{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4323048422","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13634-023-00988-2","title":"VMD and self-attention mechanism-based Bi-LSTM model for fault detection of optical fiber composite submarine cables","display_name":"VMD and self-attention mechanism-based Bi-LSTM model for fault detection of optical fiber composite submarine cables","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-03-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4323048422","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13634-023-00988-2"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13634-023-00988-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13634-023-00988-2","pdf_url":"https://asp-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13634-023-00988-2","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S35920007","display_name":"EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing","issn_l":"1687-6172","issn":["1687-6172","1687-6180"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://asp-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13634-023-00988-2","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102093428","display_name":"Jie L\u00fc","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3937-4299"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jie Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3937-4299","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057193300","display_name":"Wenjiang Feng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8615-8620"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenjiang Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100641085","display_name":"Yuan Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5377-4646"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100629489","display_name":"Juntao Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1591-4150"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juntao Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017134054","display_name":"Yongqi Zou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongqi Zou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100741015","display_name":"Jingfu Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0079-9129"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jingfu Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102093428"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"],"apc_list":{"value":1140,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1398},"apc_paid":{"value":1140,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1398},"fwci":3.3971,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92514141,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"2023","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10220","display_name":"Machine Fault Diagnosis Techniques","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10220","display_name":"Machine Fault Diagnosis Techniques","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12737","display_name":"Electrical Fault Detection and Protection","score":0.9914000034332275,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10972","display_name":"Power Systems Fault Detection","score":0.9872000217437744,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/submarine","display_name":"Submarine","score":0.8242778778076172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6777358651161194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault","display_name":"Fault (geology)","score":0.6161365509033203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waveform","display_name":"Waveform","score":0.5588440895080566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-detection-and-isolation","display_name":"Fault detection and isolation","score":0.5437858700752258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.5379396677017212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.507693886756897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.4686025381088257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.44563910365104675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vibration","display_name":"Vibration","score":0.4178960919380188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3646710515022278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3536415994167328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3448352515697479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.29653945565223694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.24416249990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.21744105219841003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/actuator","display_name":"Actuator","score":0.13599371910095215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.13019317388534546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seismology","display_name":"Seismology","score":0.09308624267578125}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121327165","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2811","display_name":"Submarine","level":2,"score":0.8242778778076172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6777358651161194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175551986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47089","display_name":"Fault (geology)","level":2,"score":0.6161365509033203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197424946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165717","display_name":"Waveform","level":3,"score":0.5588440895080566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152745839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5438153","display_name":"Fault detection and isolation","level":3,"score":0.5437858700752258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.5379396677017212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.507693886756897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.4686025381088257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.44563910365104675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198394728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3695508","display_name":"Vibration","level":2,"score":0.4178960919380188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3646710515022278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3536415994167328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3448352515697479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.29653945565223694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.24416249990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.21744105219841003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172707124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423488","display_name":"Actuator","level":2,"score":0.13599371910095215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.13019317388534546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165205528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83371","display_name":"Seismology","level":1,"score":0.09308624267578125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199104240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118291","display_name":"Marine engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13634-023-00988-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13634-023-00988-2","pdf_url":"https://asp-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13634-023-00988-2","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S35920007","display_name":"EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing","issn_l":"1687-6172","issn":["1687-6172","1687-6180"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:5f1e6d4dd31a446e80cad4b18cd77282","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/5f1e6d4dd31a446e80cad4b18cd77282","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing, Vol 2023, Iss 1, Pp 1-19 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13634-023-00988-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13634-023-00988-2","pdf_url":"https://asp-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13634-023-00988-2","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S35920007","display_name":"EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing","issn_l":"1687-6172","issn":["1687-6172","1687-6180"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","score":0.5299999713897705,"display_name":"Life below water"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6496091240","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62001067","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4323048422.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W326543355","https://openalex.org/W2000982976","https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2116180989","https://openalex.org/W2593392134","https://openalex.org/W2780450720","https://openalex.org/W2787381683","https://openalex.org/W2789270247","https://openalex.org/W2791980288","https://openalex.org/W2904601569","https://openalex.org/W2919279077","https://openalex.org/W2995491390","https://openalex.org/W3022072396","https://openalex.org/W3029911800","https://openalex.org/W3035022492","https://openalex.org/W3039900565","https://openalex.org/W3106635836","https://openalex.org/W3107219478","https://openalex.org/W3109128137","https://openalex.org/W3110205892","https://openalex.org/W3110353361","https://openalex.org/W3127281808","https://openalex.org/W3130621509","https://openalex.org/W3134104917","https://openalex.org/W3136515843","https://openalex.org/W3145253150","https://openalex.org/W3158002239","https://openalex.org/W3163538739","https://openalex.org/W3167718882","https://openalex.org/W3188067367","https://openalex.org/W3188534472","https://openalex.org/W3190596814","https://openalex.org/W4200186774","https://openalex.org/W4200272773","https://openalex.org/W4200564053","https://openalex.org/W4206325813","https://openalex.org/W4281400118","https://openalex.org/W4294167358","https://openalex.org/W4302275239","https://openalex.org/W6702248584","https://openalex.org/W6778883912"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2034217055","https://openalex.org/W2352072136","https://openalex.org/W2363582487","https://openalex.org/W2084897638","https://openalex.org/W1972454084","https://openalex.org/W2377589027","https://openalex.org/W2392520678","https://openalex.org/W154259412","https://openalex.org/W2390803358","https://openalex.org/W77347888"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"As":[1],"the":[2,16,28,32,40,47,62,75,92,99,105,118,136,142,156,159,165,170,174,177,184,194],"main":[3,80],"electrical":[4],"equipment":[5],"of":[6,18,31,43,78,83,95,109,158,196],"offshore":[7],"power":[8,19],"grids,":[9],"optical":[10,84],"fiber":[11,85],"composite":[12,86],"submarine":[13,33,58,87,114],"cables":[14],"undertake":[15],"task":[17],"transmission":[20],"and":[21,45,64,98,107,148,173,188,191],"data":[22],"communication.":[23],"In":[24,116],"order":[25],"to":[26,38,73,141,169,182],"ensure":[27],"proper":[29],"functioning":[30],"cable,":[34],"it":[35,44,102],"is":[36,162,189],"necessary":[37],"analyze":[39],"working":[41],"state":[42],"identify":[46],"fault":[48,54,81,110,160],"event.":[49],"This":[50],"paper":[51],"proposes":[52],"a":[53],"detection":[55,93,108,161],"method":[56],"for":[57,132,145,151],"cables,":[59],"that":[60],"is,":[61],"VMD":[63],"self-attention-based":[65],"Bi-LSTM":[66,149],"model.":[67],"First,":[68],"we":[69],"use":[70],"ANSYS":[71],"software":[72],"generate":[74],"vibration":[76,100,119],"waveforms":[77],"three":[79],"events":[82,111],"cables.":[88],"Then,":[89],"by":[90],"generating":[91],"matrix":[94],"background":[96],"noise":[97],"waveforms,":[101],"can":[103,121],"realize":[104],"orientation":[106],"in":[112],"single":[113],"cable.":[115],"addition,":[117],"signal":[120],"be":[122],"decomposed":[123],"into":[124],"IMF":[125,137],"components":[126,138],"using":[127],"variational":[128],"mode":[129],"decomposition":[130],"(VMD)":[131],"feature":[133,146,153],"extraction.":[134,154],"Moreover,":[135],"are":[139],"input":[140],"self-attention":[143],"layer":[144],"fusion":[147],"module":[150],"further":[152],"Finally,":[155],"result":[157],"output":[163],"through":[164],"classification":[166],"layer.":[167],"According":[168],"comparative":[171],"experiment":[172],"ablation":[175],"experiment,":[176],"proposed":[178],"model":[179],"has":[180],"proved":[181],"outperform":[183],"other":[185],"benchmark":[186],"models":[187],"robust":[190],"stable":[192],"under":[193],"condition":[195],"different":[197],"signal-to-noise":[198],"ratios.":[199]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-29T09:16:38.111599","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}