{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4391437034","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12880-024-01192-w","title":"A methodical exploration of imaging modalities from dataset to detection through machine learning paradigms in prominent lung disease diagnosis: a review","display_name":"A methodical exploration of imaging modalities from dataset to detection through machine learning paradigms in prominent lung disease diagnosis: a review","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4391437034","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12880-024-01192-w","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38302883"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12880-024-01192-w","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12880-024-01192-w","pdf_url":"https://bmcmedimaging.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12880-024-01192-w","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S6505649","display_name":"BMC Medical Imaging","issn_l":"1471-2342","issn":["1471-2342"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Medical Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://bmcmedimaging.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12880-024-01192-w","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Sunil Kumar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I229991691","display_name":"Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University","ror":"https://ror.org/040qxz868","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I229991691"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55124831","display_name":"J.C. Bose University of Science & Technology, YMCA","ror":"https://ror.org/014jqnm52","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55124831"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sunil Kumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, J. C. Bose University of Science and Technology, YMCA, Faridabad, India","Department of Information Technology, School of Engineering and Technology (UIET), CSJM University, Kanpur, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, J. C. Bose University of Science and Technology, YMCA, Faridabad, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55124831"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Technology, School of Engineering and Technology (UIET), CSJM University, Kanpur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I229991691"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073188085","display_name":"Harish Kumar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55124831","display_name":"J.C. Bose University of Science & Technology, YMCA","ror":"https://ror.org/014jqnm52","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55124831"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Harish Kumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, J. C. Bose University of Science and Technology, YMCA, Faridabad, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, J. C. Bose University of Science and Technology, YMCA, Faridabad, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55124831"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048020897","display_name":"Gyanendra Kumar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0791-3094"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I73779912","display_name":"Manipal University Jaipur","ror":"https://ror.org/040h76494","country_code":null,"type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I73779912"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gyanendra Kumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer and Communication Engineering, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer and Communication Engineering, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I73779912"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025170569","display_name":"Shailendra Pratap Singh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2996-0374"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3129773123","display_name":"Bennett University","ror":"https://ror.org/00an5hx75","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3129773123"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shailendra Pratap Singh","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Engineering and Technology, Bennet University, Greater Noida, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Engineering and Technology, Bennet University, Greater Noida, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3129773123"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006494540","display_name":"Anchit Bijalwan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9612-9073"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I42869670","display_name":"Arba Minch University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ssp9h11","country_code":"ET","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I42869670"]}],"countries":["ET"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Anchit Bijalwan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia. anchit.bijalwan@amu.edu.et","Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia. anchit.bijalwan@amu.edu.et","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I42869670"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I42869670"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009046975","display_name":"Manoj Diwakar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4435-675X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60054993","display_name":"Graphic Era University","ror":"https://ror.org/03wqgqd89","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60054993"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manoj Diwakar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Graphic Era Deemed to Be University, Dehradun, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Graphic Era Deemed to Be University, Dehradun, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60054993"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5006494540"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I42869670"],"apc_list":{"value":1690,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":2072},"apc_paid":{"value":1690,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":2072},"fwci":23.3886,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":64,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99752974,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"1","first_page":"30","last_page":"30"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11775","display_name":"COVID-19 diagnosis using AI","score":0.6123999953269958,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11775","display_name":"COVID-19 diagnosis using AI","score":0.6123999953269958,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12422","display_name":"Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging","score":0.1266999989748001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10202","display_name":"Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.05620000138878822,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modalities","display_name":"Modalities","score":0.6706337928771973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.6502217650413513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5851178169250488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-resonance-imaging","display_name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","score":0.5662253499031067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5464692115783691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lung-cancer","display_name":"Lung cancer","score":0.5258539319038391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computed-tomography","display_name":"Computed tomography","score":0.522742748260498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-imaging","display_name":"Medical imaging","score":0.5140649080276489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.48916223645210266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/positron-emission-tomography","display_name":"Positron emission tomography","score":0.47220784425735474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lung","display_name":"Lung","score":0.4477415978908539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pneumonia","display_name":"Pneumonia","score":0.4384536147117615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-physics","display_name":"Medical physics","score":0.4177320897579193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiology","display_name":"Radiology","score":0.4131661355495453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.4003923833370209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pathology","display_name":"Pathology","score":0.20302248001098633}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779903281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888026","display_name":"Modalities","level":2,"score":0.6706337928771973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.6502217650413513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5851178169250488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143409427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161238","display_name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","level":2,"score":0.5662253499031067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5464692115783691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776256026","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47912","display_name":"Lung cancer","level":2,"score":0.5258539319038391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544519230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q32566","display_name":"Computed tomography","level":2,"score":0.522742748260498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31601959","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q931309","display_name":"Medical imaging","level":2,"score":0.5140649080276489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.48916223645210266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775842073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208376","display_name":"Positron emission tomography","level":2,"score":0.47220784425735474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777714996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7886","display_name":"Lung","level":2,"score":0.4477415978908539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777914695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12192","display_name":"Pneumonia","level":2,"score":0.4384536147117615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19527891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120908","display_name":"Medical physics","level":1,"score":0.4177320897579193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.4131661355495453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4003923833370209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.20302248001098633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008171","descriptor_name":"Lung Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008171","descriptor_name":"Lung Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008171","descriptor_name":"Lung Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008171","descriptor_name":"Lung Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008175","descriptor_name":"Lung Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008175","descriptor_name":"Lung Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008175","descriptor_name":"Lung Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008175","descriptor_name":"Lung Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12880-024-01192-w","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12880-024-01192-w","pdf_url":"https://bmcmedimaging.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12880-024-01192-w","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S6505649","display_name":"BMC Medical Imaging","issn_l":"1471-2342","issn":["1471-2342"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Medical Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:38302883","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38302883","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC medical imaging","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10832080","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10832080","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10832080/pdf/12880_2024_Article_1192.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BMC Med Imaging","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d2f67111a77f494dadfbc3f279aa19bf","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d2f67111a77f494dadfbc3f279aa19bf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BMC Medical Imaging, Vol 24, Iss 1, Pp 1-42 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12880-024-01192-w","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12880-024-01192-w","pdf_url":"https://bmcmedimaging.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12880-024-01192-w","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S6505649","display_name":"BMC Medical Imaging","issn_l":"1471-2342","issn":["1471-2342"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Medical Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.800000011920929}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4391437034.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":154,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1568725487","https://openalex.org/W1622676895","https://openalex.org/W1963524534","https://openalex.org/W1966503450","https://openalex.org/W2096801887","https://openalex.org/W2154595715","https://openalex.org/W2323544205","https://openalex.org/W2607941059","https://openalex.org/W2611650229","https://openalex.org/W2617669016","https://openalex.org/W2725176877","https://openalex.org/W2738352648","https://openalex.org/W2762336051","https://openalex.org/W2788633781","https://openalex.org/W2797161113","https://openalex.org/W2802703689","https://openalex.org/W2804524829","https://openalex.org/W2807876212","https://openalex.org/W2810767764","https://openalex.org/W2879634298","https://openalex.org/W2898634227","https://openalex.org/W2898891934","https://openalex.org/W2899257989","https://openalex.org/W2913292019","https://openalex.org/W2916099831","https://openalex.org/W2919115771","https://openalex.org/W2936714260","https://openalex.org/W2949301588","https://openalex.org/W2954001886","https://openalex.org/W2954936648","https://openalex.org/W2959400106","https://openalex.org/W2964317695","https://openalex.org/W2970257897","https://openalex.org/W2981777580","https://openalex.org/W2990280407","https://openalex.org/W2991000712","https://openalex.org/W2995225687","https://openalex.org/W3007316198","https://openalex.org/W3012774668","https://openalex.org/W3012895958","https://openalex.org/W3013277995","https://openalex.org/W3013507463","https://openalex.org/W3014337038","https://openalex.org/W3021960267","https://openalex.org/W3023180050","https://openalex.org/W3028427008","https://openalex.org/W3030130062","https://openalex.org/W3033616466","https://openalex.org/W3034560014","https://openalex.org/W3036661413","https://openalex.org/W3086462707","https://openalex.org/W3091787675","https://openalex.org/W3095890025","https://openalex.org/W3097517628","https://openalex.org/W3101156210","https://openalex.org/W3101520758","https://openalex.org/W3101606529","https://openalex.org/W3105081694","https://openalex.org/W3109289137","https://openalex.org/W3109889636","https://openalex.org/W3112568374","https://openalex.org/W3114128166","https://openalex.org/W3119043966","https://openalex.org/W3120433096","https://openalex.org/W3126588155","https://openalex.org/W3126691151","https://openalex.org/W3129576291","https://openalex.org/W3130742847","https://openalex.org/W3135028703","https://openalex.org/W3135057764","https://openalex.org/W3135079895","https://openalex.org/W3137180645","https://openalex.org/W3138287620","https://openalex.org/W3140854437","https://openalex.org/W3149839747","https://openalex.org/W3162351260","https://openalex.org/W3184777284","https://openalex.org/W3188420479","https://openalex.org/W3194028489","https://openalex.org/W3204484630","https://openalex.org/W3209254411","https://openalex.org/W3214421996","https://openalex.org/W3214514486","https://openalex.org/W3215555435","https://openalex.org/W3217183564","https://openalex.org/W4200197328","https://openalex.org/W4200363845","https://openalex.org/W4205480269","https://openalex.org/W4205867735","https://openalex.org/W4206564475","https://openalex.org/W4210512011","https://openalex.org/W4210805806","https://openalex.org/W4213035857","https://openalex.org/W4214860167","https://openalex.org/W4221092042","https://openalex.org/W4224287119","https://openalex.org/W4280517213","https://openalex.org/W4280585051","https://openalex.org/W4281712998","https://openalex.org/W4282979754","https://openalex.org/W4283387425","https://openalex.org/W4283662029","https://openalex.org/W4285090260","https://openalex.org/W4285503023","https://openalex.org/W4286435938","https://openalex.org/W4288627341","https://openalex.org/W4289109734","https://openalex.org/W4293029376","https://openalex.org/W4293051434","https://openalex.org/W4293428666","https://openalex.org/W4293791110","https://openalex.org/W4294147103","https://openalex.org/W4294489618","https://openalex.org/W4295025118","https://openalex.org/W4296638035","https://openalex.org/W4300961627","https://openalex.org/W4302009409","https://openalex.org/W4303710157","https://openalex.org/W4306836225","https://openalex.org/W4306950974","https://openalex.org/W4307942371","https://openalex.org/W4308160156","https://openalex.org/W4308427283","https://openalex.org/W4309683776","https://openalex.org/W4310476839","https://openalex.org/W4310985374","https://openalex.org/W4311770733","https://openalex.org/W4311855701","https://openalex.org/W4382808864","https://openalex.org/W4383340560","https://openalex.org/W4385075889","https://openalex.org/W4387409616","https://openalex.org/W4387744677","https://openalex.org/W4387744719","https://openalex.org/W4388461237","https://openalex.org/W6884884380","https://openalex.org/W6887856049","https://openalex.org/W6902924449","https://openalex.org/W6902931493","https://openalex.org/W6902975169","https://openalex.org/W6903054250","https://openalex.org/W6903179762","https://openalex.org/W6921636763","https://openalex.org/W6922016346","https://openalex.org/W6939163108","https://openalex.org/W6940593862","https://openalex.org/W6940613197","https://openalex.org/W6940910937","https://openalex.org/W6944064214","https://openalex.org/W6959102990","https://openalex.org/W6959232061","https://openalex.org/W6959576703","https://openalex.org/W6977944434","https://openalex.org/W6978060002"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2185469136","https://openalex.org/W2011264131","https://openalex.org/W4306353150","https://openalex.org/W2026860389","https://openalex.org/W8219677","https://openalex.org/W3216879894","https://openalex.org/W2890132085","https://openalex.org/W4293226380","https://openalex.org/W4379801084","https://openalex.org/W4323287533"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Lung":[1],"diseases,":[2],"both":[3],"infectious":[4],"and":[5,25,55,85,93,107,151,164,191,235,257,266],"non-infectious,":[6],"are":[7,57,81,124,202,211,224,269],"the":[8,16,115,157,280],"most":[9,281],"prevalent":[10],"cause":[11],"of":[12,135,159,255],"mortality":[13],"overall":[14],"in":[15,60,219,259],"world.":[17],"Medical":[18],"research":[19,116,196],"has":[20,245],"identified":[21],"pneumonia,":[22,177,206],"lung":[23,33,96,112,129,178,216,262],"cancer,":[24,179],"Corona":[26],"Virus":[27],"Disease":[28],"2019":[29],"(COVID-19)":[30],"as":[31,72,176],"prominent":[32,95,111,128,261],"diseases":[34],"prioritized":[35,225],"over":[36,226],"others.":[37],"Imaging":[38,79],"modalities,":[39,183],"including":[40],"X-rays,":[41],"computer":[42],"tomography":[43,52],"(CT)":[44],"scans,":[45,54],"magnetic":[46],"resonance":[47],"imaging":[48,104,182,242],"(MRIs),":[49],"positron":[50],"emission":[51],"(PET)":[53],"others,":[56],"primarily":[58],"employed":[59],"medical":[61],"assessments":[62],"because":[63],"they":[64],"provide":[65],"computed":[66],"data":[67],"that":[68,123,138,199,233,248],"can":[69],"be":[70],"utilized":[71],"input":[73],"datasets":[74,80,120,201,210,223],"for":[75,110,127,156,173,204,214,284],"computer-assisted":[76],"diagnostic":[77],"systems.":[78],"used":[82,126,155,166],"to":[83,91,142,167,272,274],"develop":[84],"evaluate":[86],"machine":[87],"learning":[88,265,268],"(ML)":[89],"methods":[90],"analyze":[92],"predict":[94],"diseases.":[97,113,130,263],"OBJECTIVE:":[98],"This":[99,195],"review":[100],"analyzes":[101],"ML":[102],"paradigms,":[103],"modalities'":[105],"utilization,":[106],"recent":[108],"developments":[109],"Furthermore,":[114,218,277],"also":[117],"explores":[118],"various":[119,181],"available":[121],"publically":[122],"being":[125],"METHODS:":[131],"The":[132,230],"well-known":[133],"databases":[134],"academic":[136],"studies":[137],"have":[139,238],"been":[140,246],"subjected":[141],"peer":[143],"review,":[144,174],"namely":[145],"ScienceDirect,":[146],"arXiv,":[147],"IEEE":[148],"Xplore,":[149],"MDPI,":[150],"many":[152],"more,":[153],"were":[154],"search":[158,168],"relevant":[160],"articles.":[161],"Applied":[162],"keywords":[163],"combinations":[165],"procedures":[169],"with":[170],"primary":[171],"considerations":[172],"such":[175],"COVID-19,":[180],"ML,":[184],"convolutional":[185],"neural":[186],"networks":[187],"(CNNs),":[188],"transfer":[189],"learning,":[190],"ensemble":[192,267],"learning.":[193],"RESULTS:":[194],"finding":[197],"indicates":[198],"X-ray":[200,222],"preferred":[203],"detecting":[205,215],"while":[207],"CT":[208,227,236],"scan":[209,228],"predominantly":[212],"favored":[213,282],"cancer.":[217],"COVID-19":[220],"detection,":[221],"datasets.":[229],"analysis":[231],"reveals":[232],"X-rays":[234],"scans":[237],"surpassed":[239],"all":[240],"other":[241],"techniques.":[243],"It":[244],"observed":[247],"using":[249],"CNNs":[250,273],"yields":[251],"a":[252],"high":[253],"degree":[254],"accuracy":[256,278],"practicability":[258],"identifying":[260],"Transfer":[264],"complementary":[270],"techniques":[271],"facilitate":[275],"analysis.":[276],"is":[279],"metric":[283],"assessment.":[285]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":37},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":18}],"updated_date":"2026-06-03T09:05:47.796612","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
