{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2887459817","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13321-018-0293-8","title":"PubChem chemical structure standardization","display_name":"PubChem chemical structure standardization","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-08-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2887459817","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13321-018-0293-8","mag":"2887459817","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30097821"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13321-018-0293-8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13321-018-0293-8","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s13321-018-0293-8.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S180838163","display_name":"Journal of Cheminformatics","issn_l":"1758-2946","issn":["1758-2946"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Cheminformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s13321-018-0293-8.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044443830","display_name":"Volker H\u00e4hnke","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4032-7601"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101983","display_name":"European Patent Organisation","ror":"https://ror.org/016vvkz13","country_code":"NL","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210101983"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210109390","display_name":"National Center for Biotechnology Information","ror":"https://ror.org/02meqm098","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I2800548410","https://openalex.org/I4210109390"]}],"countries":["NL","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Volker D. H\u00e4hnke","raw_affiliation_strings":["European Patent Office, Patentlaan 2, 2288 EE, Rijswijk, The Netherlands","National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD, 20894, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"European Patent Office, Patentlaan 2, 2288 EE, Rijswijk, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101983"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD, 20894, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210109390"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100430147","display_name":"Sunghwan Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9828-2074"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210109390","display_name":"National Center for Biotechnology Information","ror":"https://ror.org/02meqm098","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I2800548410","https://openalex.org/I4210109390"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sunghwan Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD, 20894, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9828-2074","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD, 20894, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210109390"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015494748","display_name":"Evan Bolton","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5959-6190"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210109390","display_name":"National Center for Biotechnology Information","ror":"https://ror.org/02meqm098","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I2800548410","https://openalex.org/I4210109390"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Evan E. Bolton","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD, 20894, USA. bolton@ncbi.nlm.nih.gov","National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD, 20894, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5959-6190","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD, 20894, USA. bolton@ncbi.nlm.nih.gov","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210109390"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD, 20894, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210109390"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5015494748"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210109390"],"apc_list":{"value":2190,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2190},"apc_paid":{"value":2190,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2190},"fwci":9.1262,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":172,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98379111,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"1","first_page":"36","last_page":"36"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10211","display_name":"Computational Drug Discovery Methods","score":0.4189000129699707,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10211","display_name":"Computational Drug Discovery Methods","score":0.4189000129699707,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12527","display_name":"Chemistry and Stereochemistry Studies","score":0.12770000100135803,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1605","display_name":"Organic Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13297","display_name":"History and advancements in chemistry","score":0.09220000356435776,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1606","display_name":"Physical and Theoretical Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pubchem","display_name":"PubChem","score":0.9894818067550659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/standardization","display_name":"Standardization","score":0.9535673260688782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemical-nomenclature","display_name":"Chemical nomenclature","score":0.6559690237045288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5836117267608643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.43002721667289734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4191960394382477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.2581148147583008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organic-chemistry","display_name":"Organic chemistry","score":0.10641634464263916}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158180186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q278487","display_name":"PubChem","level":2,"score":0.9894818067550659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188087704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q369577","display_name":"Standardization","level":2,"score":0.9535673260688782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125832229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6503924","display_name":"Chemical nomenclature","level":2,"score":0.6559690237045288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5836117267608643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.43002721667289734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4191960394382477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.2581148147583008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.10641634464263916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13321-018-0293-8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13321-018-0293-8","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s13321-018-0293-8.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S180838163","display_name":"Journal of Cheminformatics","issn_l":"1758-2946","issn":["1758-2946"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Cheminformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:30097821","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30097821","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of cheminformatics","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:22ad18a5ff6f478e8b0f14e3c88a2e7f","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/22ad18a5ff6f478e8b0f14e3c88a2e7f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Cheminformatics, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-40 (2018)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:5049401","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6086778","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13321-018-0293-8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13321-018-0293-8","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s13321-018-0293-8.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S180838163","display_name":"Journal of Cheminformatics","issn_l":"1758-2946","issn":["1758-2946"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Cheminformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","score":0.5699999928474426}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306085","display_name":"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services","ror":"https://ror.org/033jnv181"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329591","display_name":"Lomonosov Moscow State University","ror":"https://ror.org/010pmpe69"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337372","display_name":"U.S. National Library of Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/0060t0j89"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2887459817.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2887459817.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":100,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W595758097","https://openalex.org/W1496195305","https://openalex.org/W1508604947","https://openalex.org/W1524660474","https://openalex.org/W1829312150","https://openalex.org/W1966161686","https://openalex.org/W1966509121","https://openalex.org/W1972650279","https://openalex.org/W1975147762","https://openalex.org/W1978328389","https://openalex.org/W1978430591","https://openalex.org/W1978639115","https://openalex.org/W1980090013","https://openalex.org/W1983283443","https://openalex.org/W1983464445","https://openalex.org/W1985073853","https://openalex.org/W1986378419","https://openalex.org/W1988598882","https://openalex.org/W1989727052","https://openalex.org/W1990724722","https://openalex.org/W1998848097","https://openalex.org/W1999842208","https://openalex.org/W2000061529","https://openalex.org/W2008732224","https://openalex.org/W2010099233","https://openalex.org/W2012290278","https://openalex.org/W2016455326","https://openalex.org/W2016965940","https://openalex.org/W2023182702","https://openalex.org/W2023550615","https://openalex.org/W2023839852","https://openalex.org/W2024006233","https://openalex.org/W2032198189","https://openalex.org/W2036578811","https://openalex.org/W2038080389","https://openalex.org/W2038702914","https://openalex.org/W2041894826","https://openalex.org/W2044834685","https://openalex.org/W2045873232","https://openalex.org/W2046336719","https://openalex.org/W2048563399","https://openalex.org/W2048620093","https://openalex.org/W2049126012","https://openalex.org/W2049654081","https://openalex.org/W2050226017","https://openalex.org/W2051810242","https://openalex.org/W2053169767","https://openalex.org/W2057069496","https://openalex.org/W2061563930","https://openalex.org/W2063140507","https://openalex.org/W2064279089","https://openalex.org/W2065202129","https://openalex.org/W2066400775","https://openalex.org/W2071046584","https://openalex.org/W2071588921","https://openalex.org/W2072737943","https://openalex.org/W2088390434","https://openalex.org/W2091159078","https://openalex.org/W2095663170","https://openalex.org/W2102110064","https://openalex.org/W2104722869","https://openalex.org/W2106478879","https://openalex.org/W2111005956","https://openalex.org/W2112844927","https://openalex.org/W2114940395","https://openalex.org/W2122709242","https://openalex.org/W2124426186","https://openalex.org/W2130994761","https://openalex.org/W2132289924","https://openalex.org/W2134648236","https://openalex.org/W2143722773","https://openalex.org/W2144329278","https://openalex.org/W2146833141","https://openalex.org/W2146844279","https://openalex.org/W2148255694","https://openalex.org/W2152768401","https://openalex.org/W2153561402","https://openalex.org/W2153867511","https://openalex.org/W2154033129","https://openalex.org/W2157058953","https://openalex.org/W2163680818","https://openalex.org/W2169546341","https://openalex.org/W2170088433","https://openalex.org/W2170481351","https://openalex.org/W2170973067","https://openalex.org/W2171935040","https://openalex.org/W2177317049","https://openalex.org/W2209568211","https://openalex.org/W2209889155","https://openalex.org/W2220239985","https://openalex.org/W2257876130","https://openalex.org/W2416215401","https://openalex.org/W2479356696","https://openalex.org/W2907881342","https://openalex.org/W2916534270","https://openalex.org/W2950798877","https://openalex.org/W2951811035","https://openalex.org/W3011585373","https://openalex.org/W4233459450","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2104366126","https://openalex.org/W2547231910","https://openalex.org/W2235675062","https://openalex.org/W2177317049","https://openalex.org/W4293208996","https://openalex.org/W2169546341","https://openalex.org/W2127553917","https://openalex.org/W2765674682","https://openalex.org/W1505362105","https://openalex.org/W2096560421"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"PubChem":[1,48,76,113,209,235,276,327],"is":[2,78,118,175,194,211,225,263,278,331],"a":[3,101,254,334],"chemical":[4,21,28,102,243,261,269],"information":[5,134,270],"repository,":[6],"consisting":[7],"of":[8,84,96,152,182,201,216,230,260,268,320],"three":[9],"primary":[10],"databases:":[11],"Substance,":[12,25],"Compound,":[13],"and":[14,32,51,65,271,281,289,302,322,340],"BioAssay.":[15],"When":[16],"individual":[17,185,221],"data":[18],"contributors":[19],"submit":[20],"substance":[22,158,210],"descriptions":[23],"to":[24,62,68,80,121,159,204,241,251,284,290,310],"the":[26,47,71,75,81,85,97,147,150,172,202,214,219,231,242,247,266],"unique":[27,153],"structures":[29,61,69,122,139,154,183,207,217,232,262,321],"are":[30,144,238,308],"extracted":[31],"stored":[33],"into":[34,100],"Compound":[35],"through":[36],"an":[37,279,303],"automated":[38],"process":[39],"called":[40],"structure":[41,82,236,244,328],"standardization.":[42],"The":[43,105,275,326],"present":[44],"study":[45],"describes":[46],"standardization":[49,72,77,114,186,192,222,237,277,329],"approaches":[50],"analyzes":[52],"them":[53],"for":[54,109,253,286],"their":[55,272],"success":[56],"rates,":[57],"reasons":[58],"that":[59,127,140,228],"cause":[60],"be":[63,129],"rejected,":[64],"modifications":[66],"applied":[67],"during":[70],"process.":[73],"Furthermore,":[74],"compared":[79],"normalization":[83],"IUPAC":[86],"International":[87],"Chemical":[88],"Identifier":[89],"(InChI)":[90],"software,":[91],"as":[92,163,333],"manifested":[93],"by":[94,112,165,197,265],"conversion":[95],"InChI":[98,248],"back":[99],"structure.":[103],"RESULTS:":[104],"observed":[106],"rejection":[107],"rate":[108],"substances":[110],"processed":[111],"was":[115],"0.36%,":[116],"which":[117],"predominantly":[119],"attributed":[120],"with":[123,218,313],"invalid":[124],"atom":[125],"valences":[126],"cannot":[128],"readily":[130],"corrected":[131],"without":[132],"additional":[133],"from":[135,155,234,246],"contributors.":[136],"Of":[137],"all":[138,206],"pass":[141],"standardization,":[142],"44%":[143],"modified":[145],"in":[146,157,161,208],"process,":[148],"reducing":[149],"count":[151],"53,574,724":[156],"45,808,881":[160],"compound":[162],"identified":[164],"de-aromatized":[166],"canonical":[167],"isomeric":[168],"SMILES.":[169],"Even":[170],"though":[171],"processing":[173],"time":[174,187,193,203],"very":[176],"low":[177],"on":[178,213,298],"average":[179],"(only":[180],"0.4%":[181],"have":[184],"above":[188],"0.1":[189],"s),":[190],"total":[191],"completely":[195],"dominated":[196],"edge":[198,324],"cases:":[199],"90%":[200],"standardize":[205],"spent":[212],"2.05%":[215],"highest":[220],"time.":[223],"It":[224],"worth":[226],"noting":[227],"60%":[229],"obtained":[233],"not":[239],"identical":[240],"resulting":[245],"(primarily":[249],"due":[250],"preferences":[252],"different":[255],"tautomeric":[256],"form).":[257],"CONCLUSIONS:":[258],"Standardization":[259],"complicated":[264],"diversity":[267,288],"representations":[273],"approaches.":[274],"effective":[280],"efficient":[282],"tool":[283],"account":[285],"molecular":[287],"eliminate":[291],"invalid/incomplete":[292],"structures.":[293],"Further":[294],"development":[295],"will":[296],"concentrate":[297],"improved":[299],"tautomer":[300],"consideration":[301],"expanded":[304],"stereocenter":[305],"definition.":[306],"Modifications":[307],"difficult":[309],"thoroughly":[311],"validate,":[312],"slight":[314],"changes":[315],"often":[316],"affecting":[317],"many":[318],"thousands":[319],"various":[323],"cases.":[325],"service":[330],"accessible":[332],"public":[335],"resource":[336],"(":[337],"https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/standardize":[338],"),":[339],"via":[341],"programmatic":[342],"interfaces.":[343]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":33},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-31T08:31:51.225901","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
