{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7131798423","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-026-03408-1","title":"101 machine learning algorithms for predicting mortality in critically ill patients with spinal cord injury and sarcopenia: a multi-database study","display_name":"101 machine learning algorithms for predicting mortality in critically ill patients with spinal cord injury and sarcopenia: a multi-database study","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7131798423","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-026-03408-1","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41749272"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12911-026-03408-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-026-03408-1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107516304","display_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","issn_l":"1472-6947","issn":["1472-6947"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-026-03408-1","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102752145","display_name":"Lei Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0529-1305"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135576","display_name":"Sichuan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/03q33dp04","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210135576"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210167226","display_name":"Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese","ror":"https://ror.org/031maes79","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210167226"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation, Affiliated Sichuan Provincial Rehabilitation Hospital of Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation, Affiliated Sichuan Provincial Rehabilitation Hospital of Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135576","https://openalex.org/I4210167226"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021763884","display_name":"Chuanxiong Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7511-9933"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189210763","display_name":"Yunnan University","ror":"https://ror.org/0040axw97","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091843","display_name":"Second People's Hospital of Yunnan Province","ror":"https://ror.org/00c639s42","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210091843"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chuanxiong Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, 176 Qingnian Road, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, 176 Qingnian Road, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189210763","https://openalex.org/I4210091843"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126975395","display_name":"Houjun Zhou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26080491","display_name":"Kunming Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/038c3w259","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26080491"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120169","display_name":"First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/02g01ht84","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120169"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Houjun Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26080491","https://openalex.org/I4210120169"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126955966","display_name":"Guoliang Jiang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26080491","display_name":"Kunming Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/038c3w259","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26080491"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120169","display_name":"First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/02g01ht84","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120169"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guoliang Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26080491","https://openalex.org/I4210120169"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126965691","display_name":"Tong Sun","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189210763","display_name":"Yunnan University","ror":"https://ror.org/0040axw97","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091843","display_name":"Second People's Hospital of Yunnan Province","ror":"https://ror.org/00c639s42","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210091843"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tong Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, 176 Qingnian Road, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, 176 Qingnian Road, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189210763","https://openalex.org/I4210091843"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057204469","display_name":"Qianwen Ruan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26080491","display_name":"Kunming Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/038c3w259","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26080491"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qianwen Ruan","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26080491"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057396658","display_name":"Lei Pan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5713-7583"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26080491","display_name":"Kunming Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/038c3w259","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26080491"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120169","display_name":"First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/02g01ht84","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120169"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I46975222","display_name":"Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/04zap7912","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I46975222"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lei Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["The First Clinical Medical School, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China. 119587014@qq.com","Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China. 119587014@qq.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The First Clinical Medical School, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China. 119587014@qq.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26080491","https://openalex.org/I4210120169","https://openalex.org/I46975222"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China. 119587014@qq.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46975222"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079932173","display_name":"B H Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4501-7685"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26080491","display_name":"Kunming Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/038c3w259","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26080491"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Binyang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China. 839116394@qq.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China. 839116394@qq.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26080491"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5057396658","https://openalex.org/A5079932173"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26080491","https://openalex.org/I4210120169","https://openalex.org/I46975222"],"apc_list":{"value":2690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2690},"apc_paid":{"value":2690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2690},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.18274738,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"26","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10925","display_name":"Spinal Cord Injury Research","score":0.8260999917984009,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2734","display_name":"Pathology and Forensic Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10925","display_name":"Spinal Cord Injury Research","score":0.8260999917984009,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2734","display_name":"Pathology and Forensic Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11097","display_name":"Cerebral Palsy and Movement Disorders","score":0.037700001150369644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10397","display_name":"Nutrition and Health in Aging","score":0.02019999921321869,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/receiver-operating-characteristic","display_name":"Receiver operating characteristic","score":0.5877000093460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sarcopenia","display_name":"Sarcopenia","score":0.5759999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/observational-study","display_name":"Observational study","score":0.5687000155448914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logistic-regression","display_name":"Logistic regression","score":0.5575000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retrospective-cohort-study","display_name":"Retrospective cohort study","score":0.4652000069618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spinal-cord-injury","display_name":"Spinal cord injury","score":0.439300000667572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recursive-partitioning","display_name":"Recursive partitioning","score":0.40130001306533813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proportional-hazards-model","display_name":"Proportional hazards model","score":0.3977999985218048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-assessment","display_name":"Risk assessment","score":0.35580000281333923}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.824400007724762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5996999740600586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58471807","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327120","display_name":"Receiver operating characteristic","level":2,"score":0.5877000093460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214593","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1787939","display_name":"Sarcopenia","level":2,"score":0.5759999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23131810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q818574","display_name":"Observational study","level":2,"score":0.5687000155448914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151956035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132755","display_name":"Logistic regression","level":2,"score":0.5575000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167135981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2146302","display_name":"Retrospective cohort study","level":2,"score":0.4652000069618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.45179998874664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778334475","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1415275","display_name":"Spinal cord injury","level":3,"score":0.439300000667572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137345334","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7303350","display_name":"Recursive partitioning","level":2,"score":0.40130001306533813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.40130001306533813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50382708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223218","display_name":"Proportional hazards model","level":2,"score":0.3977999985218048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.39660000801086426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12174686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058438","display_name":"Risk assessment","level":2,"score":0.35580000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198433322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3910099","display_name":"Predictive value of tests","level":2,"score":0.3522000014781952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194828623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2861470","display_name":"Emergency medicine","level":1,"score":0.3409000039100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110083411","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1744628","display_name":"Statistical classification","level":2,"score":0.3400000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2991859549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Critically ill","level":2,"score":0.33329999446868896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30036603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17125150","display_name":"Severity of illness","level":2,"score":0.3183000087738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.310699999332428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.3102000057697296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020404979","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058438","display_name":"Risk stratification","level":2,"score":0.3102000057697296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10515644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q543310","display_name":"Survival analysis","level":2,"score":0.30649998784065247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781381097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5133843","display_name":"Clinical prediction rule","level":2,"score":0.295199990272522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777984932","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7336293","display_name":"Risk of mortality","level":2,"score":0.2827000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145642194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q870895","display_name":"Health informatics","level":3,"score":0.2806999981403351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99508421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2678675","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","level":1,"score":0.2802000045776367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382","display_name":"Psychological intervention","level":2,"score":0.27720001339912415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63527458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5133829","display_name":"Clinical decision support system","level":3,"score":0.2761000096797943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.2759999930858612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76318530","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16833590","display_name":"Area under the curve","level":2,"score":0.26919999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84525736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831366","display_name":"Decision tree","level":2,"score":0.2581999897956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11783203","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5478027","display_name":"Framingham Risk Score","level":3,"score":0.25540000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179755657","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58702","display_name":"Mortality rate","level":2,"score":0.25029999017715454}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000098412","descriptor_name":"Predictive Learning Models","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000098412","descriptor_name":"Predictive Learning Models","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000098429","descriptor_name":"Classification Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000098429","descriptor_name":"Classification Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011379","descriptor_name":"Prognosis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011379","descriptor_name":"Prognosis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012189","descriptor_name":"Retrospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012189","descriptor_name":"Retrospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013119","descriptor_name":"Spinal Cord Injuries","qualifier_ui":"Q000401","qualifier_name":"mortality","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013119","descriptor_name":"Spinal Cord Injuries","qualifier_ui":"Q000401","qualifier_name":"mortality","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016208","descriptor_name":"Databases, Factual","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016208","descriptor_name":"Databases, Factual","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016638","descriptor_name":"Critical Illness","qualifier_ui":"Q000401","qualifier_name":"mortality","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016638","descriptor_name":"Critical Illness","qualifier_ui":"Q000401","qualifier_name":"mortality","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018570","descriptor_name":"Risk Assessment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018570","descriptor_name":"Risk Assessment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055948","descriptor_name":"Sarcopenia","qualifier_ui":"Q000401","qualifier_name":"mortality","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055948","descriptor_name":"Sarcopenia","qualifier_ui":"Q000401","qualifier_name":"mortality","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12911-026-03408-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-026-03408-1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107516304","display_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","issn_l":"1472-6947","issn":["1472-6947"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:41749272","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41749272","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC medical informatics and decision making","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:1f90c4821f664280ad4db93f5f88fc1f","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/1f90c4821f664280ad4db93f5f88fc1f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making, Vol 26, Iss 1 (2026)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13049853","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13049853/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BMC Med Inform Decis Mak","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12911-026-03408-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-026-03408-1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107516304","display_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","issn_l":"1472-6947","issn":["1472-6947"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324731","display_name":"Yunnan University","ror":"https://ror.org/0040axw97"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325093","display_name":"Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/00pcrz470"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328111","display_name":"Chengdu University","ror":"https://ror.org/034z67559"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329861","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1972449270","https://openalex.org/W2017929646","https://openalex.org/W2054310029","https://openalex.org/W2111245970","https://openalex.org/W2411972626","https://openalex.org/W2475245817","https://openalex.org/W2541851166","https://openalex.org/W2575268516","https://openalex.org/W2745090989","https://openalex.org/W2767886812","https://openalex.org/W2891400669","https://openalex.org/W2894958699","https://openalex.org/W2897513125","https://openalex.org/W3085502309","https://openalex.org/W3094056992","https://openalex.org/W3119516072","https://openalex.org/W3125693985","https://openalex.org/W3137045389","https://openalex.org/W3164966272","https://openalex.org/W3193408387","https://openalex.org/W3199758154","https://openalex.org/W4200460851","https://openalex.org/W4206667770","https://openalex.org/W4225727583","https://openalex.org/W4283783873","https://openalex.org/W4285394916","https://openalex.org/W4302305122","https://openalex.org/W4313439128","https://openalex.org/W4323923461","https://openalex.org/W4367322871","https://openalex.org/W4378903882","https://openalex.org/W4386285835","https://openalex.org/W4387458727","https://openalex.org/W4387540036","https://openalex.org/W4388220090","https://openalex.org/W4399903581","https://openalex.org/W4403100374","https://openalex.org/W4404726367","https://openalex.org/W4409569308","https://openalex.org/W4410614960","https://openalex.org/W4411430847","https://openalex.org/W4411631374","https://openalex.org/W4413309221","https://openalex.org/W4415043267"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Critically":[1],"ill":[2,432],"patients":[3,56,240,245,400],"with":[4,19,57,183,241,257,332,338,357,401],"spinal":[5,93],"cord":[6,94],"injury":[7,95],"(SCI)":[8],"and":[9,41,79,96,120,168,202,214,225,243,277,299,344,362,374,387,405,412,419,427],"those":[10],"at":[11,246],"high":[12,247],"risk":[13,54,174,187,248,327,350,410,425],"for":[14,55,92,99,396,423],"sarcopenia":[15,250],"represent":[16],"vulnerable":[17],"populations":[18],"heightened":[20],"mortality":[21,53,259,333,397],"risks.":[22],"Traditional":[23],"prognostic":[24,132,268,394],"scores":[25],"often":[26],"fail":[27],"to":[28,39,51,228],"capture":[29],"the":[30,72,156,172,181,230,233,293,303,325,339,348],"unique":[31],"pathophysiology":[32],"of":[33,109,232,238,249,284],"these":[34],"patients.":[35,262],"This":[36,65],"study":[37,68],"aimed":[38],"develop":[40],"validate":[42],"machine":[43,142,392],"learning-based":[44],"models":[45],"using":[46,171,180,208],"easily":[47],"obtainable":[48],"clinical":[49,110,204,376,416,428],"features":[50,98],"stratify":[52],"SCI,":[58,402],"high-risk":[59,97,313,403],"sarcopenia,":[60,100,404],"or":[61],"both":[62,335],"conditions.":[63],"METHODS:":[64],"retrospective":[66],"observational":[67],"utilized":[69],"data":[70],"from":[71,366],"MIMIC-IV":[73],"(training":[74],"set;":[75],"n":[76],"=":[77],"7904)":[78],"eICU-CRD":[80],"(validation":[81],"set)":[82],"databases.":[83,336],"Patient":[84],"cohorts":[85],"were":[86,164,251],"identified":[87,280],"based":[88,154],"on":[89,155],"diagnostic":[90],"codes":[91],"as":[101,198,281],"per":[102],"established":[103],"expert":[104],"consensus.":[105],"A":[106,236],"comprehensive":[107],"set":[108],"variables":[111],"was":[112,126,152,178,196,206,254,329],"extracted,":[113],"including":[114],"demographics,":[115],"comorbidities,":[116],"ICU":[117],"severity":[118],"scores,":[119],"laboratory":[121],"parameters.":[122],"The":[123,149,193,286,408],"primary":[124],"outcome":[125],"all-cause":[127],"mortality.":[128],"To":[129],"construct":[130],"a":[131],"model,":[133],"we":[134],"employed":[135],"an":[136,199],"integrated":[137],"computational":[138],"approach":[139],"encompassing":[140],"ten":[141],"learning":[143],"algorithms,":[144],"generating":[145],"101":[146],"predictive":[147,355],"models.":[148],"optimal":[150],"model":[151,195,288],"selected":[153],"highest":[157],"Harrell\u2019s":[158],"C-index":[159],"under":[160],"10-fold":[161],"cross-validation.":[162],"Patients":[163,310],"stratified":[165,311],"into":[166,312],"high-":[167],"low-risk":[169],"groups":[170,188,314],"model-derived":[173],"score.":[175],"Predictive":[176],"performance":[177,301],"assessed":[179],"C-index,":[182],"survival":[184,319],"differences":[185],"between":[186],"validated":[189,389],"by":[190],"Kaplan-Meier":[191],"analysis.":[192],"final":[194],"presented":[197],"interactive":[200],"nomogram,":[201],"its":[203],"utility":[205],"evaluated":[207],"calibration":[209],"curves,":[210],"decision":[211],"curve":[212],"analysis,":[213],"time-dependent":[215],"receiver":[216],"operating":[217],"characteristic":[218],"curves.":[219],"Statistical":[220],"analyses":[221,227],"included":[222],"Cox":[223,367],"regression":[224,368],"subgroup":[226],"ensure":[229],"robustness":[231],"findings.":[234],"RESULTS:":[235],"total":[237],"1547":[239],"SCI":[242,261],"4981":[244],"included.":[252],"Sarcopenia":[253],"significantly":[255,317,353],"associated":[256,331],"increased":[258],"among":[260],"Across":[263],"all":[264,380],"cohorts,":[265],"eight":[266],"overlapping":[267],"features\u2014age,":[269],"INR,":[270],"PT,":[271],"PTT,":[272],"anion":[273],"gap,":[274],"hematocrit,":[275],"hemoglobin,":[276],"platelet":[278],"count\u2014were":[279],"key":[282],"determinants":[283],"survival.":[285],"RSF":[287],"demonstrated":[289],"robust":[290],"discrimination":[291],"in":[292,302,324,334,360,399,430],"training":[294],"cohort":[295,306],"(C-index":[296,307],"range:":[297,308],"0.88\u20130.91)":[298],"acceptable":[300],"external":[304],"validation":[305],"0.62\u20130.70).":[309],"consistently":[315],"exhibited":[316],"worse":[318],"outcomes.":[320],"Each":[321],"1-SD":[322],"increase":[323],"standardized":[326],"score":[328,351,411],"strongly":[330],"Compared":[337],"Charlson":[340],"Comorbidity":[341],"Index,":[342],"OASIS,":[343],"Glasgow":[345],"Coma":[346],"Scale,":[347],"proposed":[349,409],"achieved":[352],"superior":[354],"performance,":[356],"marked":[358],"improvements":[359],"NRI":[361],"IDI.":[363],"Nomograms":[364],"derived":[365],"showed":[369],"excellent":[370],"calibration,":[371],"strong":[372],"discrimination,":[373],"favorable":[375],"net":[377],"benefit":[378],"across":[379],"three":[381],"patient":[382],"cohorts.":[383],"CONCLUSIONS:":[384],"We":[385],"developed":[386],"externally":[388],"robust,":[390],"interpretable":[391],"learning\u2013based":[393],"signatures":[395],"prediction":[398],"their":[406],"co-occurrence.":[407],"nomograms":[413],"outperform":[414],"traditional":[415],"scoring":[417],"systems":[418],"provide":[420],"reliable":[421],"tools":[422],"individualized":[424],"stratification":[426],"decision-making":[429],"critically":[431],"populations.":[433]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2026-02-27T00:00:00"}
