{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2809178438","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13326-018-0184-y","title":"Adverse event detection by integrating twitter data and VAERS","display_name":"Adverse event detection by integrating twitter data and VAERS","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-06-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2809178438","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13326-018-0184-y","mag":"2809178438","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29925405"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13326-018-0184-y","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13326-018-0184-y","pdf_url":"https://jbiomedsem.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s13326-018-0184-y","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S172276550","display_name":"Journal of Biomedical Semantics","issn_l":"2041-1480","issn":["2041-1480"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Biomedical Semantics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://jbiomedsem.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s13326-018-0184-y","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100619909","display_name":"Junxiang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6635-4296"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162714631","display_name":"George Mason University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jqj7156","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junxiang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Science and Technology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Science and Technology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048756500","display_name":"Liang Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2648-9989"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162714631","display_name":"George Mason University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jqj7156","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liang Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Science and Technology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Science and Technology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101586436","display_name":"Yanfang Ye","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8376-7239"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12097938","display_name":"West Virginia University","ror":"https://ror.org/011vxgd24","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12097938"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanfang Ye","raw_affiliation_strings":["Benjamin M. Statler College of Engineering and Mineral Resources, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA","Lane Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Benjamin M. Statler College of Engineering and Mineral Resources, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12097938"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lane Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12097938"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000223629","display_name":"Yuji Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5429-6762"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126744593","display_name":"University of Maryland, Baltimore","ror":"https://ror.org/04rq5mt64","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126744593"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1315496137","display_name":"University of Maryland Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/00sde4n60","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1315496137","https://openalex.org/I14285509"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4390039317","display_name":"University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center","ror":"https://ror.org/01vft3j45","country_code":null,"type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14285509","https://openalex.org/I4390039317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yuji Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. Yuzhang@som.umaryland.edu","Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA. Yuzhang@som.umaryland.edu","Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5429-6762","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. Yuzhang@som.umaryland.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126744593"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA. Yuzhang@som.umaryland.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126744593","https://openalex.org/I1315496137"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126744593","https://openalex.org/I4390039317"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5000223629"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126744593","https://openalex.org/I1315496137","https://openalex.org/I4390039317"],"apc_list":{"value":1340,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1340},"apc_paid":{"value":1340,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1340},"fwci":2.554,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89845149,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"1","first_page":"19","last_page":"19"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11819","display_name":"Data-Driven Disease Surveillance","score":0.583299994468689,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11819","display_name":"Data-Driven Disease Surveillance","score":0.583299994468689,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11943","display_name":"Pharmacovigilance and Adverse Drug Reactions","score":0.16820000112056732,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3005","display_name":"Toxicology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11550","display_name":"Text and Document Classification Technologies","score":0.027499999850988388,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8436439037322998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-media","display_name":"Social media","score":0.7468935251235962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.6538121104240417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adverse-event-reporting-system","display_name":"Adverse Event Reporting System","score":0.6494544744491577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/event","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","score":0.5375845432281494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.5023367404937744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4767930507659912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.4283742308616638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3747737407684326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adverse-effect","display_name":"Adverse effect","score":0.2286641001701355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.17442303895950317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.14692699909210205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.10718995332717896}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8436439037322998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518677369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202833","display_name":"Social media","level":2,"score":0.7468935251235962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.6538121104240417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777105317","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4686710","display_name":"Adverse Event Reporting System","level":3,"score":0.6494544744491577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779662365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5416694","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","level":2,"score":0.5375845432281494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5023367404937744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4767930507659912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.4283742308616638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3747737407684326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197934379","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2047938","display_name":"Adverse effect","level":2,"score":0.2286641001701355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.17442303895950317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.14692699909210205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.10718995332717896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D014612","descriptor_name":"Vaccines","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014612","descriptor_name":"Vaccines","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014612","descriptor_name":"Vaccines","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016907","descriptor_name":"Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016907","descriptor_name":"Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016907","descriptor_name":"Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D057225","descriptor_name":"Data Mining","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D057225","descriptor_name":"Data Mining","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D057225","descriptor_name":"Data Mining","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D061108","descriptor_name":"Social Media","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D061108","descriptor_name":"Social Media","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D061108","descriptor_name":"Social Media","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13326-018-0184-y","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13326-018-0184-y","pdf_url":"https://jbiomedsem.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s13326-018-0184-y","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S172276550","display_name":"Journal of Biomedical Semantics","issn_l":"2041-1480","issn":["2041-1480"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Biomedical Semantics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:29925405","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29925405","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of biomedical semantics","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:researchrepository.wvu.edu:faculty_publications-2521","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/faculty_publications/1531","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402612","display_name":"The Research Repository @ WVU (West Virginia University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I12097938","host_organization_name":"West Virginia University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12097938"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Faculty & Staff Scholarship","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d4779b649e5948e98d1eeb08cd8f8538","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d4779b649e5948e98d1eeb08cd8f8538","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Biomedical Semantics, Vol 9, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2018)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:4969253","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC6011255","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6011255","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6011255","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"J Biomed Semantics","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13326-018-0184-y","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13326-018-0184-y","pdf_url":"https://jbiomedsem.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s13326-018-0184-y","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S172276550","display_name":"Journal of Biomedical Semantics","issn_l":"2041-1480","issn":["2041-1480"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Biomedical Semantics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"No poverty","score":0.46000000834465027,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1445471398","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"P30 CA134274","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","funder_display_name":"National Cancer Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6080774854","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"P30CA134274","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","funder_display_name":"National Cancer Institute"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","display_name":"National Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2809178438.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2809178438.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W107610923","https://openalex.org/W1984939154","https://openalex.org/W1995341919","https://openalex.org/W2007628554","https://openalex.org/W2039376378","https://openalex.org/W2048827870","https://openalex.org/W2097114106","https://openalex.org/W2102742655","https://openalex.org/W2108745803","https://openalex.org/W2110119381","https://openalex.org/W2118585731","https://openalex.org/W2124650320","https://openalex.org/W2139188905","https://openalex.org/W2139212933","https://openalex.org/W2140013053","https://openalex.org/W2152552514","https://openalex.org/W2164641162","https://openalex.org/W2166738840","https://openalex.org/W2220150325","https://openalex.org/W2252067781","https://openalex.org/W2318653171","https://openalex.org/W2339592546","https://openalex.org/W2354870669","https://openalex.org/W2415373024","https://openalex.org/W2417936835","https://openalex.org/W2522381472","https://openalex.org/W2589122103","https://openalex.org/W3103314642","https://openalex.org/W6677656871"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W17155033","https://openalex.org/W3207760230","https://openalex.org/W1496222301","https://openalex.org/W4312814274","https://openalex.org/W1590307681","https://openalex.org/W2536018345","https://openalex.org/W4285370786","https://openalex.org/W2296488620","https://openalex.org/W2358353312"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Vaccine":[1,115],"has":[2],"been":[3],"one":[4],"of":[5,82,148,206,216,223,268,275,281,295],"the":[6,83,114,146,155,203,214,221,230,266,272,279,293],"most":[7],"successful":[8,55],"public":[9],"health":[10],"interventions":[11],"to":[12,57,123,144,153,167,175,252],"date.":[13],"However,":[14],"vaccines":[15],"are":[16,28],"pharmaceutical":[17],"products":[18],"that":[19,23,185,238],"carry":[20],"risks":[21],"so":[22],"many":[24],"adverse":[25,34],"events":[26],"(AEs)":[27],"reported":[29],"after":[30,127],"receiving":[31],"vaccines.":[32],"Traditional":[33],"event":[35],"reporting":[36,93],"systems":[37,94],"suffer":[38],"from":[39,72,91],"several":[40],"crucial":[41],"challenges":[42,74,90],"including":[43],"poor":[44],"timeliness.":[45],"This":[46],"motivates":[47],"increasing":[48],"social":[49,67,96,141,261,282],"media-based":[50,68],"detection":[51,70,277],"systems,":[52],"which":[53,135],"demonstrate":[54,265],"capability":[56],"capture":[58],"timely":[59],"and":[60,79,95,103,113,243,289],"prevalent":[61],"disease":[62],"information.":[63],"Despite":[64],"these":[65],"advantages,":[66],"AE":[69,276],"suffers":[71],"serious":[73],"such":[75],"as":[76],"labor-intensive":[77],"labeling":[78],"class":[80,156],"imbalance":[81,157],"training":[84,231],"data.":[85,263],"RESULTS:":[86],"To":[87],"tackle":[88],"both":[89],"traditional":[92],"media,":[97],"we":[98,131],"exploit":[99],"their":[100],"complementary":[101],"strength":[102],"develop":[104],"a":[105,159,250],"combinatorial":[106],"classification":[107],"approach":[108],"by":[109,256],"integrating":[110],"Twitter":[111,194],"data":[112,143,195,284],"Adverse":[116],"Event":[117],"Reporting":[118],"System":[119],"(VAERS)":[120],"information":[121],"aiming":[122],"identify":[124],"potential":[125],"AEs":[126,255],"influenza":[128],"vaccine.":[129],"Specifically,":[130],"combine":[132],"formal":[133,199,224,258,269],"reports":[134,200,225,259,270],"have":[136,248],"accurately":[137],"predefined":[138],"labels":[139],"with":[140,180,260],"media":[142,262,283],"reduce":[145],"cost":[147],"manual":[149],"labeling;":[150],"in":[151],"order":[152],"combat":[154],"problem,":[158],"max-rule":[160],"based":[161],"multi-instance":[162,187,208],"learning":[163,188,209],"method":[164],"is":[165],"proposed":[166],"bias":[168],"positive":[169],"users.":[170],"Various":[171,287],"experiments":[172,288],"were":[173,196],"conducted":[174],"validate":[176],"our":[177,207,239,296],"model":[178,240],"compared":[179],"other":[181,217],"baselines.":[182],"We":[183,247,264],"observed":[184],"(1)":[186],"methods":[189,210],"outperformed":[190],"baselines":[191,218],"when":[192,229,278],"only":[193],"used;":[197],"(2)":[198],"helped":[201],"improve":[202],"performance":[204,215,273],"metrics":[205],"consistently":[211],"while":[212],"affecting":[213],"negatively;":[219],"(3)":[220],"effect":[222],"was":[226,233,285],"more":[227],"obvious":[228],"size":[232],"smaller.":[234],"Case":[235],"studies":[236,291],"show":[237,292],"labeled":[241],"users":[242],"tweets":[244],"accurately.":[245],"CONCLUSIONS:":[246],"developed":[249],"framework":[251],"detect":[253],"vaccine":[254],"combining":[257],"power":[267],"on":[271],"improvement":[274],"amount":[280],"small.":[286],"case":[290],"effectiveness":[294],"model.":[297]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}