{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4410077805","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13321-025-01007-2","title":"Prediction of blood\u2013brain barrier and Caco-2 permeability through the Enalos Cloud Platform: combining contrastive learning and atom-attention message passing neural networks","display_name":"Prediction of blood\u2013brain barrier and Caco-2 permeability through the Enalos Cloud Platform: combining contrastive learning and atom-attention message passing neural networks","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-05-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4410077805","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13321-025-01007-2","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40325398"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13321-025-01007-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13321-025-01007-2","pdf_url":"https://jcheminf.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13321-025-01007-2","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S180838163","display_name":"Journal of Cheminformatics","issn_l":"1758-2946","issn":["1758-2946"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Cheminformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://jcheminf.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13321-025-01007-2","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048996361","display_name":"Nikoletta-Maria Koutroumpa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8332-9690"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139688","display_name":"NovaMechanics (Cyprus)","ror":"https://ror.org/03wwn0z54","country_code":"CY","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210139688"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174458059","display_name":"National Technical University of Athens","ror":"https://ror.org/03cx6bg69","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174458059"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101800","display_name":"Larnaca College","ror":"https://ror.org/013cxrg50","country_code":"CY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210101800"]}],"countries":["CY","GR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nikoletta-Maria Koutroumpa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Entelos Institute, 6059, Larnaca, Cyprus","NovaMechanics Ltd, 1070, Nicosia, Cyprus","School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 157 80, Athens, Greece"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Entelos Institute, 6059, Larnaca, Cyprus","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101800"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"NovaMechanics Ltd, 1070, Nicosia, Cyprus","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139688"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 157 80, Athens, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174458059"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008477377","display_name":"Andreas Tsoumanis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8512-4509"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139688","display_name":"NovaMechanics (Cyprus)","ror":"https://ror.org/03wwn0z54","country_code":"CY","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210139688"]}],"countries":["CY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andreas Tsoumanis","raw_affiliation_strings":["NovaMechanics Ltd, 1070, Nicosia, Cyprus"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NovaMechanics Ltd, 1070, Nicosia, Cyprus","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139688"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017246181","display_name":"Haralambos Sarimveis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8607-9965"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174458059","display_name":"National Technical University of Athens","ror":"https://ror.org/03cx6bg69","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174458059"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haralambos Sarimveis","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 157 80, Athens, Greece"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 157 80, Athens, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174458059"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085054719","display_name":"Iseult Lynch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4250-4584"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79619799","display_name":"University of Birmingham","ror":"https://ror.org/03angcq70","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Iseult Lynch","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053054748","display_name":"Georgia Melagraki","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7547-2342"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24897511","display_name":"Hellenic Military Academy","ror":"https://ror.org/01esc8r67","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24897511"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Georgia Melagraki","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Physical Sciences & Applications, Hellenic Military Academy, 166 73, Vari, Greece"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Physical Sciences & Applications, Hellenic Military Academy, 166 73, Vari, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24897511"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088194977","display_name":"Antreas Afantitis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0977-8180"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antreas Afantitis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Entelos Institute, 6059, Larnaca, Cyprus. afantitis@novamechanics.com","NovaMechanics Ltd, 1070, Nicosia, Cyprus. afantitis@novamechanics.com","NovaMechanics MIKE, 185 45, Piraeus, Greece. afantitis@novamechanics.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Entelos Institute, 6059, Larnaca, Cyprus. afantitis@novamechanics.com","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"NovaMechanics Ltd, 1070, Nicosia, Cyprus. afantitis@novamechanics.com","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"NovaMechanics MIKE, 185 45, Piraeus, Greece. afantitis@novamechanics.com","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5048996361"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174458059","https://openalex.org/I4210101800","https://openalex.org/I4210139688"],"apc_list":{"value":1290,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1582},"apc_paid":{"value":1290,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1582},"fwci":3.9272,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93459451,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"1","first_page":"68","last_page":"68"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10211","display_name":"Computational Drug Discovery Methods","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10211","display_name":"Computational Drug Discovery Methods","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10570","display_name":"Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11948","display_name":"Machine Learning in Materials Science","score":0.9937999844551086,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7275598049163818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.592409610748291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5752618312835693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5552072525024414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.5295007228851318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.43515127897262573}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7275598049163818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.592409610748291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5752618312835693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5552072525024414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.5295007228851318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.43515127897262573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13321-025-01007-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13321-025-01007-2","pdf_url":"https://jcheminf.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13321-025-01007-2","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S180838163","display_name":"Journal of Cheminformatics","issn_l":"1758-2946","issn":["1758-2946"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Cheminformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:40325398","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40325398","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of cheminformatics","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:openaire/01601900-8147-4cca-9ff7-003042063547","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.birmingham.ac.uk/en/publications/01601900-8147-4cca-9ff7-003042063547","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402634","display_name":"University of Birmingham Research Portal (University of Birmingham)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79619799","host_organization_name":"University of Birmingham","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Koutroumpa, N M, Tsoumanis, A, Sarimveis, H, Lynch, I, Melagraki, G & Afantitis, A 2025, 'Prediction of blood\u2013brain barrier and Caco-2 permeability through the Enalos Cloud Platform : combining contrastive learning and atom-attention message passing neural networks', Journal of Cheminformatics, vol. 17, 68. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13321-025-01007-2","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:12051285","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12051285","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"J Cheminform","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:7809d867b6164727a3a3a43d5f0ef644","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/7809d867b6164727a3a3a43d5f0ef644","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Cheminformatics, Vol 17, Iss 1, Pp 1-20 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13321-025-01007-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13321-025-01007-2","pdf_url":"https://jcheminf.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13321-025-01007-2","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S180838163","display_name":"Journal of Cheminformatics","issn_l":"1758-2946","issn":["1758-2946"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Cheminformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.7200000286102295}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1606249465","display_name":"Training experts in antigen processing  to deliver new drug prototypes for cancer and autoimmune diseases","funder_award_id":"954992","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2945415642","display_name":"Conservation of European Biodiversity through Exploitation of Traditional Herbal Knowledge for the Development of Innovative Products","funder_award_id":"823973","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4937468798","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"H2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7842005466","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Horizon 2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8959335666","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"823973","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","funder_display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4410077805.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4410077805.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":59,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1757990252","https://openalex.org/W1895993106","https://openalex.org/W1964426728","https://openalex.org/W1975147762","https://openalex.org/W1981393953","https://openalex.org/W1988037271","https://openalex.org/W2033757486","https://openalex.org/W2040459007","https://openalex.org/W2042323163","https://openalex.org/W2060531713","https://openalex.org/W2131241448","https://openalex.org/W2138831240","https://openalex.org/W2305293558","https://openalex.org/W2340782621","https://openalex.org/W2503169225","https://openalex.org/W2606780347","https://openalex.org/W2609395126","https://openalex.org/W2777416523","https://openalex.org/W2785583859","https://openalex.org/W2788652239","https://openalex.org/W2915799187","https://openalex.org/W2966357564","https://openalex.org/W2968734407","https://openalex.org/W2994626356","https://openalex.org/W2995298549","https://openalex.org/W2997682842","https://openalex.org/W3005680577","https://openalex.org/W3018495986","https://openalex.org/W3038823641","https://openalex.org/W3049517558","https://openalex.org/W3073217148","https://openalex.org/W3095602948","https://openalex.org/W3095883070","https://openalex.org/W3098062507","https://openalex.org/W3098370560","https://openalex.org/W3106310231","https://openalex.org/W3107370760","https://openalex.org/W3110901318","https://openalex.org/W3118566429","https://openalex.org/W3135622340","https://openalex.org/W3165665091","https://openalex.org/W3170424177","https://openalex.org/W3190247062","https://openalex.org/W3208039415","https://openalex.org/W3215452784","https://openalex.org/W4214868967","https://openalex.org/W4283367795","https://openalex.org/W4293199734","https://openalex.org/W4296614628","https://openalex.org/W4297734170","https://openalex.org/W4317369563","https://openalex.org/W4321227311","https://openalex.org/W4321614295","https://openalex.org/W4322102662","https://openalex.org/W4381679608","https://openalex.org/W4385064217","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W4388845139","https://openalex.org/W4396610000"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2731899572","https://openalex.org/W2961085424","https://openalex.org/W3215138031","https://openalex.org/W4306674287","https://openalex.org/W3009238340","https://openalex.org/W4360585206","https://openalex.org/W4321369474","https://openalex.org/W4285208911","https://openalex.org/W4387369504","https://openalex.org/W3082895349"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"study,":[2],"we":[3,42],"introduce":[4],"a":[5,29,110],"novel":[6],"approach":[7],"for":[8,59,202],"predicting":[9,69],"two":[10],"key":[11],"drug":[12,78,120,134],"properties,":[13],"blood-brain":[14],"barrier":[15],"(BBB)":[16],"permeability":[17,73],"and":[18,55,71,80,94,128,173,186,205],"human":[19,138],"intestinal":[20],"absorption":[21,79],"via":[22],"Caco-2":[23,72],"permeability.":[24],"Our":[25,141,160],"methodology":[26],"centers":[27],"around":[28],"specialized":[30],"neural":[31],"network,":[32],"the":[33,51,85,104,119,130,137,167,189,203],"atom":[34],"transformer-based":[35],"Message":[36,146],"Passing":[37,147],"Neural":[38,148],"Network":[39,149],"(MPNN),":[40],"which":[41,82,108,155],"have":[43],"combined":[44],"with":[45,151],"contrastive":[46,152],"learning":[47,153,164],"techniques":[48],"to":[49,125,165,176,199],"enhance":[50],"process":[52],"of":[53,88,132],"representing":[54],"embedding":[56],"molecular":[57,180],"structures":[58],"more":[60],"accurate":[61],"property":[62],"prediction.":[63],"These":[64],"innovative":[65],"models":[66,98],"focus":[67,177],"on":[68,178,194],"BBB":[70],"-two":[74],"critical":[75,179],"factors":[76],"in":[77,171],"distribution-":[81],"fall":[83],"under":[84],"broader":[86],"scope":[87],"ADMET":[89],"(absorption,":[90],"distribution,":[91],"metabolism,":[92],"excretion,":[93],"toxicity)":[95],"properties.":[96],"The":[97],"are":[99],"readily":[100],"accessible":[101],"online":[102],"through":[103],"Enalos":[105],"Cloud":[106],"Platform":[107],"offers":[109],"user-friendly,":[111],"AI-powered,":[112],"ready-to-use":[113,190],"web":[114,191],"service":[115,192],"that":[116],"significantly":[117,156],"streamlines":[118],"design":[121],"process,":[122],"enabling":[123],"users":[124],"easily":[126],"predict":[127],"understand":[129],"behavior":[131],"potential":[133],"compounds":[135],"within":[136],"body.Scientific":[139],"Contribution":[140],"study":[142],"combines":[143],"an":[144],"atom-attention":[145],"(AA-MPNN)":[150],"(CL),":[154],"improves":[157],"predictive":[158,200],"accuracy.":[159],"model":[161,184,196],"leverages":[162],"self-supervised":[163],"expand":[166],"chemical":[168],"space":[169],"used":[170],"training":[172],"self-attention":[174],"mechanisms":[175],"features,":[181],"enhancing":[182],"both":[183],"accuracy":[185],"interpretability.":[187],"Additionally,":[188],"based":[193],"our":[195],"democratizes":[197],"access":[198],"tools":[201],"scientific":[204],"regulatory":[206],"communities.":[207]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-05-02T08:42:23.175194","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}