{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3012616633","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-020-1059-6","title":"Design and implementation of a mobile health electronic data capture platform that functions in fully-disconnected settings: a pilot study in rural Liberia","display_name":"Design and implementation of a mobile health electronic data capture platform that functions in fully-disconnected settings: a pilot study in rural Liberia","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-02-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3012616633","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-020-1059-6","mag":"3012616633","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32087731"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12911-020-1059-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-020-1059-6","pdf_url":"https://bmcmedinformdecismak.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s12911-020-1059-6","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107516304","display_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","issn_l":"1472-6947","issn":["1472-6947"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://bmcmedinformdecismak.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s12911-020-1059-6","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001450693","display_name":"Avi Kenny","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9465-7307"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126345244","display_name":"Portland State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00yn2fy02","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126345244"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Avi Kenny","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, 1705 NE Pacific Street F-600, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA. avikenny@uw.edu","Last Mile Health, 205 Portland St #200, Boston, MA, 02114, USA. avikenny@uw.edu","Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, 1705 NE Pacific Street F-600, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9465-7307","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, 1705 NE Pacific Street F-600, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA. avikenny@uw.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Last Mile Health, 205 Portland St #200, Boston, MA, 02114, USA. avikenny@uw.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126345244"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, 1705 NE Pacific Street F-600, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059297977","display_name":"Nicholas Gordon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9570-3168"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nicholas Gordon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Last Mile Health, 205 Portland St #200, Boston, MA, 02114, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Last Mile Health, 205 Portland St #200, Boston, MA, 02114, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071795791","display_name":"Jordan Downey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0167-9663"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jordan Downey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Last Mile Health, 205 Portland St #200, Boston, MA, 02114, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Last Mile Health, 205 Portland St #200, Boston, MA, 02114, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050565442","display_name":"Owen Eddins","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Owen Eddins","raw_affiliation_strings":["Last Mile Health, 205 Portland St #200, Boston, MA, 02114, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Last Mile Health, 205 Portland St #200, Boston, MA, 02114, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006306984","display_name":"Kathleen Buchholz","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kathleen Buchholz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Last Mile Health, 205 Portland St #200, Boston, MA, 02114, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Last Mile Health, 205 Portland St #200, Boston, MA, 02114, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089064011","display_name":"Alvin Menyon","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alvin Menyon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Last Mile Health, 205 Portland St #200, Boston, MA, 02114, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Last Mile Health, 205 Portland St #200, Boston, MA, 02114, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082231362","display_name":"William Mansah","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149743910","display_name":"University of Liberia","ror":"https://ror.org/0440cy367","country_code":"LR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149743910"]}],"countries":["LR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William Mansah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Liberia Ministry of Health, Tubman Blvd, Congo Town, Monrovia, Liberia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Liberia Ministry of Health, Tubman Blvd, Congo Town, Monrovia, Liberia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149743910"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5001450693"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126345244","https://openalex.org/I201448701"],"apc_list":{"value":1570,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1925},"apc_paid":{"value":1570,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1925},"fwci":1.9492,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89313438,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"1","first_page":"39","last_page":"39"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13194","display_name":"ICT in Developing Communities","score":0.9020000100135803,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13194","display_name":"ICT in Developing Communities","score":0.9020000100135803,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11446","display_name":"Mobile Health and mHealth Applications","score":0.05810000002384186,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10209","display_name":"Global Maternal and Child Health","score":0.0027000000700354576,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2735","display_name":"Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7368141412734985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/android","display_name":"Android (operating system)","score":0.5982945561408997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bluetooth","display_name":"Bluetooth","score":0.5127376317977905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-access","display_name":"Internet access","score":0.4609885811805725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cellular-network","display_name":"Cellular network","score":0.45459794998168945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-device","display_name":"Mobile device","score":0.4508896470069885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-transmission","display_name":"Data transmission","score":0.4205024540424347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-broadband","display_name":"Mobile broadband","score":0.41852259635925293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.36357009410858154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.36318445205688477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.33559301495552063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.32671624422073364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2787732481956482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.18065795302391052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.1312791109085083}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7368141412734985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C557433098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q94","display_name":"Android (operating system)","level":2,"score":0.5982945561408997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C546215728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39531","display_name":"Bluetooth","level":3,"score":0.5127376317977905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83849155","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1472399","display_name":"Internet access","level":3,"score":0.4609885811805725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153646914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535695","display_name":"Cellular network","level":2,"score":0.45459794998168945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186967261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5082128","display_name":"Mobile device","level":2,"score":0.4508896470069885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C557945733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q389772","display_name":"Data transmission","level":2,"score":0.4205024540424347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78834623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q640394","display_name":"Mobile broadband","level":3,"score":0.41852259635925293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.36357009410858154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.36318445205688477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.33559301495552063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.32671624422073364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2787732481956482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.18065795302391052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.1312791109085083}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003150","descriptor_name":"Community Health Workers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003150","descriptor_name":"Community Health Workers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003150","descriptor_name":"Community Health Workers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003625","descriptor_name":"Data Collection","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003625","descriptor_name":"Data Collection","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003625","descriptor_name":"Data Collection","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007988","descriptor_name":"Liberia","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007988","descriptor_name":"Liberia","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007988","descriptor_name":"Liberia","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010865","descriptor_name":"Pilot Projects","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010865","descriptor_name":"Pilot Projects","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010865","descriptor_name":"Pilot Projects","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012424","descriptor_name":"Rural Population","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012424","descriptor_name":"Rural Population","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012424","descriptor_name":"Rural Population","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015397","descriptor_name":"Program Evaluation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015397","descriptor_name":"Program Evaluation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015397","descriptor_name":"Program Evaluation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017216","descriptor_name":"Telemedicine","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017216","descriptor_name":"Telemedicine","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017216","descriptor_name":"Telemedicine","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D040421","descriptor_name":"Cell Phone","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D040421","descriptor_name":"Cell Phone","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D040421","descriptor_name":"Cell Phone","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D063731","descriptor_name":"Mobile Applications","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D063731","descriptor_name":"Mobile Applications","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D063731","descriptor_name":"Mobile Applications","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12911-020-1059-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-020-1059-6","pdf_url":"https://bmcmedinformdecismak.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s12911-020-1059-6","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107516304","display_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","issn_l":"1472-6947","issn":["1472-6947"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:32087731","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32087731","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC medical informatics and decision making","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c74a5b22271248a999bc7cddac983ced","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c74a5b22271248a999bc7cddac983ced","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making, Vol 20, Iss 1, Pp 1-8 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7036217","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7036217","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BMC Med Inform Decis Mak","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12911-020-1059-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-020-1059-6","pdf_url":"https://bmcmedinformdecismak.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s12911-020-1059-6","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107516304","display_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","issn_l":"1472-6947","issn":["1472-6947"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332718","display_name":"Pfizer Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/01xdqrp08"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3012616633.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3012616633.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1933129890","https://openalex.org/W1964470889","https://openalex.org/W2011708099","https://openalex.org/W2022401640","https://openalex.org/W2028083101","https://openalex.org/W2029826216","https://openalex.org/W2053223499","https://openalex.org/W2065110738","https://openalex.org/W2091176597","https://openalex.org/W2101677629","https://openalex.org/W2114608579","https://openalex.org/W2118163324","https://openalex.org/W2132323481","https://openalex.org/W2134576619","https://openalex.org/W2135595753","https://openalex.org/W2152770823","https://openalex.org/W2177194538","https://openalex.org/W2410716714","https://openalex.org/W2496590156","https://openalex.org/W2745719306","https://openalex.org/W6887834120"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1134317548","https://openalex.org/W3121562193","https://openalex.org/W2986629030","https://openalex.org/W4232529232","https://openalex.org/W2380041584","https://openalex.org/W1984495706","https://openalex.org/W2461269989","https://openalex.org/W2539942561","https://openalex.org/W2545970329","https://openalex.org/W1516145295"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Mobile":[1],"phones":[2,36],"and":[3,21,46,55,70,108,152,165,172,211,227,241],"personal":[4],"digital":[5],"assistants":[6],"have":[7,22,138],"been":[8],"used":[9,128,188],"for":[10,17,91,160,195,287],"data":[11,31,53,99,110,163,199,210,285],"collection":[12],"in":[13,39,62,72,130,204,230,302,313,317],"developing":[14],"world":[15],"settings":[16,303,316],"over":[18,269],"three":[19],"decades,":[20],"become":[23],"increasingly":[24],"common.":[25],"However,":[26,121],"the":[27,60,141,256,264,273,321],"use":[28],"of":[29,102,104,177,222,234,279,320],"electronic":[30],"capture":[32],"(EDC)":[33],"through":[34],"mobile":[35,86],"is":[37,59,266,308],"limited":[38],"many":[40,66],"areas":[41,73],"by":[42],"inconsistent":[43],"network":[44,119,258,306],"connectivity":[45,79,240],"poor":[47],"access":[48,76,139,243],"to":[49,77,97,111,140,150,189,244,261],"electricity,":[50],"which":[51,205,318],"thwart":[52],"transmission":[54],"device":[56],"usage.":[57],"This":[58,147],"case":[61],"rural":[63,235],"Liberia,":[64],"where":[65,133,304],"health":[67,225],"workers":[68,226],"live":[69],"work":[71],"without":[74],"any":[75],"cellular":[78,239,257,305],"or":[80,143,289],"reliable":[81],"power.":[82],"Many":[83],"existing":[84],"EDC":[85,155,191,251,299],"software":[87,156],"tools":[88,123],"are":[89],"built":[90],"occasionally-disconnected":[92],"settings,":[93,132],"allowing":[94],"a":[95,105,112,118,134,144,202,220,231,249],"user":[96,135],"collect":[98,209,284],"while":[100],"out":[101],"range":[103],"cell":[106,145],"tower":[107],"transmit":[109],"central":[113],"server":[114],"when":[115,296],"he/she":[116],"regains":[117],"connection.":[120],"few":[122],"exist":[124],"that":[125,158,185,193,253],"can":[126,186,208,282],"be":[127,187,262,325],"indefinitely":[129],"fully-disconnected":[131],"will":[136],"never":[137],"internet":[142],"network.":[146],"led":[148],"us":[149],"create":[151,190],"implement":[153],"an":[154,174],"tool":[157],"allows":[159,194],"completely":[161,254],"offline":[162,196,286],"transfer":[164],"application":[166,184,213],"updating.":[167],"RESULTS:":[168],"We":[169,215],"designed,":[170],"pilot-tested,":[171],"scaled":[173],"open-source":[175],"fork":[176],"Open":[178],"Data":[179],"Kit":[180],"Collect":[181],"(an":[182],"Android":[183],"systems)":[192],"Bluetooth-based":[197],"bidirectional":[198],"transfer,":[200],"enabling":[201],"system":[203,265],"permanently-offline":[206],"users":[207,278],"receive":[212,293],"updates.":[214],"implemented":[216],"this":[217,280],"platform":[218],"among":[219],"cohort":[221],"317":[223],"community":[224],"28":[228],"supervisors":[229],"remote":[232],"area":[233],"Liberia":[236],"with":[237],"incomplete":[238],"low":[242],"power":[245],"sources.":[246],"CONCLUSIONS:":[247],"Running":[248],"fully-offline":[250],"program":[252,281],"bypasses":[255],"was":[259],"found":[260],"feasible;":[263],"still":[267],"running,":[268],"4":[270],"years":[271],"after":[272],"initial":[274],"pilot":[275],"program.":[276],"The":[277],"theoretically":[283],"months":[288],"years,":[290],"assuming":[291],"they":[292],"hardware":[294],"support":[295],"needed.":[297],"Fully-offline":[298],"has":[300],"applications":[301],"coverage":[307],"poor,":[309],"as":[310,312],"well":[311],"disaster":[314],"relief":[315],"portions":[319],"communications":[322],"infrastructure":[323],"may":[324],"temporarily":[326],"nonfunctional.":[327]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}