{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2096626549","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13634-015-0222-1","title":"The effect of whitening transformation on pooling operations in convolutional autoencoders","display_name":"The effect of whitening transformation on pooling operations in convolutional autoencoders","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-04-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2096626549","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13634-015-0222-1","mag":"2096626549"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13634-015-0222-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13634-015-0222-1","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s13634-015-0222-1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S35920007","display_name":"EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing","issn_l":"1110-8657","issn":["1110-8657","1687-0433","1687-6172","1687-6180"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s13634-015-0222-1.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025371735","display_name":"Zuhe Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2511-3226"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23171815","display_name":"Zhengzhou University of Light Industry","ror":"https://ror.org/05fwr8z16","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23171815"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zuhe Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer and Communication Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, 5 Dongfeng Road, Zhengzhou, 450002, China","School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi\u2019an, 710072, China","School of Computer and Communication Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China","School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer and Communication Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, 5 Dongfeng Road, Zhengzhou, 450002, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23171815"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi\u2019an, 710072, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer and Communication Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23171815"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015995416","display_name":"Yangyu Fan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0689-5418"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yangyu Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi\u2019an, 710072, China","School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, CHINA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi\u2019an, 710072, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, CHINA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100627443","display_name":"Weihua Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2749-7259"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weihua Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi\u2019an, 710072, China","School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, CHINA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi\u2019an, 710072, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, CHINA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5025371735"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004","https://openalex.org/I23171815"],"apc_list":{"value":1665,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1665},"apc_paid":{"value":1665,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1665},"fwci":2.8452,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":26,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91998624,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"2015","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pooling","display_name":"Pooling","score":0.9276437759399414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.8009188175201416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7690712213516235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7595604658126831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6899163722991943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.4975927174091339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/redundancy","display_name":"Redundancy (engineering)","score":0.45771732926368713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4461306035518646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.44358253479003906}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70437156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7228652","display_name":"Pooling","level":2,"score":0.9276437759399414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.8009188175201416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7690712213516235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7595604658126831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6899163722991943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.4975927174091339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152124472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1204361","display_name":"Redundancy (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.45771732926368713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4461306035518646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.44358253479003906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13634-015-0222-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13634-015-0222-1","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s13634-015-0222-1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S35920007","display_name":"EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing","issn_l":"1110-8657","issn":["1110-8657","1687-0433","1687-6172","1687-6180"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13634-015-0222-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13634-015-0222-1","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s13634-015-0222-1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S35920007","display_name":"EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing","issn_l":"1110-8657","issn":["1110-8657","1687-0433","1687-6172","1687-6180"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5635098805","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2013SZS15-K02","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7240437320","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61202314","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0426zh255"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2096626549.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2096626549.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1523493493","https://openalex.org/W1605838321","https://openalex.org/W1627650131","https://openalex.org/W1793338510","https://openalex.org/W1907282891","https://openalex.org/W1981276685","https://openalex.org/W2041404167","https://openalex.org/W2072128103","https://openalex.org/W2090042335","https://openalex.org/W2103212315","https://openalex.org/W2105728138","https://openalex.org/W2112274848","https://openalex.org/W2112796928","https://openalex.org/W2118858186","https://openalex.org/W2134031929","https://openalex.org/W2136655611","https://openalex.org/W2136922672","https://openalex.org/W2139427956","https://openalex.org/W2145094598","https://openalex.org/W2148461049","https://openalex.org/W2162741153","https://openalex.org/W2162931300","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2172174689","https://openalex.org/W2481623333","https://openalex.org/W2546302380","https://openalex.org/W2560674852","https://openalex.org/W2597289420","https://openalex.org/W2604272474","https://openalex.org/W2768066693","https://openalex.org/W2952390042","https://openalex.org/W2978725006","https://openalex.org/W2990138404","https://openalex.org/W3118608800","https://openalex.org/W4231109964","https://openalex.org/W6603443027","https://openalex.org/W6632776523","https://openalex.org/W6664298863","https://openalex.org/W6836751397"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2953234277","https://openalex.org/W2626256601","https://openalex.org/W2900413183","https://openalex.org/W4390975304","https://openalex.org/W147410782","https://openalex.org/W3022252430","https://openalex.org/W3103989898","https://openalex.org/W4287804464","https://openalex.org/W803346624","https://openalex.org/W2810679507"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Convolutional":[0],"autoencoders":[1,78,144],"(CAEs)":[2],"are":[3,53],"unsupervised":[4],"feature":[5,40,124],"extractors":[6],"for":[7,79,136],"high-resolution":[8],"images.":[9],"In":[10],"the":[11,37,68,90,97,113,121,137],"pre-processing":[12],"step,":[13],"whitening":[14,71,100,131],"transformation":[15],"has":[16],"widely":[17],"been":[18],"adopted":[19],"to":[20,35,66,95],"remove":[21],"redundancy":[22],"by":[23,130],"making":[24],"adjacent":[25],"pixels":[26],"less":[27],"correlated.":[28],"Pooling":[29],"is":[30,65,118],"a":[31],"biologically":[32],"inspired":[33],"operation":[34],"reduce":[36],"resolution":[38],"of":[39,92,99,115,123,139],"maps":[41],"and":[42,73,145],"achieve":[43],"spatial":[44],"invariance":[45],"in":[46,57,76,103,142],"convolutional":[47,77,143,147],"neural":[48,148],"networks.":[49,149],"Conventionally,":[50],"pooling":[51,74,86,102,116,140],"methods":[52,141],"mainly":[54],"determined":[55],"empirically":[56],"most":[58],"previous":[59],"work.":[60],"Therefore,":[61],"our":[62],"main":[63],"purpose":[64],"study":[67],"relationship":[69],"between":[70],"processing":[72],"operations":[75],"image":[80],"classification.":[81],"We":[82],"propose":[83],"an":[84],"adaptive":[85],"approach":[87],"based":[88],"on":[89,101,108],"concepts":[91],"information":[93],"entropy":[94],"test":[96],"effect":[98],"different":[104],"conditions.":[105],"Experimental":[106],"results":[107],"benchmark":[109],"datasets":[110],"indicate":[111],"that":[112],"performance":[114],"strategies":[117],"associated":[119],"with":[120],"distribution":[122],"activations,":[125],"which":[126],"can":[127],"be":[128],"affected":[129],"processing.":[132],"This":[133],"provides":[134],"guidance":[135],"selection":[138],"other":[146]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-28T07:46:37.118299","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
