{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4362671071","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-023-02155-x","title":"A deep neural network framework to derive interpretable decision rules for accurate traumatic brain injury identification of infants","display_name":"A deep neural network framework to derive interpretable decision rules for accurate traumatic brain injury identification of infants","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-04-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4362671071","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-023-02155-x","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37024858"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12911-023-02155-x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12911-023-02155-x","pdf_url":"https://bmcmedinformdecismak.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12911-023-02155-x","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107516304","display_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","issn_l":"1472-6947","issn":["1472-6947"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://bmcmedinformdecismak.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12911-023-02155-x","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066472367","display_name":"Baiming Zou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7879-9460"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Baiming Zou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA. bzou@email.unc.edu","School of Nursing, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA. bzou@email.unc.edu","Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA. bzou@email.unc.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Nursing, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA. bzou@email.unc.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049572543","display_name":"Xinlei Mi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2966-3217"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinlei Mi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Preventive Medicine - Biostatistics Quantitative Data Sciences Core (QDSC), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Preventive Medicine - Biostatistics Quantitative Data Sciences Core (QDSC), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067630260","display_name":"Elizabeth Stone","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1144-5681"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elizabeth Stone","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Nursing, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Nursing, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100782494","display_name":"Fei Zou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6637-3593"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fei Zou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA","Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5066472367"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"],"apc_list":{"value":1570,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1925},"apc_paid":{"value":1570,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1925},"fwci":0.5525,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.67257332,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"1","first_page":"58","last_page":"58"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10706","display_name":"Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances","score":0.23849999904632568,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10706","display_name":"Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances","score":0.23849999904632568,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11467","display_name":"Trauma and Emergency Care Studies","score":0.20280000567436218,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2711","display_name":"Emergency Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10416","display_name":"Traumatic Brain Injury Research","score":0.15139999985694885,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traumatic-brain-injury","display_name":"Traumatic brain injury","score":0.7838480472564697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-informatics","display_name":"Health informatics","score":0.7082844972610474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.6070247888565063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5617778897285461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.521356463432312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4380127191543579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3577222228050232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.28101834654808044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-health","display_name":"Public health","score":0.18641924858093262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychiatry","display_name":"Psychiatry","score":0.13908010721206665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nursing","display_name":"Nursing","score":0.12605223059654236}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781017439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1995526","display_name":"Traumatic brain injury","level":2,"score":0.7838480472564697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145642194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q870895","display_name":"Health informatics","level":3,"score":0.7082844972610474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6070247888565063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5617778897285461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.521356463432312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4380127191543579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3577222228050232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.28101834654808044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.18641924858093262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.13908010721206665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.12605223059654236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000070642","descriptor_name":"Brain Injuries, Traumatic","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000070642","descriptor_name":"Brain Injuries, Traumatic","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000070642","descriptor_name":"Brain Injuries, Traumatic","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000081415","descriptor_name":"Clinical Decision Rules","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000081415","descriptor_name":"Clinical Decision Rules","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000081415","descriptor_name":"Clinical Decision Rules","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004632","descriptor_name":"Emergency Medical Services","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004632","descriptor_name":"Emergency Medical Services","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004632","descriptor_name":"Emergency Medical Services","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007223","descriptor_name":"Infant","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007223","descriptor_name":"Infant","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007223","descriptor_name":"Infant","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012189","descriptor_name":"Retrospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012189","descriptor_name":"Retrospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012189","descriptor_name":"Retrospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12911-023-02155-x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12911-023-02155-x","pdf_url":"https://bmcmedinformdecismak.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12911-023-02155-x","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107516304","display_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","issn_l":"1472-6947","issn":["1472-6947"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:37024858","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37024858","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC medical informatics and decision making","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10080782","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10080782","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10080782/pdf/12911_2023_Article_2155.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BMC Med Inform Decis Mak","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:baa8e95a5098415fad634800de14cae2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/baa8e95a5098415fad634800de14cae2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making, Vol 23, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12911-023-02155-x","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12911-023-02155-x","pdf_url":"https://bmcmedinformdecismak.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12911-023-02155-x","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107516304","display_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","issn_l":"1472-6947","issn":["1472-6947"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.5400000214576721}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6990485190","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R56 LM013784","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337372","funder_display_name":"U.S. National Library of Medicine"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337372","display_name":"U.S. National Library of Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/0060t0j89"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4362671071.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4362671071.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1480376833","https://openalex.org/W1967230565","https://openalex.org/W1976667619","https://openalex.org/W2000965529","https://openalex.org/W2035515294","https://openalex.org/W2061570747","https://openalex.org/W2067524565","https://openalex.org/W2076497858","https://openalex.org/W2087305430","https://openalex.org/W2093291707","https://openalex.org/W2100128988","https://openalex.org/W2102636708","https://openalex.org/W2103496339","https://openalex.org/W2120240539","https://openalex.org/W2124777142","https://openalex.org/W2129925362","https://openalex.org/W2131389518","https://openalex.org/W2135293965","https://openalex.org/W2143369990","https://openalex.org/W2144015117","https://openalex.org/W2145105231","https://openalex.org/W2147488174","https://openalex.org/W2151266040","https://openalex.org/W2158223542","https://openalex.org/W2295598076","https://openalex.org/W2338251302","https://openalex.org/W2399240576","https://openalex.org/W2892494438","https://openalex.org/W2898332671","https://openalex.org/W2909953525","https://openalex.org/W2911964244","https://openalex.org/W2919115771","https://openalex.org/W2946492194","https://openalex.org/W2946753639","https://openalex.org/W2963095610","https://openalex.org/W2969724484","https://openalex.org/W2988415758","https://openalex.org/W3160801315","https://openalex.org/W3204386957","https://openalex.org/W4212883601","https://openalex.org/W4231109964","https://openalex.org/W4239510810"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4232204633","https://openalex.org/W3206692032","https://openalex.org/W2724674370","https://openalex.org/W4238132289","https://openalex.org/W4254672817","https://openalex.org/W4245348274","https://openalex.org/W4200627908","https://openalex.org/W4380149321","https://openalex.org/W2898372828","https://openalex.org/W2002968561"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVE:":[0],"We":[1],"aimed":[2],"to":[3,8,31,67,245,254],"develop":[4],"a":[5,141,163],"robust":[6],"framework":[7,93,194,226],"model":[9,189],"the":[10,78,87,96,102,118,123,133,168,171,175,179,182,191,224,247],"complex":[11],"association":[12],"between":[13],"clinical":[14,33,70,230,250],"features":[15,30,71,75,198,231],"and":[16,27,62,151,157,174,199,206,211,216,236],"traumatic":[17],"brain":[18],"injury":[19],"(TBI)":[20],"risk":[21,80],"in":[22,81],"children":[23,82],"under":[24,83,86,170,178],"age":[25,84],"two,":[26],"identify":[28,68],"significant":[29,69,159,197,229],"derive":[32],"decision":[34,251],"rules":[35],"for":[36,136,187,195],"triage":[37,256],"decisions.":[38,257],"METHODS:":[39],"In":[40,162],"this":[41],"retrospective":[42],"study,":[43],"four":[44],"frequently":[45],"used":[46,244],"machine":[47,53],"learning":[48],"models,":[49],"i.e.,":[50,203],"support":[51],"vector":[52],"(SVM),":[54],"random":[55],"forest":[56],"(RF),":[57],"deep":[58],"neural":[59],"network":[60],"(DNN),":[61],"XGBoost":[63],"(XGB),":[64],"were":[65],"compared":[66],"from":[72,101],"24":[73],"input":[74],"associated":[76,232],"with":[77,122,208,233],"TBI":[79,120,234],"two":[85],"permutation":[88,183],"feature":[89,184],"importance":[90,185],"test":[91,186],"(PermFIT)":[92],"by":[94,116],"using":[95],"publicly":[97],"available":[98],"data":[99],"set":[100],"Pediatric":[103],"Emergency":[104],"Care":[105],"Applied":[106],"Research":[107],"Network":[108],"(PECARN)":[109],"study.":[110],"The":[111,240],"prediction":[112,238],"accuracy":[113,166],"was":[114,190],"determined":[115],"comparing":[117],"predicted":[119],"status":[121,235],"computed":[124],"tomography":[125],"(CT)":[126],"scan":[127,131],"results":[128,221],"since":[129],"CT":[130],"is":[132],"gold":[134],"standard":[135],"diagnosing":[137],"TBI.":[138],"RESULTS:":[139],"At":[140],"significance":[142],"level":[143],"of":[144,165,249],"[Formula:":[145],"see":[146],"text],":[147],"DNN,":[148],"RF,":[149,204],"XGB,":[150,205],"SVM":[152],"identified":[153],"9,":[154],"1,":[155],"2,":[156],"4":[158],"features,":[160],"respectively.":[161,218],"comparison":[164],"(Accuracy),":[167],"area":[169,177],"curve":[172,180],"(AUC),":[173],"precision-recall":[176],"(PR-AUC),":[181],"DNN":[188],"most":[192],"powerful":[193],"identifying":[196],"outperformed":[200],"other":[201],"methods,":[202],"SVM,":[207],"Accuracy,":[209],"AUC,":[210],"PR-AUC":[212],"as":[213],"0.915,":[214],"0.794,":[215],"0.974,":[217],"CONCLUSION:":[219],"These":[220],"indicate":[222],"that":[223],"PermFIT-DNN":[225],"robustly":[227],"identifies":[228],"improves":[237],"performance.":[239],"findings":[241],"could":[242],"be":[243],"inform":[246,255],"development":[248],"tools":[252],"designed":[253]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-13T06:13:01.061226","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}