{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7164864821","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-026-03550-w","title":"A distributed analysis approach for pharmacovigilance data from electronic medical records in German university hospitals: the POLAR_MI ETL Pipeline","display_name":"A distributed analysis approach for pharmacovigilance data from electronic medical records in German university hospitals: the POLAR_MI ETL Pipeline","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-06-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7164864821","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-026-03550-w","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42298626"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12911-026-03550-w","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-026-03550-w","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12911-026-03550-w.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107516304","display_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","issn_l":"1472-6947","issn":["1472-6947"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12911-026-03550-w.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064375340","display_name":"Miriam Kesselmeier","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6462-2579"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134900","display_name":"Jena University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/035rzkx15","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134900"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76198965","display_name":"Friedrich Schiller University Jena","ror":"https://ror.org/05qpz1x62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76198965"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Miriam Kesselmeier","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Medical Statistics, Computer and Data Sciences (IMSID), Jena University Hospital-Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany. miriam.kesselmeier@med.uni-jena.de"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6462-2579","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Medical Statistics, Computer and Data Sciences (IMSID), Jena University Hospital-Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany. miriam.kesselmeier@med.uni-jena.de","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134900","https://openalex.org/I76198965"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051836248","display_name":"Torsten Thalheim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5489-7405"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089877","display_name":"Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum","ror":"https://ror.org/008qpg558","country_code":"DE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089877"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I926574661","display_name":"Leipzig University","ror":"https://ror.org/03s7gtk40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I926574661"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Torsten Thalheim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum gGmbH, Torgauer Str. 116, 04347, Leipzig, Germany","Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology (IMISE), Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany","Interdisciplinary Centre for Bioinformatics, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5489-7405","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum gGmbH, Torgauer Str. 116, 04347, Leipzig, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089877"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology (IMISE), Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I926574661"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Interdisciplinary Centre for Bioinformatics, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I926574661"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051440429","display_name":"F. Schmidt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2027-8213"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I926574661","display_name":"Leipzig University","ror":"https://ror.org/03s7gtk40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I926574661"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Florian Schmidt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology (IMISE), Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2027-8213","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology (IMISE), Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I926574661"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110038394","display_name":"Thomas Peschel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5145-7798"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I926574661","display_name":"Leipzig University","ror":"https://ror.org/03s7gtk40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I926574661"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Peschel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology (IMISE), Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5145-7798","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology (IMISE), Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I926574661"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011003293","display_name":"Julia Palm","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1568-5893"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134900","display_name":"Jena University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/035rzkx15","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134900"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76198965","display_name":"Friedrich Schiller University Jena","ror":"https://ror.org/05qpz1x62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76198965"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Julia Palm","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Medical Statistics, Computer and Data Sciences (IMSID), Jena University Hospital-Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1568-5893","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Medical Statistics, Computer and Data Sciences (IMSID), Jena University Hospital-Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76198965","https://openalex.org/I4210134900"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051622315","display_name":"Alexander Str\u00fcbing","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5151-7665"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I926574661","display_name":"Leipzig University","ror":"https://ror.org/03s7gtk40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I926574661"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexander Str\u00fcbing","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology (IMISE), Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5151-7665","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology (IMISE), Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I926574661"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5138668362","display_name":"Andr\u00e9 Medek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0569-2395"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799391451","display_name":"University Hospital Bonn","ror":"https://ror.org/01xnwqx93","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799391451"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andr\u00e9 Medek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Medical & Scientific Technology Development & Coordination (MWTek), University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0569-2395","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical & Scientific Technology Development & Coordination (MWTek), University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799391451"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010027024","display_name":"Jens Przybilla","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I147765834","display_name":"Leipzig University of Applied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/03xgcq477","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I147765834"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125843","display_name":"University Hospital Leipzig","ror":"https://ror.org/028hv5492","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125843"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I926574661","display_name":"Leipzig University","ror":"https://ror.org/03s7gtk40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I926574661"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jens Przybilla","raw_affiliation_strings":["Clinical Trial Centre Leipzig (ZKS), Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany","Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology (IMISE), Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clinical Trial Centre Leipzig (ZKS), Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I147765834","https://openalex.org/I926574661","https://openalex.org/I4210125843"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology (IMISE), Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I926574661"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114857637","display_name":"Anna Maria Wermund","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135140700","display_name":"University of Bonn","ror":"https://ror.org/041nas322","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135140700"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anna Maria Wermund","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5735-0197","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135140700"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004322058","display_name":"Renke Maas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5498-9761"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181369854","display_name":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg","ror":"https://ror.org/00f7hpc57","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Renke Maas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Erlangen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5498-9761","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Erlangen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002269142","display_name":"Steffen H\u00e4rterich","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2395-1522"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I159176309","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Hamburg","ror":"https://ror.org/00g30e956","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I159176309"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108711","display_name":"University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf","ror":"https://ror.org/01zgy1s35","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I159176309","https://openalex.org/I4210108711"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Steffen H\u00e4rterich","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hospital Pharmacy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2395-1522","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hospital Pharmacy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108711","https://openalex.org/I159176309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044656359","display_name":"Louisa Redeker","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4150-9084"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155976169","display_name":"Witten/Herdecke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00yq55g44","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155976169"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Louisa Redeker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4150-9084","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155976169"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045423385","display_name":"Martin Federbusch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1126-5763"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125843","display_name":"University Hospital Leipzig","ror":"https://ror.org/028hv5492","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125843"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I926574661","display_name":"Leipzig University","ror":"https://ror.org/03s7gtk40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I926574661"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martin Federbusch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University Medical Center Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1126-5763","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University Medical Center Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I926574661","https://openalex.org/I4210125843"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030577380","display_name":"Daniel Steinbach","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2364-598X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125843","display_name":"University Hospital Leipzig","ror":"https://ror.org/028hv5492","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125843"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I926574661","display_name":"Leipzig University","ror":"https://ror.org/03s7gtk40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I926574661"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Steinbach","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University Medical Center Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2364-598X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University Medical Center Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I926574661","https://openalex.org/I4210125843"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5138667664","display_name":"Jan Gewehr","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6453-9082"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I159176309","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Hamburg","ror":"https://ror.org/00g30e956","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I159176309"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108711","display_name":"University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf","ror":"https://ror.org/01zgy1s35","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I159176309","https://openalex.org/I4210108711"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jan Gewehr","raw_affiliation_strings":["Business Division for Information Technology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6453-9082","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Business Division for Information Technology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I159176309","https://openalex.org/I4210108711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070560460","display_name":"Marcus Wurlitzer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1911-4572"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I159176309","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Hamburg","ror":"https://ror.org/00g30e956","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I159176309"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108711","display_name":"University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf","ror":"https://ror.org/01zgy1s35","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I159176309","https://openalex.org/I4210108711"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marcus Wurlitzer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Business Division for Information Technology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1911-4572","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Business Division for Information Technology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I159176309","https://openalex.org/I4210108711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024563193","display_name":"Andrea Riedel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9389-9482"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181369854","display_name":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg","ror":"https://ror.org/00f7hpc57","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088053","display_name":"Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Erlangen","ror":"https://ror.org/0030f2a11","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210088053"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrea Riedel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Erlangen University Hospital, Medical Center for Information and Communication Technology, Erlangen, Germany","Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Medical Informatics, Erlangen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9389-9482","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Erlangen University Hospital, Medical Center for Information and Communication Technology, Erlangen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088053"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Medical Informatics, Erlangen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135155430","display_name":"Frank Meineke","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I926574661","display_name":"Leipzig University","ror":"https://ror.org/03s7gtk40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I926574661"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frank Meineke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology (IMISE), Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9256-7543","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology (IMISE), Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I926574661"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086645462","display_name":"Daniel Neumann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4639-5189"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I926574661","display_name":"Leipzig University","ror":"https://ror.org/03s7gtk40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I926574661"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Neumann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology (IMISE), Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4639-5189","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology (IMISE), Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I926574661"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000830406","display_name":"Andr\u00e9 Scherag","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9406-4704"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134900","display_name":"Jena University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/035rzkx15","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134900"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76198965","display_name":"Friedrich Schiller University Jena","ror":"https://ror.org/05qpz1x62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76198965"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andr\u00e9 Scherag","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Medical Statistics, Computer and Data Sciences (IMSID), Jena University Hospital-Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9406-4704","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Medical Statistics, Computer and Data Sciences (IMSID), Jena University Hospital-Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76198965","https://openalex.org/I4210134900"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025964385","display_name":"Markus Loeffler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0424-9933"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I926574661","display_name":"Leipzig University","ror":"https://ror.org/03s7gtk40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I926574661"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Markus Loeffler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology (IMISE), Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0424-9933","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology (IMISE), Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I926574661"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5138680858","display_name":"on behalf of POLAR_MI","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"on behalf of POLAR_MI","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":13,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5064375340"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134900","https://openalex.org/I76198965"],"apc_list":{"value":1570,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1925},"apc_paid":{"value":1570,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1925},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77673252,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"26","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11943","display_name":"Pharmacovigilance and Adverse Drug Reactions","score":0.9837999939918518,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3005","display_name":"Toxicology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11943","display_name":"Pharmacovigilance and Adverse Drug Reactions","score":0.9837999939918518,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3005","display_name":"Toxicology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10845","display_name":"Advanced Causal Inference Techniques","score":0.001500000013038516,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11620","display_name":"Medication Adherence and Compliance","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2714","display_name":"Family Practice"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-integration","display_name":"Data integration","score":0.7024000287055969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-informatics","display_name":"Health informatics","score":0.6380000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pipeline","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","score":0.5414000153541565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/german","display_name":"German","score":0.5130000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pharmacovigilance","display_name":"Pharmacovigilance","score":0.4828000068664551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care","display_name":"Health care","score":0.4627000093460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/informatics","display_name":"Informatics","score":0.45419999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-warehouse","display_name":"Data warehouse","score":0.4341999888420105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-set","display_name":"Data set","score":0.41370001435279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/system-integration","display_name":"System integration","score":0.3806000053882599}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72634772","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q386824","display_name":"Data integration","level":2,"score":0.7024000287055969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145642194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q870895","display_name":"Health informatics","level":3,"score":0.6380000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5831000208854675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43521106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2165493","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","level":2,"score":0.5414000153541565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.51910001039505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154775046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188","display_name":"German","level":2,"score":0.5130000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57658597","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1550789","display_name":"Pharmacovigilance","level":3,"score":0.4828000068664551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.4627000093460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191630685","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4027615","display_name":"Informatics","level":2,"score":0.45419999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135572916","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193351","display_name":"Data warehouse","level":2,"score":0.4341999888420105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58489278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172284","display_name":"Data set","level":2,"score":0.41370001435279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19527686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1665453","display_name":"System integration","level":2,"score":0.3806000053882599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150670458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4272815","display_name":"Data transformation","level":3,"score":0.3668000102043152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3652999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75684735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q858810","display_name":"Big data","level":2,"score":0.3587000072002411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.34709998965263367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106476913","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7257747","display_name":"Public health informatics","level":5,"score":0.34220001101493835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70061542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q989016","display_name":"Distributed database","level":2,"score":0.33469998836517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.32019999623298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19443361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282533","display_name":"Disparate system","level":2,"score":0.3160000145435333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.3138999938964844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86251818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816754","display_name":"Benchmarking","level":2,"score":0.31209999322891235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133462117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4929239","display_name":"Data collection","level":2,"score":0.29820001125335693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195910791","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324077","display_name":"Medical record","level":2,"score":0.2849000096321106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175801342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1988917","display_name":"Data analysis","level":2,"score":0.2847000062465668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.27869999408721924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.2775999903678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180198813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121182","display_name":"Information system","level":2,"score":0.27320000529289246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019952477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324077","display_name":"Health records","level":3,"score":0.2554999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47487241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5227230","display_name":"Data access","level":2,"score":0.25519999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017977704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18745135","display_name":"Health data","level":3,"score":0.25290000438690186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138827492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6661985","display_name":"Data processing","level":2,"score":0.25189998745918274}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000098971","descriptor_name":"Data Analytics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005858","descriptor_name":"Germany","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006785","descriptor_name":"Hospitals, University","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D057286","descriptor_name":"Electronic Health Records","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D060735","descriptor_name":"Pharmacovigilance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12911-026-03550-w","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-026-03550-w","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12911-026-03550-w.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107516304","display_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","issn_l":"1472-6947","issn":["1472-6947"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:42298626","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42298626","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC medical informatics and decision making","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:e7b47fbc6e0548129b347da3caba992c","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/e7b47fbc6e0548129b347da3caba992c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making, Vol 26, Iss 1 (2026)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:open.fau.de:openfau/40124","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://open.fau.de/handle/openfau/40124","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055110","display_name":"OPUS FAU - Online publication system of Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13270667","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13270667/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BMC Med Inform Decis Mak","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12911-026-03550-w","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-026-03550-w","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12911-026-03550-w.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107516304","display_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","issn_l":"1472-6947","issn":["1472-6947"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5300498604774475}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324588","display_name":"Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Jena","ror":"https://ror.org/035rzkx15"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7164864821.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7164864821.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W53657057","https://openalex.org/W1126991912","https://openalex.org/W1730150177","https://openalex.org/W2089037908","https://openalex.org/W2109347377","https://openalex.org/W2115098571","https://openalex.org/W2121656227","https://openalex.org/W2128349406","https://openalex.org/W2129126838","https://openalex.org/W2139436361","https://openalex.org/W2165748167","https://openalex.org/W2395172628","https://openalex.org/W2485777128","https://openalex.org/W2555058594","https://openalex.org/W2902328511","https://openalex.org/W2962782933","https://openalex.org/W2966061469","https://openalex.org/W2975424845","https://openalex.org/W2976405568","https://openalex.org/W2983728903","https://openalex.org/W3012630953","https://openalex.org/W3075432525","https://openalex.org/W3120118518","https://openalex.org/W3127371185","https://openalex.org/W4205973941","https://openalex.org/W4254687493","https://openalex.org/W4296060276","https://openalex.org/W4313544506","https://openalex.org/W4318168931","https://openalex.org/W4394895648","https://openalex.org/W4395450854","https://openalex.org/W4396917804","https://openalex.org/W4396954105","https://openalex.org/W4411689125","https://openalex.org/W4416386407"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"The":[1],"cooperative":[2],"project":[3,44,194],"\"POLypharmacy,":[4],"drug":[5],"interActions":[6],"and":[7,37,51,97,123,132,149,226,235,256,268,278,300],"Risks\"":[8],"(POLAR_MI)":[9],"of":[10,144,153,212,229,296],"the":[11,54,63,82,124,134,142,145,150,154,183,187,208,237,245,293],"Medical":[12],"Informatics":[13],"Initiative":[14],"Germany":[15],"(MII)":[16],"aimed":[17],"at":[18,62,100],"detecting":[19],"medication-related":[20],"risks":[21,231],"attributed":[22],"to":[23,39,222,244,261],"polymedication":[24],"in":[25,216,232,292],"adult":[26],"patients":[27],"from":[28,141,170,177],"German":[29,64],"university":[30,65,102,156],"hospitals.":[31,66],"Here,":[32],"we":[33,128,167,190,241],"report":[34],"technological":[35],"challenges":[36,131,139,255],"solutions":[38,257],"undertake":[40],"this":[41,75],"large-scale":[42],"multicentre":[43],"relying":[45],"on":[46,173,195,207,290],"routine":[47,196,233],"healthcare":[48,197,234,263],"data":[49,55,69,79,83,87,91,104,120,146,169,198,213,274,281,298],"stored":[50],"processed":[52],"by":[53,109],"integration":[56,105,121,147,214,275],"centres,":[57],"which":[58],"were":[59],"recently":[60,209],"established":[61,133,210],"METHODS:":[67],"core":[68],"set":[70],"specifications":[71],"(version":[72],"1.0).":[73],"In":[74],"approach,":[76],"without":[77],"direct":[78],"access":[80],"for":[81,248],"analysts,":[84],"a":[85,110,193,202,224,279],"local":[86,160],"aggregation":[88],"step":[89],"comprising":[90],"extraction,":[92],"transformation":[93],"(including":[94],"statistical":[95],"analyses)":[96],"loading":[98],"(ETL)":[99],"each":[101],"hospital's":[103],"centre":[106],"was":[107,288],"followed":[108],"central":[111],"random-effects":[112],"meta-analysis.":[113],"RESULTS:":[114],"Using":[115],"an":[116,220],"iterative":[117],"procedure":[118],"between":[119],"centres":[122,148,172,215,276],"cross-institutional":[125],"analysis":[126,204],"team,":[127],"overcame":[129],"many":[130],"\"POLAR_MI":[135],"ETL":[136,246],"Pipeline\".":[137],"These":[138],"originated":[140],"heterogeneity":[143],"IT":[151],"infrastructure":[152],"related":[155,238],"hospitals":[157],"including":[158],"their":[159],"hospital":[161],"information":[162],"system.":[163],"Applying":[164],"our":[165,253],"pipeline,":[166],"analysed":[168],"ten":[171],"nearly":[174],"800,000":[175],"encounters":[176],"about":[178],"500,000":[179],"patients.":[180],"CONCLUSIONS:":[181],"For":[182],"first":[184],"time":[185],"within":[186],"MII":[188],"infrastructure,":[189],"demonstrated":[191],"that":[192],"is":[199],"feasible":[200],"using":[201],"distributed":[203,250],"approach":[205,221],"based":[206],"network":[211],"Germany.":[217],"We":[218],"describe":[219],"obtain":[223],"valuable":[225],"insightful":[227],"overview":[228],"health":[230],"share":[236],"code.":[239],"Moreover,":[240],"propose":[242],"improvements":[243],"process":[247],"future":[249],"analyses.":[251],"Finally,":[252],"data-related":[254],"can":[258],"be":[259],"adapted":[260],"other":[262,266],"settings":[264],"(in":[265],"countries":[267],"initiatives,":[269],"respectively)":[270],"as":[271,273],"long":[272],"equivalents":[277],"common":[280],"format/model":[282],"are":[283],"available.":[284],"TRIAL":[285],"REGISTRATION:":[286],"POLAR_MI":[287],"registered":[289],"27/11/2020":[291],"\"HMA-EMA":[294],"Catalogues":[295],"real-world":[297],"sources":[299],"studies\"":[301],"(EU":[302],"PAS":[303],"number:":[304],"EUPAS36582).":[305]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-17T06:14:20.161405","created_date":"2026-06-16T00:00:00"}