{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4398177952","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-024-02520-4","title":"Development, comparison, and internal validation of prediction models to determine the visual prognosis of patients with open globe injuries using machine learning approaches","display_name":"Development, comparison, and internal validation of prediction models to determine the visual prognosis of patients with open globe injuries using machine learning approaches","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-05-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4398177952","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-024-02520-4","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38773484"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12911-024-02520-4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-024-02520-4","pdf_url":"https://bmcmedinformdecismak.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12911-024-02520-4","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107516304","display_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","issn_l":"1472-6947","issn":["1472-6947"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://bmcmedinformdecismak.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12911-024-02520-4","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008507645","display_name":"Mehrdad Motamed Shariati","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8680-5560"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165560825","display_name":"Mashhad University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04sfka033","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165560825"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mehrdad Motamed Shariati","raw_affiliation_strings":["Eye Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Eye Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165560825"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081689734","display_name":"Saeid Eslami","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3755-1212"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165560825","display_name":"Mashhad University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04sfka033","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165560825"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saeid Eslami","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Informatics, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Informatics, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165560825"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090368234","display_name":"Nasser Shoeibi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3544-0105"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165560825","display_name":"Mashhad University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04sfka033","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165560825"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nasser Shoeibi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Eye Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Eye Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165560825"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074121640","display_name":"Alireza Eslampoor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6556-2632"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165560825","display_name":"Mashhad University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04sfka033","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165560825"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alireza Eslampoor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Eye Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Eye Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165560825"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109256007","display_name":"Mohammad-Reza Sedaghat","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165560825","display_name":"Mashhad University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04sfka033","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165560825"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammadreza Sedaghat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Eye Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Eye Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165560825"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000947869","display_name":"Hamid Gharaei","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165560825","display_name":"Mashhad University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04sfka033","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165560825"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hamid Gharaei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Eye Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Eye Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165560825"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058358932","display_name":"Siamak Zarei\u2010Ghanavati","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165560825","display_name":"Mashhad University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04sfka033","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165560825"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Siamak Zarei-Ghanavati","raw_affiliation_strings":["Eye Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Eye Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165560825"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102184377","display_name":"Akbar Derakhshan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165560825","display_name":"Mashhad University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04sfka033","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165560825"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Akbar Derakhshan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Eye Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Eye Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165560825"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103179485","display_name":"Majid Abrishami","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4696-3350"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165560825","display_name":"Mashhad University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04sfka033","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165560825"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Majid Abrishami","raw_affiliation_strings":["Eye Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Eye Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165560825"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090021859","display_name":"Mojtaba Abrishami","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2001-7929"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165560825","display_name":"Mashhad University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04sfka033","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165560825"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mojtaba Abrishami","raw_affiliation_strings":["Eye Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Eye Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165560825"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110236580","display_name":"Seyedeh Maryam Hosseini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4233-9243"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165560825","display_name":"Mashhad University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04sfka033","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165560825"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seyedeh Maryam Hosseini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Eye Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Eye Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165560825"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093603609","display_name":"Saeed Shokuhi Rad","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165560825","display_name":"Mashhad University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04sfka033","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165560825"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saeed Shokuhi Rad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Eye Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Eye Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165560825"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020260864","display_name":"Mohammadreza Ansari Astaneh","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165560825","display_name":"Mashhad University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04sfka033","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165560825"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammadreza Ansari Astaneh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Eye Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Eye Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165560825"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092678366","display_name":"Raheleh Mahboub Farimani","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I235686326","display_name":"Kerman University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/02kxbqc24","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I235686326"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Raheleh Mahboub Farimani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Informatics, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran. raahimah60@gmail.com","Department of Medical Informatics, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Informatics, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran. raahimah60@gmail.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I235686326"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Informatics, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I235686326"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5092678366"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I235686326"],"apc_list":{"value":2690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2690},"apc_paid":{"value":2690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2690},"fwci":3.683,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93036182,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"1","first_page":"131","last_page":"131"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11867","display_name":"Traumatic Ocular and Foreign Body Injuries","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11867","display_name":"Traumatic Ocular and Foreign Body Injuries","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11562","display_name":"Facial Trauma and Fracture Management","score":0.001500000013038516,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11828","display_name":"Corneal Surgery and Treatments","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-informatics","display_name":"Health informatics","score":0.6762911677360535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/globe","display_name":"Globe","score":0.5536639094352722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4798264503479004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4537213444709778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/predictive-modelling","display_name":"Predictive modelling","score":0.443970263004303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4377768039703369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.40843021869659424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.3410535752773285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-physics","display_name":"Medical physics","score":0.3295489251613617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-health","display_name":"Public health","score":0.1778048872947693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pathology","display_name":"Pathology","score":0.158046156167984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ophthalmology","display_name":"Ophthalmology","score":0.0965208113193512}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145642194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q870895","display_name":"Health informatics","level":3,"score":0.6762911677360535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775899829","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109007","display_name":"Globe","level":2,"score":0.5536639094352722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4798264503479004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4537213444709778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45804977","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239673","display_name":"Predictive modelling","level":2,"score":0.443970263004303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4377768039703369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.40843021869659424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3410535752773285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19527891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120908","display_name":"Medical physics","level":1,"score":0.3295489251613617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.1778048872947693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.158046156167984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118487528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161437","display_name":"Ophthalmology","level":1,"score":0.0965208113193512}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007492","descriptor_name":"Iran","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007492","descriptor_name":"Iran","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007492","descriptor_name":"Iran","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007492","descriptor_name":"Iran","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011379","descriptor_name":"Prognosis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011379","descriptor_name":"Prognosis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011379","descriptor_name":"Prognosis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011379","descriptor_name":"Prognosis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014792","descriptor_name":"Visual Acuity","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014792","descriptor_name":"Visual Acuity","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014792","descriptor_name":"Visual Acuity","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014792","descriptor_name":"Visual Acuity","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015807","descriptor_name":"Eye Injuries, Penetrating","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015807","descriptor_name":"Eye Injuries, Penetrating","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015807","descriptor_name":"Eye Injuries, Penetrating","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015807","descriptor_name":"Eye Injuries, Penetrating","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12911-024-02520-4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-024-02520-4","pdf_url":"https://bmcmedinformdecismak.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12911-024-02520-4","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107516304","display_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","issn_l":"1472-6947","issn":["1472-6947"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:38773484","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38773484","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC medical informatics and decision making","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11106970","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11106970","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11106970/pdf/12911_2024_Article_2520.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BMC Med Inform Decis Mak","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:70e62c5f7aa242bdac46dd00415fa0ad","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/70e62c5f7aa242bdac46dd00415fa0ad","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making, Vol 24, Iss 1, Pp 1-14 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12911-024-02520-4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-024-02520-4","pdf_url":"https://bmcmedinformdecismak.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12911-024-02520-4","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107516304","display_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","issn_l":"1472-6947","issn":["1472-6947"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.550000011920929,"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322855","display_name":"Mashhad University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04sfka033"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4398177952.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W218655866","https://openalex.org/W571200655","https://openalex.org/W1502897595","https://openalex.org/W1574447377","https://openalex.org/W1760127410","https://openalex.org/W1965371071","https://openalex.org/W1966716734","https://openalex.org/W2012359376","https://openalex.org/W2017310130","https://openalex.org/W2021983495","https://openalex.org/W2023033528","https://openalex.org/W2030293010","https://openalex.org/W2059256008","https://openalex.org/W2064549802","https://openalex.org/W2078294618","https://openalex.org/W2084710939","https://openalex.org/W2085281262","https://openalex.org/W2101754595","https://openalex.org/W2108156817","https://openalex.org/W2225444987","https://openalex.org/W2246725324","https://openalex.org/W2325981672","https://openalex.org/W2559588458","https://openalex.org/W2566476878","https://openalex.org/W2664267452","https://openalex.org/W2757120799","https://openalex.org/W2886522935","https://openalex.org/W2894223760","https://openalex.org/W2897620540","https://openalex.org/W2901424910","https://openalex.org/W2912790741","https://openalex.org/W3010633875","https://openalex.org/W3030391949","https://openalex.org/W3046804367","https://openalex.org/W3161049851","https://openalex.org/W3163090133","https://openalex.org/W3214780276","https://openalex.org/W4243150065","https://openalex.org/W4316469706"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1539266347","https://openalex.org/W2267913355","https://openalex.org/W2788570199","https://openalex.org/W2000787479","https://openalex.org/W4248006302","https://openalex.org/W1488904332","https://openalex.org/W4256453413","https://openalex.org/W4318612353","https://openalex.org/W4390939596","https://openalex.org/W4389829534"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"INTRODUCTION:":[0],"Open":[1],"globe":[2,33,59,332,358],"injuries":[3,34,60],"(OGI)":[4],"represent":[5],"a":[6,301,313],"main":[7],"preventable":[8],"reason":[9],"for":[10,259,273,316],"blindness":[11],"and":[12,35,38,102,115,171,194,234,245,253,264,270,279,285,349],"visual":[13,47,127,133],"impairment,":[14],"particularly":[15],"in":[16,66,207,321,336],"developing":[17],"countries.":[18],"The":[19,213,228,267],"goal":[20],"of":[21,31,75,86,123,236,255,356],"this":[22,337],"study":[23],"is":[24],"evaluating":[25],"key":[26],"variables":[27],"affecting":[28],"the":[29,109,121,209,220,225,237,250,256,274,294,298,303,318,330,354],"prognosis":[30],"open":[32,58,331,357],"validating":[36],"internally":[37],"comparing":[39],"different":[40,124],"machine":[41,138,203],"learning":[42,139,204],"models":[43,118,288],"to":[44,70,119,199,223,343,347],"estimate":[45],"final":[46,210,226,319],"acuity.":[48],"MATERIALS":[49],"AND":[50],"METHODS:":[51],"We":[52,112,131],"reviewed":[53],"three":[54],"hundred":[55],"patients":[56,261,348],"with":[57,126],"receiving":[61],"treatment":[62],"at":[63],"Khatam-Al-Anbia":[64],"Hospital":[65],"Iran":[67],"from":[68],"2020":[69],"2022.":[71],"Age,":[72],"sex,":[73],"type":[74],"trauma,":[76,87],"initial":[77],"VA":[78,320],"grade,":[79],"relative":[80],"afferent":[81],"pupillary":[82],"defect":[83],"(RAPD),":[84],"zone":[85],"traumatic":[88,90],"cataract,":[89],"optic":[91],"neuropathy":[92],"(TON),":[93],"intraocular":[94],"foreign":[95],"body":[96],"(IOFB),":[97],"retinal":[98],"detachment":[99],"(RD),":[100],"endophthalmitis,":[101],"ocular":[103],"trauma":[104],"score":[105,184,269],"(OTS)":[106],"grade":[107],"were":[108,197,240,262,289],"input":[110],"features.":[111],"calculated":[113],"univariate":[114],"multivariate":[116],"regression":[117,144],"assess":[120,200],"association":[122],"features":[125],"acuity":[128,134],"(VA)":[129],"outcomes.":[130],"predicted":[132],"using":[135],"ten":[136],"supervised":[137],"algorithms":[140,205],"including":[141],"multinomial":[142],"logistic":[143],"(MLR),":[145],"support":[146],"vector":[147],"machines":[148],"(SVM),":[149],"K-nearest":[150],"neighbors":[151],"(KNN),":[152],"na\u00efve":[153],"bayes":[154],"(NB),":[155],"decision":[156],"tree":[157],"(DT),":[158],"random":[159],"forest":[160],"(RF),":[161],"bagging":[162],"(BG),":[163],"adaptive":[164],"boosting":[165,174],"(ADA),":[166],"artificial":[167,214],"neural":[168,215],"networks":[169],"(ANN),":[170],"extreme":[172],"gradient":[173],"(XGB).":[175],"Accuracy,":[176],"positive":[177],"predictive":[178,325],"value":[179],"(PPV),":[180],"recall,":[181],"F-score,":[182],"brier":[183,268],"(BS),":[185],"Matthew":[186],"correlation":[187],"coefficient":[188],"(MCC),":[189],"receiver":[190],"operating":[191],"characteristic":[192],"(AUC-ROC),":[193],"calibration":[195,271],"plot":[196],"used":[198],"how":[201],"well":[202],"performed":[206],"predicting":[208,317],"VA.":[211,227],"RESULTS:":[212],"network":[216],"(ANN)":[217],"model":[218,239,258,276,296,334],"had":[219],"best":[221],"accuracy":[222,326],"predict":[224],"sensitivity,":[229],"F1":[230],"score,":[231],"PPV,":[232],"accuracy,":[233],"MCC":[235],"ANN":[238,257,275,295],"0.81,":[241,246],"0.85,":[242],"0.89,":[243],"0.93,":[244],"respectively.":[247,266,281],"In":[248],"addition,":[249],"estimated":[251],"AUC-ROC":[252],"AUR-PRC":[254],"OGI":[260,322],"0.96":[263],"0.91,":[265],"log-loss":[272],"was":[277,297,327],"0.201":[278],"0.232,":[280],"CONCLUSION:":[282],"As":[283,300],"classic":[284],"ensemble":[286],"ML":[287],"compared,":[290],"results":[291],"shows":[292],"that":[293,305],"best.":[299],"result,":[302],"framework":[304],"has":[306],"been":[307],"presented":[308],"may":[309],"be":[310,341],"regarded":[311],"as":[312],"good":[314],"substitute":[315],"patients.":[323],"Excellent":[324],"shown":[328],"by":[329],"injury":[333],"developed":[335],"study,":[338],"which":[339],"should":[340],"helpful":[342],"provide":[344],"clinical":[345,351],"advice":[346],"making":[350],"decisions":[352],"concerning":[353],"management":[355],"injuries.":[359]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}