{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4223895485","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-022-01843-4","title":"Multi-label annotation of text reports from computed tomography of the chest, abdomen, and pelvis using deep learning","display_name":"Multi-label annotation of text reports from computed tomography of the chest, abdomen, and pelvis using deep learning","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-04-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4223895485","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-022-01843-4","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35428335"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12911-022-01843-4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-022-01843-4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107516304","display_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","issn_l":"1472-6947","issn":["1472-6947"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-022-01843-4","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084136385","display_name":"Vincent M. D\u2019Anniballe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8536-633X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","display_name":"Duke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00py81415","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145671","display_name":"Advanced Imaging Research (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/047c3xe48","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145671"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vincent M. D\u2019Anniballe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Virtual Imaging Trials, Carl E. Ravin Advanced Imaging Laboratories, Department of Radiology, Duke University School of Medicine, 2424 Erwin Rd. Ste. 302, Durham, NC, 27705, USA","Center for Virtual Imaging Trials, Carl E. Ravin Advanced Imaging Laboratories, Department of Radiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Virtual Imaging Trials, Carl E. Ravin Advanced Imaging Laboratories, Department of Radiology, Duke University School of Medicine, 2424 Erwin Rd. Ste. 302, Durham, NC, 27705, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145671"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Virtual Imaging Trials, Carl E. Ravin Advanced Imaging Laboratories, Department of Radiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317","https://openalex.org/I4210145671"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033684433","display_name":"Fakrul Islam Tushar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7180-563X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","display_name":"Duke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00py81415","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I251424209","display_name":"Universitat de Girona","ror":"https://ror.org/01xdxns91","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I251424209"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145671","display_name":"Advanced Imaging Research (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/047c3xe48","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145671"]}],"countries":["ES","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fakrul Islam Tushar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Virtual Imaging Trials, Carl E. Ravin Advanced Imaging Laboratories, Department of Radiology, Duke University School of Medicine, 2424 Erwin Rd. Ste. 302, Durham, NC, 27705, USA","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA","Erasmus+ Joint Master in Medical Imaging and Applications, University of Girona, Girona, Spain","Center for Virtual Imaging Trials, Carl E. Ravin Advanced Imaging Laboratories, Department of Radiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, USA","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Virtual Imaging Trials, Carl E. Ravin Advanced Imaging Laboratories, Department of Radiology, Duke University School of Medicine, 2424 Erwin Rd. Ste. 302, Durham, NC, 27705, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145671"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Erasmus+ Joint Master in Medical Imaging and Applications, University of Girona, Girona, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I251424209"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Virtual Imaging Trials, Carl E. Ravin Advanced Imaging Laboratories, Department of Radiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317","https://openalex.org/I4210145671"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050649335","display_name":"Khrystyna Faryna","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5301-3325"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I251424209","display_name":"Universitat de Girona","ror":"https://ror.org/01xdxns91","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I251424209"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Khrystyna Faryna","raw_affiliation_strings":["Erasmus+ Joint Master in Medical Imaging and Applications, University of Girona, Girona, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Erasmus+ Joint Master in Medical Imaging and Applications, University of Girona, Girona, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I251424209"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059021632","display_name":"Songyue Han","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610280","display_name":"South China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0530pts50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Songyue Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Software Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China","School of Software Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001300575","display_name":"Maciej A. Mazurowski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4202-8602"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","display_name":"Duke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00py81415","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145671","display_name":"Advanced Imaging Research (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/047c3xe48","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145671"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maciej A. Mazurowski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Virtual Imaging Trials, Carl E. Ravin Advanced Imaging Laboratories, Department of Radiology, Duke University School of Medicine, 2424 Erwin Rd. Ste. 302, Durham, NC, 27705, USA","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA","Center for Virtual Imaging Trials, Carl E. Ravin Advanced Imaging Laboratories, Department of Radiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, USA","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Virtual Imaging Trials, Carl E. Ravin Advanced Imaging Laboratories, Department of Radiology, Duke University School of Medicine, 2424 Erwin Rd. Ste. 302, Durham, NC, 27705, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145671"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Virtual Imaging Trials, Carl E. Ravin Advanced Imaging Laboratories, Department of Radiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317","https://openalex.org/I4210145671"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091834429","display_name":"Geoffrey D. Rubin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3820-2500"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138006243","display_name":"University of Arizona","ror":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","display_name":"Duke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00py81415","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145671","display_name":"Advanced Imaging Research (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/047c3xe48","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145671"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Geoffrey D. Rubin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Virtual Imaging Trials, Carl E. Ravin Advanced Imaging Laboratories, Department of Radiology, Duke University School of Medicine, 2424 Erwin Rd. Ste. 302, Durham, NC, 27705, USA","Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, USA","Center for Virtual Imaging Trials, Carl E. Ravin Advanced Imaging Laboratories, Department of Radiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, USA","Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Virtual Imaging Trials, Carl E. Ravin Advanced Imaging Laboratories, Department of Radiology, Duke University School of Medicine, 2424 Erwin Rd. Ste. 302, Durham, NC, 27705, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145671"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Virtual Imaging Trials, Carl E. Ravin Advanced Imaging Laboratories, Department of Radiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317","https://openalex.org/I4210145671"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040192736","display_name":"Joseph Y. Lo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9540-5072"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","display_name":"Duke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00py81415","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145671","display_name":"Advanced Imaging Research (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/047c3xe48","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145671"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Joseph Y. Lo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Virtual Imaging Trials, Carl E. Ravin Advanced Imaging Laboratories, Department of Radiology, Duke University School of Medicine, 2424 Erwin Rd. Ste. 302, Durham, NC, 27705, USA. joseph.lo@duke.edu","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA. joseph.lo@duke.edu","Center for Virtual Imaging Trials, Carl E. Ravin Advanced Imaging Laboratories, Department of Radiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, USA","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Virtual Imaging Trials, Carl E. Ravin Advanced Imaging Laboratories, Department of Radiology, Duke University School of Medicine, 2424 Erwin Rd. Ste. 302, Durham, NC, 27705, USA. joseph.lo@duke.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA. joseph.lo@duke.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Virtual Imaging Trials, Carl E. Ravin Advanced Imaging Laboratories, Department of Radiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317","https://openalex.org/I4210145671"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5040192736"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317","https://openalex.org/I4210145671"],"apc_list":{"value":2690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2690},"apc_paid":{"value":2690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2690},"fwci":0.911,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70747246,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"1","first_page":"102","last_page":"102"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11775","display_name":"COVID-19 diagnosis using AI","score":0.5659999847412109,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11775","display_name":"COVID-19 diagnosis using AI","score":0.5659999847412109,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12422","display_name":"Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging","score":0.08219999819993973,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.06800000369548798,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6584303379058838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5801041722297668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/abdomen","display_name":"Abdomen","score":0.5360996723175049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bottleneck","display_name":"Bottleneck","score":0.5080718994140625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dictation","display_name":"Dictation","score":0.5048506855964661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiology","display_name":"Radiology","score":0.4777483344078064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/initialization","display_name":"Initialization","score":0.46751338243484497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-forest","display_name":"Random forest","score":0.46128740906715393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.43042320013046265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pelvis","display_name":"Pelvis","score":0.4268469512462616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/receiver-operating-characteristic","display_name":"Receiver operating characteristic","score":0.41633516550064087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.41305121779441833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.36739838123321533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.338685005903244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.31076014041900635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.135679692029953}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6584303379058838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5801041722297668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779983558","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9597","display_name":"Abdomen","level":2,"score":0.5360996723175049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780513914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18210350","display_name":"Bottleneck","level":2,"score":0.5080718994140625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779077324","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1087138","display_name":"Dictation","level":2,"score":0.5048506855964661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.4777483344078064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114466953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6034165","display_name":"Initialization","level":2,"score":0.46751338243484497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169258074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245748","display_name":"Random forest","level":2,"score":0.46128740906715393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.43042320013046265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778357063","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q713102","display_name":"Pelvis","level":2,"score":0.4268469512462616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58471807","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327120","display_name":"Receiver operating characteristic","level":2,"score":0.41633516550064087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.41305121779441833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.36739838123321533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.338685005903244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.31076014041900635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.135679692029953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000005","descriptor_name":"Abdomen","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000005","descriptor_name":"Abdomen","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000005","descriptor_name":"Abdomen","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010388","descriptor_name":"Pelvis","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010388","descriptor_name":"Pelvis","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010388","descriptor_name":"Pelvis","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014057","descriptor_name":"Tomography, X-Ray Computed","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014057","descriptor_name":"Tomography, X-Ray Computed","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014057","descriptor_name":"Tomography, X-Ray Computed","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12911-022-01843-4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-022-01843-4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107516304","display_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","issn_l":"1472-6947","issn":["1472-6947"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:35428335","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35428335","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC medical informatics and decision making","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:6356b62f150644558df51af25bf9eecd","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/6356b62f150644558df51af25bf9eecd","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making, Vol 22, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9011942","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9011942","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BMC Med Inform Decis Mak","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12911-022-01843-4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-022-01843-4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107516304","display_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","issn_l":"1472-6947","issn":["1472-6947"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1559473458","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"P41 EB028744","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337363","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7499439575","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"P30 CA014236","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","funder_display_name":"National Cancer Institute"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","display_name":"National Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337363","display_name":"National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering","ror":"https://ror.org/00372qc85"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1664251743","https://openalex.org/W1965667542","https://openalex.org/W2054929278","https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2137490534","https://openalex.org/W2141731928","https://openalex.org/W2250879510","https://openalex.org/W2328176404","https://openalex.org/W2334763311","https://openalex.org/W2338526423","https://openalex.org/W2518582440","https://openalex.org/W2562607067","https://openalex.org/W2611650229","https://openalex.org/W2761304371","https://openalex.org/W2765742249","https://openalex.org/W2772121968","https://openalex.org/W2896155826","https://openalex.org/W2899723212","https://openalex.org/W2901643192","https://openalex.org/W2918369972","https://openalex.org/W2922253728","https://openalex.org/W2927032858","https://openalex.org/W2944400536","https://openalex.org/W2962713692","https://openalex.org/W2963923670","https://openalex.org/W2964669888","https://openalex.org/W2976259715","https://openalex.org/W3004088204","https://openalex.org/W3005931683","https://openalex.org/W3007935259","https://openalex.org/W3010184102","https://openalex.org/W3012087326","https://openalex.org/W3101156210","https://openalex.org/W3159754263","https://openalex.org/W3217294131"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2353325398","https://openalex.org/W2367608902","https://openalex.org/W2359823483","https://openalex.org/W2558599680","https://openalex.org/W2392667367","https://openalex.org/W2381559703","https://openalex.org/W2353027778","https://openalex.org/W2381835873","https://openalex.org/W2938137567","https://openalex.org/W2381121659"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"There":[1],"is":[2,48],"progress":[3],"to":[4,12,61,97,149,324,351],"be":[5,73,348],"made":[6],"in":[7,31,128,332],"building":[8],"artificially":[9],"intelligent":[10],"systems":[11,115],"detect":[13],"abnormalities":[14],"that":[15,28,71],"are":[16],"not":[17],"only":[18],"accurate":[19],"but":[20],"can":[21,72,347],"handle":[22],"the":[23,41,86,133,146,229,240,247,253,279],"true":[24],"breadth":[25],"of":[26,51,57,78,104,185,195,216,246,266,298,328,355],"findings":[27],"radiologists":[29],"encounter":[30],"body":[32,68,333],"(chest,":[33],"abdomen,":[34],"and":[35,81,200,206,222,311,330],"pelvis)":[36],"computed":[37],"tomography":[38],"(CT).":[39],"Currently,":[40],"major":[42],"bottleneck":[43],"for":[44,67,88,102,155,162,289,306,360],"developing":[45],"multi-disease":[46],"classifiers":[47],"a":[49,76,94,193,213,290,294,326],"lack":[50],"manually":[52,197],"annotated":[53],"data.":[54],"The":[55,188,208,344],"purpose":[56],"this":[58],"work":[59],"was":[60,190,202,210,224,283,286,322],"develop":[62,98],"high":[63],"throughput":[64],"multi-label":[65],"annotators":[66],"CT":[69,334],"reports":[70,151,199,218,265,335],"applied":[74],"across":[75,252,275,313],"variety":[77,327],"abnormalities,":[79],"organs,":[80],"disease":[82,105,169,260,309,363],"states":[83],"thereby":[84],"mitigating":[85],"need":[87],"human":[89],"annotation.":[90],"METHODS:":[91],"We":[92,111],"used":[93],"dictionary":[95],"approach":[96],"rule-based":[99],"algorithms":[100,134],"(RBA)":[101],"extraction":[103],"labels":[106,148,261],"from":[107,262],"radiology":[108,264],"text":[109],"reports.":[110],"targeted":[112],"three":[113,315],"organ":[114,164,316],"(lungs/pleura,":[116],"liver/gallbladder,":[117],"kidneys/ureters)":[118],"with":[119,235,293,341],"four":[120,308],"diseases":[121,159,292,331],"per":[122],"system":[123],"based":[124],"on":[125,168,192],"their":[126],"prevalence":[127],"our":[129],"dataset.":[130],"To":[131],"expand":[132],"beyond":[135,338],"pre-defined":[136],"keywords,":[137],"attention-guided":[138],"recurrent":[139],"neural":[140],"networks":[141],"(RNN)":[142],"were":[143,172],"trained":[144],"using":[145,174,239],"RBA-extracted":[147],"classify":[150],"as":[152,180,182,204,226],"being":[153],"positive":[154],"one":[156],"or":[157,160,177],"more":[158],"normal":[161],"each":[163],"system.":[165],"Alternative":[166],"effects":[167],"classification":[170,301],"performance":[171,201,223,285],"evaluated":[173],"random":[175,273],"initialization":[176,274],"pre-trained":[178],"embedding":[179],"well":[181],"different":[183,255],"sizes":[184],"training":[186,280,361],"datasets.":[187],"RBA":[189,221,248],"tested":[191,211],"subset":[194],"2158":[196],"labeled":[198,219],"reported":[203,225],"accuracy":[205,251],"F-score.":[207],"RNN":[209],"against":[212],"test":[214],"set":[215],"48,758":[217],"by":[220,336],"area":[227],"under":[228],"receiver":[230],"operating":[231],"characteristic":[232],"curve":[233],"(AUC),":[234],"95%":[236],"CIs":[237],"calculated":[238],"DeLong":[241],"method.":[242],"RESULTS:":[243],"Manual":[244],"validation":[245],"confirmed":[249],"91-99%":[250],"15":[254],"labels.":[256],"Our":[257,319],"models":[258,271],"extracted":[259],"261,229":[263],"112,501":[267],"unique":[268],"subjects.":[269],"Pre-trained":[270,300],"outperformed":[272],"all":[276,307,314],"diseases.":[277],"As":[278],"dataset":[281],"size":[282],"reduced,":[284],"robust":[287],"except":[288],"few":[291],"relatively":[295],"small":[296],"number":[297],"cases.":[299],"AUCs":[302],"reached":[303],">":[304],"0.95":[305],"outcomes":[310],"normality":[312],"systems.":[317],"CONCLUSIONS:":[318],"label-extracting":[320],"pipeline":[321],"able":[323],"encompass":[325],"cases":[329],"generalizing":[337],"strict":[339],"rules":[340],"exceptional":[342],"accuracy.":[343],"method":[345],"described":[346],"easily":[349],"adapted":[350],"enable":[352],"automated":[353],"labeling":[354],"hospital-scale":[356],"medical":[357],"data":[358],"sets":[359],"image-based":[362],"classifiers.":[364]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}