariate":[8],"Polynomial":[9],"Public":[10],"Key":[11],"(MPPK),":[12],"was":[13],"recently":[14],"proposed":[15],"by":[16],"Kuang,":[17],"Perepechaenko,":[18],"and":[19,134],"Barbeau.":[20],"Security":[21],"of":[22,44,73,78,89],"the":[23,32,42,45,87,99,109,112,123,131,136,139],"MPPK":[24,74,90,100],"mechanism":[27],"does":[28],"not":[29],"rely":[30],"on":[31],"prime":[33],"factorization":[34],"or":[35,58],"discrete":[36],"logarithm":[37],"problems.":[38],"It":[39],"builds":[40],"upon":[41],"NP-completeness":[43],"modular":[46],"Diophantine":[47],"equation":[48],"problem,":[49],"for":[50,122],"which":[51],"there":[52],"are":[53,94,120],"no":[54],"known":[55,66],"efficient":[56],"classical":[57],"quantum":[59,67],"algorithms.":[60],"Hence,":[61],"it":[62],"is":[63],"resistant":[64],"to":[65],"computing":[68],"attacks.":[69],"The":[70,96],"private":[71],"comprises":[75],"a":[76,82],"pair":[77],"multivariate":[79],"polynomials.":[80],"In":[81,126],"companion":[83],"paper,":[84],"we":[85,129],"analyzed":[86],"performance":[88,118],"when":[91],"these":[92],"polynomials":[93,113],"quadratic.":[95],"analysis":[97],"highlighted":[98],"high":[101],"decapsulation":[102,124],"time.":[103],"We":[104],"found":[105],"that,":[106],"while":[107],"maintaining":[108],"security":[110],"strength,":[111],"can":[114],"be":[115],"linear.":[116],"Considerable":[117],"gains":[119],"obtained":[121],"process.":[125],"this":[127],"article,":[128],"benchmark":[130],"linear":[132],"case":[133],"compare":[135],"results":[137],"with":[138],"previous":[140],"quadratic":[141],"case.":[142]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
