{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408855778","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13321-025-00982-w","title":"Publishing neural networks in drug discovery might compromise training data privacy","display_name":"Publishing neural networks in drug discovery might compromise training data privacy","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-03-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408855778","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13321-025-00982-w","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40140934"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13321-025-00982-w","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13321-025-00982-w","pdf_url":"https://jcheminf.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13321-025-00982-w","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S180838163","display_name":"Journal of Cheminformatics","issn_l":"1758-2946","issn":["1758-2946"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Cheminformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://jcheminf.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13321-025-00982-w","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5116803584","display_name":"Fabian P. Kr\u00fcger","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3018134672","display_name":"Helmholtz Zentrum M\u00fcnchen","ror":"https://ror.org/00cfam450","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I3018134672"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143795","display_name":"AstraZeneca (Sweden)","ror":"https://ror.org/04wwrrg31","country_code":"SE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I105036370","https://openalex.org/I4210143795"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149356","display_name":"Target (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/04kmxp840","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1320354487","https://openalex.org/I4210149356"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE","SE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Fabian P. Kr\u00fcger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Discovery Sciences, Molecular AI, AstraZeneca R&D, M\u00f6lndal, 431 83, Sweden. fabian.krueger@tum.de","Molecular Targets and Therapeutics Center, Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Munich - Deutsches Forschungszentrum F\u00fcr Gesundheit Und Umwelt (GmbH), Neuherberg, 85764, Germany. fabian.krueger@tum.de","TUM School of Computation, Information and Technology, Department of Mathematics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, 80333, Germany. fabian.krueger@tum.de","Molecular Targets and Therapeutics Center, Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Munich - Deutsches Forschungszentrum F\u00fcr Gesundheit Und Umwelt (GmbH), Neuherberg, 85764, Germany","Discovery Sciences, Molecular AI, AstraZeneca R&D, M\u00f6lndal, 431 83, Sweden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Discovery Sciences, Molecular AI, AstraZeneca R&D, M\u00f6lndal, 431 83, Sweden. fabian.krueger@tum.de","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143795"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Molecular Targets and Therapeutics Center, Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Munich - Deutsches Forschungszentrum F\u00fcr Gesundheit Und Umwelt (GmbH), Neuherberg, 85764, Germany. fabian.krueger@tum.de","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3018134672"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"TUM School of Computation, Information and Technology, Department of Mathematics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, 80333, Germany. fabian.krueger@tum.de","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Molecular Targets and Therapeutics Center, Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Munich - Deutsches Forschungszentrum F\u00fcr Gesundheit Und Umwelt (GmbH), Neuherberg, 85764, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3018134672","https://openalex.org/I4210149356"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Discovery Sciences, Molecular AI, AstraZeneca R&D, M\u00f6lndal, 431 83, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103131745","display_name":"Johan \u00d6stman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4138-0508"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Johan \u00d6stman","raw_affiliation_strings":["AI Sweden, Gothenburg, 41756, Sweden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AI Sweden, Gothenburg, 41756, Sweden","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088554828","display_name":"Lewis Mervin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7271-0824"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I105036370","display_name":"AstraZeneca (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/04r9x1a08","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I105036370"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lewis Mervin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Discovery Sciences, Molecular AI, AstraZeneca R&D, Cambridge, CB2 0AA, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Discovery Sciences, Molecular AI, AstraZeneca R&D, Cambridge, CB2 0AA, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I105036370"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067679577","display_name":"Igor V. Tetko","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6855-0012"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3018134672","display_name":"Helmholtz Zentrum M\u00fcnchen","ror":"https://ror.org/00cfam450","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I3018134672"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149356","display_name":"Target (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/04kmxp840","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1320354487","https://openalex.org/I4210149356"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Igor V. Tetko","raw_affiliation_strings":["Molecular Targets and Therapeutics Center, Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Munich - Deutsches Forschungszentrum F\u00fcr Gesundheit Und Umwelt (GmbH), Neuherberg, 85764, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Molecular Targets and Therapeutics Center, Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Munich - Deutsches Forschungszentrum F\u00fcr Gesundheit Und Umwelt (GmbH), Neuherberg, 85764, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3018134672","https://openalex.org/I4210149356"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076975589","display_name":"Ola Engkvist","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4970-6461"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143795","display_name":"AstraZeneca (Sweden)","ror":"https://ror.org/04wwrrg31","country_code":"SE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I105036370","https://openalex.org/I4210143795"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66862912","display_name":"Chalmers University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/040wg7k59","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ola Engkvist","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, 412 96, Sweden","Discovery Sciences, Molecular AI, AstraZeneca R&D, M\u00f6lndal, 431 83, Sweden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, 412 96, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Discovery Sciences, Molecular AI, AstraZeneca R&D, M\u00f6lndal, 431 83, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143795"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5116803584"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3018134672","https://openalex.org/I4210143795","https://openalex.org/I4210149356","https://openalex.org/I62916508"],"apc_list":{"value":1290,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1582},"apc_paid":{"value":1290,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1582},"fwci":0.5238,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.59652605,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"1","first_page":"38","last_page":"38"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11948","display_name":"Machine Learning in Materials Science","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11948","display_name":"Machine Learning in Materials Science","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10211","display_name":"Computational Drug Discovery Methods","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.911899983882904,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7612600326538086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/confidentiality","display_name":"Confidentiality","score":0.7244541049003601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.6448550224304199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.6287222504615784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.5872412323951721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/openness-to-experience","display_name":"Openness to experience","score":0.5590853095054626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5481834411621094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.47806575894355774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-privacy","display_name":"Information privacy","score":0.4506266415119171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4043307900428772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3820016384124756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.3489570617675781}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7612600326538086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71745522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2476929","display_name":"Confidentiality","level":2,"score":0.7244541049003601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.6448550224304199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6287222504615784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.5872412323951721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84976871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2015673","display_name":"Openness to experience","level":2,"score":0.5590853095054626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5481834411621094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.47806575894355774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123201435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q456632","display_name":"Information privacy","level":2,"score":0.4506266415119171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4043307900428772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3820016384124756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3489570617675781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13321-025-00982-w","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13321-025-00982-w","pdf_url":"https://jcheminf.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13321-025-00982-w","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S180838163","display_name":"Journal of Cheminformatics","issn_l":"1758-2946","issn":["1758-2946"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Cheminformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:40140934","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40140934","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of cheminformatics","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a6cea2c2b9ff4b3a92d2826ab16039e8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a6cea2c2b9ff4b3a92d2826ab16039e8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Cheminformatics, Vol 17, Iss 1, Pp 1-17 (2025)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:10760172","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11948693","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mediatum.ub.tum.de:node/1791991","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://mediatum.ub.tum.de/1791991","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13321-025-00982-w","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13321-025-00982-w","pdf_url":"https://jcheminf.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13321-025-00982-w","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S180838163","display_name":"Journal of Cheminformatics","issn_l":"1758-2946","issn":["1758-2946"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Cheminformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2931248395","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023-03000","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321030","funder_display_name":"VINNOVA"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5567142093","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"101120466","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338453","funder_display_name":"HORIZON EUROPE European Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321030","display_name":"VINNOVA","ror":"https://ror.org/01kd5m353"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338453","display_name":"HORIZON EUROPE European Research Council","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4408855778.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1975147762","https://openalex.org/W1981066521","https://openalex.org/W1981276685","https://openalex.org/W1988037271","https://openalex.org/W2009456532","https://openalex.org/W2054203041","https://openalex.org/W2066532920","https://openalex.org/W2200017991","https://openalex.org/W2406943157","https://openalex.org/W2535690855","https://openalex.org/W2790808809","https://openalex.org/W2937307539","https://openalex.org/W2949676527","https://openalex.org/W2966357564","https://openalex.org/W3023042104","https://openalex.org/W3108232649","https://openalex.org/W3189831819","https://openalex.org/W3196507771","https://openalex.org/W3206855510","https://openalex.org/W4205460523","https://openalex.org/W4288057780","https://openalex.org/W4308410483","https://openalex.org/W4385679781","https://openalex.org/W4387955529","https://openalex.org/W4388455891"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4387497383","https://openalex.org/W3183948672","https://openalex.org/W3173606202","https://openalex.org/W3110381201","https://openalex.org/W2948807893","https://openalex.org/W2935909890","https://openalex.org/W2778153218","https://openalex.org/W2758277628","https://openalex.org/W1531601525","https://openalex.org/W2007906249"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1],"investigates":[2],"the":[3,38,80,127,146],"risks":[4,60,113],"of":[5,40,114],"exposing":[6],"confidential":[7],"chemical":[8,139],"structures":[9,17],"when":[10,132],"machine":[11],"learning":[12],"models":[13,116],"trained":[14,136],"on":[15,137],"these":[16,73,104],"are":[18,86],"made":[19],"publicly":[20],"available.":[21],"We":[22,89,106],"use":[23],"membership":[24],"inference":[25],"attacks,":[26],"a":[27,52,108],"common":[28],"method":[29],"to":[30,43,110],"assess":[31,111],"privacy":[32,59,112],"that":[33,92],"is":[34],"largely":[35],"unexplored":[36],"in":[37,51,83],"context":[39],"drug":[41,84],"discovery,":[42,85],"examine":[44],"neural":[45,66,100,134],"networks":[46,101,135],"for":[47,129],"molecular":[48,118],"property":[49],"prediction":[50],"black-box":[53],"setting.":[54],"Our":[55,124],"results":[56],"reveal":[57],"significant":[58],"across":[61],"all":[62],"evaluated":[63],"datasets":[64],"and":[65,97,117,143,151],"network":[67],"architectures.":[68],"Combining":[69],"multiple":[70],"attacks":[71],"increases":[72],"risks.":[74,105],"Molecules":[75],"from":[76],"minority":[77],"classes,":[78],"often":[79],"most":[81],"valuable":[82],"particularly":[87],"vulnerable.":[88],"also":[90],"found":[91],"representing":[93],"molecules":[94],"as":[95],"graphs":[96],"using":[98],"message-passing":[99],"may":[102],"mitigate":[103],"provide":[107],"framework":[109],"classification":[115],"representations,":[119],"available":[120],"at":[121],"https://github.com/FabianKruger/molprivacy":[122],".":[123],"findings":[125],"highlight":[126],"need":[128],"careful":[130],"consideration":[131],"sharing":[133],"proprietary":[138],"structures,":[140],"informing":[141],"organisations":[142],"researchers":[144],"about":[145],"trade-offs":[147],"between":[148],"data":[149],"confidentiality":[150],"model":[152],"openness.":[153]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T14:29:43.386196","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}