{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2810827031","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13174-018-0088-1","title":"Organizing for openness: six models for developer involvement in hybrid OSS projects","display_name":"Organizing for openness: six models for developer involvement in hybrid OSS projects","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-06-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2810827031","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13174-018-0088-1","mag":"2810827031"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13174-018-0088-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13174-018-0088-1","pdf_url":"https://jisajournal.springeropen.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s13174-018-0088-1","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S1250476","display_name":"Journal of Internet Services and Applications","issn_l":"1867-4828","issn":["1867-4828","1869-0238"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Internet Services and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://jisajournal.springeropen.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s13174-018-0088-1","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080024462","display_name":"Hanna M\u00e4enp\u00e4\u00e4","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2594-0202"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133731052","display_name":"University of Helsinki","ror":"https://ror.org/040af2s02","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hanna M\u00e4enp\u00e4\u00e4","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Helsinki, Gustaf H\u00e4llstr\u00f6min katu 2b, 00041, Helsinki, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2594-0202","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Helsinki, Gustaf H\u00e4llstr\u00f6min katu 2b, 00041, Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083852748","display_name":"Simo M\u00e4kinen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133110","display_name":"Tampere University","ror":null,"country_code":"FI","type":null,"lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133110"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Simo M\u00e4kinen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pervasive Computing, Tampere University of Technology, Korkeakoulunkatu 1, FI-33720, Tampere, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pervasive Computing, Tampere University of Technology, Korkeakoulunkatu 1, FI-33720, Tampere, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133110"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039759765","display_name":"Terhi Kilamo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9561-1116"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133110","display_name":"Tampere University","ror":null,"country_code":"FI","type":null,"lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133110"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Terhi Kilamo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pervasive Computing, Tampere University of Technology, Korkeakoulunkatu 1, FI-33720, Tampere, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pervasive Computing, Tampere University of Technology, Korkeakoulunkatu 1, FI-33720, Tampere, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133110"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074223722","display_name":"Tommi Mikkonen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8540-9918"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133731052","display_name":"University of Helsinki","ror":"https://ror.org/040af2s02","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tommi Mikkonen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Helsinki, Gustaf H\u00e4llstr\u00f6min katu 2b, 00041, Helsinki, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Helsinki, Gustaf H\u00e4llstr\u00f6min katu 2b, 00041, Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057718373","display_name":"Tomi M\u00e4nnist\u00f6","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7470-5183"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133731052","display_name":"University of Helsinki","ror":"https://ror.org/040af2s02","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tomi M\u00e4nnist\u00f6","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Helsinki, Gustaf H\u00e4llstr\u00f6min katu 2b, 00041, Helsinki, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Helsinki, Gustaf H\u00e4llstr\u00f6min katu 2b, 00041, Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047360486","display_name":"Paavo Ritala","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8525-4610"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63548447","display_name":"Lappeenranta-Lahti University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0208vgz68","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63548447"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paavo Ritala","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Business and Management, Lappeenranta University of Technology, Skinnarilankatu, 34 53850, Lappeenranta, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Business and Management, Lappeenranta University of Technology, Skinnarilankatu, 34 53850, Lappeenranta, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63548447"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5080024462"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"],"apc_list":{"value":1490,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1490},"apc_paid":{"value":1490,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1490},"fwci":2.392,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90242616,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11675","display_name":"Open Source Software Innovations","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11675","display_name":"Open Source Software Innovations","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12028","display_name":"Knowledge Management and Sharing","score":0.991599977016449,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9905999898910522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/openness-to-experience","display_name":"Openness to experience","score":0.8896363973617554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corporate-governance","display_name":"Corporate governance","score":0.6193716526031494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5584758520126343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.5264958739280701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5009164810180664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-management","display_name":"Process management","score":0.4934171736240387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/citizen-journalism","display_name":"Citizen journalism","score":0.48288488388061523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.46504226326942444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/balance","display_name":"Balance (ability)","score":0.4397922158241272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-management","display_name":"Engineering management","score":0.375064492225647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.32842111587524414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.32263416051864624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.22963863611221313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.21943730115890503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.11958172917366028}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84976871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2015673","display_name":"Openness to experience","level":2,"score":0.8896363973617554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39389867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380767","display_name":"Corporate governance","level":2,"score":0.6193716526031494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5584758520126343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.5264958739280701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5009164810180664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.4934171736240387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203663800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848979","display_name":"Citizen journalism","level":2,"score":0.48288488388061523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.46504226326942444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168031717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1530280","display_name":"Balance (ability)","level":2,"score":0.4397922158241272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110354214","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6314146","display_name":"Engineering management","level":1,"score":0.375064492225647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.32842111587524414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.32263416051864624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.22963863611221313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.21943730115890503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.11958172917366028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13174-018-0088-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13174-018-0088-1","pdf_url":"https://jisajournal.springeropen.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s13174-018-0088-1","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S1250476","display_name":"Journal of Internet Services and Applications","issn_l":"1867-4828","issn":["1867-4828","1869-0238"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Internet Services and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:911933aa886a49a7b12ef0602f10b716","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/911933aa886a49a7b12ef0602f10b716","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Internet Services and Applications, Vol 9, Iss 1, Pp 1-14 (2018)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:helda.helsinki.fi:10138/238734","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10138/238734","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210213322","display_name":"Ty\u00f6v\u00e4entutkimus Vuosikirja","issn_l":"0784-1272","issn":["0784-1272","1459-7780"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"http://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticle"},{"id":"pmh:oai:helda.helsinki.fi:10138/244938","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10138/244938","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210213322","display_name":"Ty\u00f6v\u00e4entutkimus Vuosikirja","issn_l":"0784-1272","issn":["0784-1272","1459-7780"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:trepo.tuni.fi:10024/214272","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://trepo.tuni.fi/handle/10024/214272","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401860","display_name":"Tampere University Institutional Repository (Tampere University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I150589677","host_organization_name":"Tampere University of Applied Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150589677"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13174-018-0088-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13174-018-0088-1","pdf_url":"https://jisajournal.springeropen.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s13174-018-0088-1","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S1250476","display_name":"Journal of Internet Services and Applications","issn_l":"1867-4828","issn":["1867-4828","1869-0238"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Internet Services and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","score":0.4399999976158142}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G434337789","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HORIZON2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7062453259","display_name":"Intelligent Recommendation  Decision Technologies for Community-Driven Requirements Engineering","funder_award_id":"732463","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2810827031.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2810827031.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W178440968","https://openalex.org/W1596655960","https://openalex.org/W1663638353","https://openalex.org/W1848787275","https://openalex.org/W1897804684","https://openalex.org/W1969649640","https://openalex.org/W1976326994","https://openalex.org/W1979686352","https://openalex.org/W1985261208","https://openalex.org/W1997726814","https://openalex.org/W1998061582","https://openalex.org/W1998258326","https://openalex.org/W2000169455","https://openalex.org/W2003045503","https://openalex.org/W2017581646","https://openalex.org/W2037505222","https://openalex.org/W2054222249","https://openalex.org/W2055117391","https://openalex.org/W2055715993","https://openalex.org/W2058306311","https://openalex.org/W2070348022","https://openalex.org/W2075695496","https://openalex.org/W2078065758","https://openalex.org/W2088049763","https://openalex.org/W2110986222","https://openalex.org/W2112496688","https://openalex.org/W2141951329","https://openalex.org/W2142440840","https://openalex.org/W2147683089","https://openalex.org/W2152963130","https://openalex.org/W2162739315","https://openalex.org/W2164742765","https://openalex.org/W2174769915","https://openalex.org/W2211806509","https://openalex.org/W2214818406","https://openalex.org/W2256583476","https://openalex.org/W2578503273","https://openalex.org/W2607998937","https://openalex.org/W2618003776","https://openalex.org/W2732785394","https://openalex.org/W2737313158","https://openalex.org/W2744204487","https://openalex.org/W2781625113","https://openalex.org/W2792803076","https://openalex.org/W3105163189","https://openalex.org/W4210831486"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2007906249","https://openalex.org/W2908605513","https://openalex.org/W2394242862","https://openalex.org/W2360338400","https://openalex.org/W2361665985","https://openalex.org/W2391461404","https://openalex.org/W2377875154","https://openalex.org/W3198929874","https://openalex.org/W2352558001"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1],"examines":[2],"organization":[3],"and":[4,54,67],"governance":[5],"of":[6,19,37,51,73],"commercially":[7],"influenced":[8],"Open":[9],"Source":[10],"Software":[11],"development":[12,40],"communities":[13,70],"by":[14],"presenting":[15],"a":[16],"multiple-case":[17],"study":[18],"six":[20],"contemporary,":[21],"hybrid":[22],"OSS":[23],"projects.":[24],"The":[25,56],"findings":[26],"provide":[27],"in-depth":[28],"understanding":[29,43],"on":[30,63],"how":[31,64],"to":[32,65],"design":[33],"the":[34,38,44,48,74],"participatory":[35],"nature":[36],"software":[39],"process,":[41],"while":[42],"factors":[45],"that":[46],"influence":[47],"delicate":[49],"balance":[50],"openness,":[52],"motivations,":[53],"governance.":[55],"results":[57],"lay":[58],"ground":[59],"for":[60],"further":[61],"research":[62],"organize":[66],"manage":[68],"developer":[69],"where":[71],"needs":[72],"stakeholders":[75],"are":[76],"competing,":[77],"yet":[78],"complementary.":[79]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-08-08T01:25:22.217667","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}