{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4229045639","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-022-01798-6","title":"Fusing pre-trained convolutional neural networks features for multi-differentiated subtypes of liver cancer on histopathological images","display_name":"Fusing pre-trained convolutional neural networks features for multi-differentiated subtypes of liver cancer on histopathological images","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-05-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4229045639","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-022-01798-6","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35509058"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12911-022-01798-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-022-01798-6","pdf_url":"https://bmcmedinformdecismak.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12911-022-01798-6","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107516304","display_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","issn_l":"1472-6947","issn":["1472-6947"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://bmcmedinformdecismak.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12911-022-01798-6","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071822327","display_name":"Xiaogang Dong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2300-5563"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154093214","display_name":"Xinjiang Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01p455v08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154093214"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaogang Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Cancer Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, \u00dcr\u00fcmqi, Xinjiang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Cancer Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, \u00dcr\u00fcmqi, Xinjiang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154093214"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100400714","display_name":"Min Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9406-4707"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96908189","display_name":"Xinjiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/059gw8r13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Min Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Science and Engineering, Xinjiang University, \u00dcr\u00fcmqi, 830046, China","Key Laboratory of Signal Detection and Processing, Xinjiang University, \u00dcr\u00fcmqi, 830046, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Engineering, Xinjiang University, \u00dcr\u00fcmqi, 830046, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Signal Detection and Processing, Xinjiang University, \u00dcr\u00fcmqi, 830046, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068592392","display_name":"Panyun Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8930-7898"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96908189","display_name":"Xinjiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/059gw8r13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Panyun Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Software, Xinjiang University, \u00dcr\u00fcmqi, 830046, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Software, Xinjiang University, \u00dcr\u00fcmqi, 830046, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102915908","display_name":"Xin Deng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4237-8787"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96908189","display_name":"Xinjiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/059gw8r13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xin Deng","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Software, Xinjiang University, \u00dcr\u00fcmqi, 830046, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Software, Xinjiang University, \u00dcr\u00fcmqi, 830046, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100436439","display_name":"Siyu Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2537-5055"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96908189","display_name":"Xinjiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/059gw8r13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Siyu Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Software, Xinjiang University, \u00dcr\u00fcmqi, 830046, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Software, Xinjiang University, \u00dcr\u00fcmqi, 830046, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003975213","display_name":"Xingyue Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5626-242X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96908189","display_name":"Xinjiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/059gw8r13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xingyue Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Software, Xinjiang University, \u00dcr\u00fcmqi, 830046, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Software, Xinjiang University, \u00dcr\u00fcmqi, 830046, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082087246","display_name":"Yi Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0940-1316"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96908189","display_name":"Xinjiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/059gw8r13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Software, Xinjiang University, \u00dcr\u00fcmqi, 830046, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Software, Xinjiang University, \u00dcr\u00fcmqi, 830046, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086121472","display_name":"Jiwei Qin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7023-2630"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96908189","display_name":"Xinjiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/059gw8r13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiwei Qin","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Science and Engineering, Xinjiang University, \u00dcr\u00fcmqi, 830046, China. jwqin_xju@163.com","College of Information Science and Engineering, Xinjiang University, \u00dcr\u00fcmqi, 830046, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Engineering, Xinjiang University, \u00dcr\u00fcmqi, 830046, China. jwqin_xju@163.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Engineering, Xinjiang University, \u00dcr\u00fcmqi, 830046, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011160323","display_name":"Wenjia Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4255-3135"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154093214","display_name":"Xinjiang Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01p455v08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154093214"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210102015","display_name":"Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/015tqbb95","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210102015"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122141","display_name":"People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region","ror":"https://ror.org/02r247g67","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122141"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wenjia Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cancer Institute, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, \u00dcr\u00fcmqi, 830011, China. wenjia510@126.com","Key Laboratory of Oncology of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, \u00dcr\u00fcmqi, 830011, China. wenjia510@126.com","Cancer Institute, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, \u00dcr\u00fcmqi, 830011, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cancer Institute, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, \u00dcr\u00fcmqi, 830011, China. wenjia510@126.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210102015","https://openalex.org/I154093214"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Oncology of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, \u00dcr\u00fcmqi, 830011, China. wenjia510@126.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122141"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cancer Institute, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, \u00dcr\u00fcmqi, 830011, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154093214"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5011160323"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154093214","https://openalex.org/I4210102015","https://openalex.org/I4210122141"],"apc_list":{"value":1570,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1925},"apc_paid":{"value":1570,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1925},"fwci":1.3872,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83973943,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"1","first_page":"122","last_page":"122"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12422","display_name":"Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging","score":0.986299991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11659","display_name":"Advanced Image Fusion Techniques","score":0.972599983215332,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.8053125143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6985523700714111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6265877485275269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liver-cancer","display_name":"Liver cancer","score":0.6113348007202148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/histopathology","display_name":"Histopathology","score":0.5743259787559509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.4831659197807312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.48202311992645264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.46165525913238525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cancer","display_name":"Cancer","score":0.45043352246284485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.3416745066642761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pathology","display_name":"Pathology","score":0.33540529012680054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine","display_name":"Internal medicine","score":0.09055683016777039}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.8053125143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6985523700714111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6265877485275269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776231280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q623031","display_name":"Liver cancer","level":3,"score":0.6113348007202148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544855455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070952","display_name":"Histopathology","level":2,"score":0.5743259787559509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.4831659197807312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.48202311992645264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.46165525913238525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121608353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer","level":2,"score":0.45043352246284485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3416745066642761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.33540529012680054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.09055683016777039}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006528","descriptor_name":"Carcinoma, Hepatocellular","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006528","descriptor_name":"Carcinoma, Hepatocellular","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006528","descriptor_name":"Carcinoma, Hepatocellular","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006528","descriptor_name":"Carcinoma, Hepatocellular","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006528","descriptor_name":"Carcinoma, Hepatocellular","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006528","descriptor_name":"Carcinoma, Hepatocellular","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008113","descriptor_name":"Liver Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008113","descriptor_name":"Liver Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008113","descriptor_name":"Liver Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008113","descriptor_name":"Liver Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008113","descriptor_name":"Liver Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008113","descriptor_name":"Liver Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12911-022-01798-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-022-01798-6","pdf_url":"https://bmcmedinformdecismak.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12911-022-01798-6","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107516304","display_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","issn_l":"1472-6947","issn":["1472-6947"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:35509058","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35509058","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC medical informatics and decision making","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:38727f794cf34b209a14da23b5498dd1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/38727f794cf34b209a14da23b5498dd1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making, Vol 22, Iss 1, Pp 1-27 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9066403","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9066403","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BMC Med Inform Decis Mak","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12911-022-01798-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-022-01798-6","pdf_url":"https://bmcmedinformdecismak.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12911-022-01798-6","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107516304","display_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","issn_l":"1472-6947","issn":["1472-6947"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.5199999809265137}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G570390027","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"81760444","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4229045639.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4229045639.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":56,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1968153449","https://openalex.org/W2043833581","https://openalex.org/W2108728387","https://openalex.org/W2123185532","https://openalex.org/W2136251662","https://openalex.org/W2172000360","https://openalex.org/W2185808050","https://openalex.org/W2226153984","https://openalex.org/W2339885376","https://openalex.org/W2508457857","https://openalex.org/W2514628397","https://openalex.org/W2548615865","https://openalex.org/W2555466215","https://openalex.org/W2604249033","https://openalex.org/W2620578070","https://openalex.org/W2742679468","https://openalex.org/W2775671638","https://openalex.org/W2894084084","https://openalex.org/W2905065426","https://openalex.org/W2912922175","https://openalex.org/W2914284929","https://openalex.org/W2919115771","https://openalex.org/W2922464461","https://openalex.org/W2933939325","https://openalex.org/W2938704257","https://openalex.org/W2941712557","https://openalex.org/W2949226441","https://openalex.org/W2967800952","https://openalex.org/W2973410689","https://openalex.org/W2978144782","https://openalex.org/W2981841914","https://openalex.org/W2982562138","https://openalex.org/W2983595452","https://openalex.org/W2988235691","https://openalex.org/W3012945969","https://openalex.org/W3037740841","https://openalex.org/W3040373595","https://openalex.org/W3042585059","https://openalex.org/W3042703854","https://openalex.org/W3085574514","https://openalex.org/W3088629580","https://openalex.org/W3096646514","https://openalex.org/W3097754050","https://openalex.org/W3100398151","https://openalex.org/W3109462608","https://openalex.org/W3115167184","https://openalex.org/W3115656130","https://openalex.org/W3131926350","https://openalex.org/W3135959923","https://openalex.org/W3136979370","https://openalex.org/W3147142721","https://openalex.org/W3148150040","https://openalex.org/W3150538710","https://openalex.org/W3157093734","https://openalex.org/W3196669330","https://openalex.org/W3209733456"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3039419443","https://openalex.org/W4386772532","https://openalex.org/W4393212117","https://openalex.org/W4226493464","https://openalex.org/W4312417841","https://openalex.org/W3133861977","https://openalex.org/W2951211570","https://openalex.org/W3103566983","https://openalex.org/W3029198973","https://openalex.org/W4380075502"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Liver":[0],"cancer":[1,36,124,136,158,272],"is":[2,22,197,297],"a":[3,13,23,62,80,154,198,292],"malignant":[4],"tumor":[5],"with":[6,75,117,161,175,213,273],"high":[7],"morbidity":[8],"and":[9,56,78,103,146,180,206,209,291],"mortality,":[10],"which":[11,40,201,303],"has":[12,304],"tremendous":[14],"negative":[15],"impact":[16],"on":[17,65,153],"human":[18],"survival.":[19],"However,":[20],"it":[21,217,237],"challenging":[24],"task":[25,266],"to":[26,44,84,238],"recognize":[27],"tens":[28],"of":[29,31,34,59,92,121,134,156,222,230,241,243,246,267,270,281,295],"thousands":[30],"histopathological":[32],"images":[33,60,77,160],"liver":[35,123,135,157,247,271],"by":[37,190,226,285],"naked":[38],"eye,":[39],"poses":[41],"numerous":[42],"challenges":[43],"inexperienced":[45],"clinicians.":[46],"In":[47,108,249],"addition,":[48,250],"factors":[49],"such":[50],"as":[51],"long":[52],"time-consuming,":[53],"tedious":[54],"work":[55,106],"huge":[57],"number":[58],"impose":[61],"great":[63],"burden":[64],"clinical":[66],"diagnosis.":[67],"Therefore,":[68],"our":[69],"study":[70,240],"combines":[71],"convolutional":[72,143],"neural":[73,144],"networks":[74,145,194],"histopathology":[76,96,159],"adopts":[79],"feature":[81],"fusion":[82,193,276],"approach":[83],"help":[85],"clinicians":[86],"efficiently":[87],"discriminate":[88],"the":[89,112,166,220,228,239,254,264,274,282,300],"differentiation":[90,119,137,163],"types":[91,120,138,245,269],"primary":[93,122],"hepatocellular":[94],"carcinoma":[95],"images,":[97],"thus":[98],"improving":[99],"their":[100,105],"diagnostic":[101],"efficiency":[102],"relieving":[104],"pressure.":[107],"this":[109],"study,":[110],"for":[111,185],"first":[113],"time,":[114],"73":[115],"patients":[116],"different":[118,148,176,231],"tumors":[125],"were":[126,183],"classified.":[127],"We":[128],"performed":[129],"an":[130],"adequate":[131,186],"classification":[132,242,265],"evaluation":[133],"using":[139],"four":[140],"pre-trained":[141],"deep":[142],"nine":[147],"machine":[149],"learning":[150,227,257],"(ML)":[151],"classifiers":[152,262],"dataset":[155],"multiple":[162],"types.":[164],"And":[165],"test":[167,301],"set":[168,171],"accuracy,":[169,172],"validation":[170],"running":[173],"time":[174],"strategies,":[177],"precision,":[178],"recall":[179],"F1":[181],"value":[182],"used":[184],"comparative":[187],"evaluation.":[188],"Proved":[189],"experimental":[191],"results,":[192],"(FuNet)":[195],"structure":[196],"good":[199],"choice,":[200],"covers":[202],"both":[203],"channel":[204,211],"attention":[205],"spatial":[207,224],"attention,":[208],"suppresses":[210],"interference":[212],"less":[214],"information.":[215],"Meanwhile,":[216],"can":[218],"clarify":[219],"importance":[221],"each":[223],"location":[225],"weights":[229],"locations":[232],"in":[233,251,263,299],"space,":[234],"then":[235],"apply":[236],"multi-differentiated":[244],"cancer.":[248],"most":[252],"cases,":[253],"Stacking-based":[255],"integrated":[256],"classifier":[258],"outperforms":[259],"other":[260],"ML":[261],"multi-differentiation":[268],"FuNet":[275],"strategy":[277],"after":[278],"dimensionality":[279],"reduction":[280],"fused":[283],"features":[284],"principle":[286],"component":[287],"analysis":[288],"(PCA)":[289],"features,":[290],"satisfactory":[293],"result":[294],"72.46%":[296],"achieved":[298],"set,":[302],"certain":[305],"practicality.":[306]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}