{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411877969","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12859-025-06151-y","title":"Ensemble machine learning-based pre-trained annotation approach for scRNA-seq data using gradient boosting with genetic optimizer","display_name":"Ensemble machine learning-based pre-trained annotation approach for scRNA-seq data using gradient boosting with genetic optimizer","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411877969","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12859-025-06151-y","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40596854"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12859-025-06151-y","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12859-025-06151-y","pdf_url":"https://bmcbioinformatics.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12859-025-06151-y","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S19032547","display_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1471-2105","issn":["1471-2105"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://bmcbioinformatics.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12859-025-06151-y","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033102325","display_name":"Osama Elnahas","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3131625388","display_name":"University Town of Shenzhen","ror":"https://ror.org/05f5j6225","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3131625388"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180726961","display_name":"Shenzhen University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vy4gh70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91041137","display_name":"Assiut University","ror":"https://ror.org/01jaj8n65","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91041137"]}],"countries":["CN","EG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Osama Elnahas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt","School of Mathematical Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91041137"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematical Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180726961","https://openalex.org/I3131625388"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001127548","display_name":"Waleed M. Ead","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2969-2269"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52207611","display_name":"Al Baha University","ror":"https://ror.org/0403jak37","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52207611"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113643904","display_name":"Beni-Suef University","ror":"https://ror.org/05pn4yv70","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113643904"]}],"countries":["EG","SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Waleed M. Ead","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computing and Information, Al-Baha University, Al-Baha, Saudi Arabia","Faculty of computers and artificial intelligence, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computing and Information, Al-Baha University, Al-Baha, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52207611"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of computers and artificial intelligence, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113643904"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079234443","display_name":"Yushan Qiu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9393-3648"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yushan Qiu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mathematical Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, China. yushan.qiu@szu.edu.cn"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematical Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, China. yushan.qiu@szu.edu.cn","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089831591","display_name":"Jian L\u00fc","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9144-7486"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jian Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Center for Applied Mathematics Shenzhen NCAMS, Shenzhen, China. jianlu@szu.edu.cn","School of Mathematical Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, China. jianlu@szu.edu.cn","Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Machine Learning and Applications, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, China. jianlu@szu.edu.cn"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Center for Applied Mathematics Shenzhen NCAMS, Shenzhen, China. jianlu@szu.edu.cn","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematical Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, China. jianlu@szu.edu.cn","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Machine Learning and Applications, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, China. jianlu@szu.edu.cn","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5033102325"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180726961","https://openalex.org/I3131625388","https://openalex.org/I91041137"],"apc_list":{"value":1690,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":2072},"apc_paid":{"value":1690,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":2072},"fwci":1.4823,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82513793,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"26","issue":"1","first_page":"166","last_page":"166"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11289","display_name":"Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11289","display_name":"Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10062","display_name":"MicroRNA in disease regulation","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1306","display_name":"Cancer Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10515","display_name":"Cancer-related molecular mechanisms research","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1306","display_name":"Cancer Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7089313864707947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boosting","display_name":"Boosting (machine learning)","score":0.6842339038848877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gradient-boosting","display_name":"Gradient boosting","score":0.6170142292976379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.6145591735839844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.608654260635376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ensemble-learning","display_name":"Ensemble learning","score":0.5894484519958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/annotation","display_name":"Annotation","score":0.5338918566703796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dna-microarray","display_name":"DNA microarray","score":0.4183107316493988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-forest","display_name":"Random forest","score":0.13495740294456482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.1255926489830017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gene","display_name":"Gene","score":0.07362285256385803}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7089313864707947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46686674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466303","display_name":"Boosting (machine learning)","level":2,"score":0.6842339038848877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70153297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5591907","display_name":"Gradient boosting","level":3,"score":0.6170142292976379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.6145591735839844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.608654260635376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45942800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245652","display_name":"Ensemble learning","level":2,"score":0.5894484519958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776321320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857525","display_name":"Annotation","level":2,"score":0.5338918566703796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95371953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q591745","display_name":"DNA microarray","level":4,"score":0.4183107316493988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169258074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245748","display_name":"Random forest","level":2,"score":0.13495740294456482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.1255926489830017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.07362285256385803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150194340","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26972","display_name":"Gene expression","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000081246","descriptor_name":"RNA-Seq","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000081246","descriptor_name":"RNA-Seq","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000081246","descriptor_name":"RNA-Seq","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000081246","descriptor_name":"RNA-Seq","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000092386","descriptor_name":"Single-Cell Gene Expression Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000092386","descriptor_name":"Single-Cell Gene Expression Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000092386","descriptor_name":"Single-Cell Gene Expression Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000092386","descriptor_name":"Single-Cell Gene Expression Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017423","descriptor_name":"Sequence Analysis, RNA","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017423","descriptor_name":"Sequence Analysis, RNA","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017423","descriptor_name":"Sequence Analysis, RNA","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017423","descriptor_name":"Sequence Analysis, RNA","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D058977","descriptor_name":"Molecular Sequence Annotation","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D058977","descriptor_name":"Molecular Sequence Annotation","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D058977","descriptor_name":"Molecular Sequence Annotation","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D058977","descriptor_name":"Molecular Sequence Annotation","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D059010","descriptor_name":"Single-Cell Analysis","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D059010","descriptor_name":"Single-Cell Analysis","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D059010","descriptor_name":"Single-Cell Analysis","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D059010","descriptor_name":"Single-Cell Analysis","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12859-025-06151-y","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12859-025-06151-y","pdf_url":"https://bmcbioinformatics.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12859-025-06151-y","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S19032547","display_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1471-2105","issn":["1471-2105"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:40596854","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40596854","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC bioinformatics","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:4f84049158cd40518258199476fdd377","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/4f84049158cd40518258199476fdd377","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BMC Bioinformatics, Vol 26, Iss 1, Pp 1-20 (2025)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:12220795","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12220795","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12859-025-06151-y","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12859-025-06151-y","pdf_url":"https://bmcbioinformatics.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12859-025-06151-y","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S19032547","display_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1471-2105","issn":["1471-2105"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1121271761","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Program","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1231421488","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"under","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1477544716","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Guangdong","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2342200591","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51501191","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2981938667","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Shenzhen","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3014979221","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"6237230","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G37568934","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3757194791","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JCYJ20","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3849543804","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51501011","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5217675988","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"211090","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5881942141","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"202103","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5892875365","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62372303","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5939423041","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Technology","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6057786331","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62002234","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6262497296","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"12326619","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6330370129","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62372303, 62002234, U21A20455, 12326619","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6355311558","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51501169","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6437360502","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021032","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G71173827","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2024A1515010113","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337111","funder_display_name":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321921","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337111","display_name":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4411877969.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4411877969.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1981276685","https://openalex.org/W2069089843","https://openalex.org/W2100495367","https://openalex.org/W2162955464","https://openalex.org/W2598326928","https://openalex.org/W2612519453","https://openalex.org/W2753908609","https://openalex.org/W2788348358","https://openalex.org/W2793258150","https://openalex.org/W2795331645","https://openalex.org/W2796170779","https://openalex.org/W2799523883","https://openalex.org/W2901677030","https://openalex.org/W2907514116","https://openalex.org/W2949177718","https://openalex.org/W2951682736","https://openalex.org/W2959295202","https://openalex.org/W2971398276","https://openalex.org/W2971653850","https://openalex.org/W2984629040","https://openalex.org/W3009302866","https://openalex.org/W3013022968","https://openalex.org/W3013151148","https://openalex.org/W3041129226","https://openalex.org/W3092295864","https://openalex.org/W3092982430","https://openalex.org/W3104014715","https://openalex.org/W3130453114","https://openalex.org/W3130814454","https://openalex.org/W3132492725","https://openalex.org/W3176693948","https://openalex.org/W3198628780","https://openalex.org/W3202393418","https://openalex.org/W4205126801","https://openalex.org/W4213108508","https://openalex.org/W4221065117","https://openalex.org/W4225568512","https://openalex.org/W4315490524"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2967733078","https://openalex.org/W3204430031","https://openalex.org/W3137904399","https://openalex.org/W4310492845","https://openalex.org/W2885778889","https://openalex.org/W4310224730","https://openalex.org/W4289703016","https://openalex.org/W2885516856","https://openalex.org/W3094138326","https://openalex.org/W4296079469"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Single-cell":[0],"RNA":[1,42],"sequencing":[2],"(scRNA-seq)":[3],"has":[4],"revolutionized":[5],"the":[6,16,54,149],"study":[7],"of":[8,18,40,131,165],"gene":[9],"expression":[10],"by":[11,72,127],"allowing":[12],"researchers":[13],"to":[14,50,78,84,114],"analyze":[15],"transcriptomes":[17],"individual":[19],"cells.":[20],"This":[21],"technology":[22],"provides":[23],"unprecedented":[24],"insights":[25],"into":[26],"cellular":[27,29],"heterogeneity,":[28],"states,":[30],"and":[31,81,101,135,156,173],"biological":[32,64,144],"processes":[33],"at":[34],"a":[35,129,188],"single-cell":[36,41],"resolution.":[37],"The":[38,108],"problem":[39],"annotation":[43,67,95,116,154],"involves":[44],"assigning":[45],"meaningful":[46],"labels":[47],"or":[48,63],"annotations":[49],"each":[51],"cell":[52,60,86,178],"in":[53,123,175,194],"scRNA-seq":[55,160,195],"dataset,":[56],"indicating":[57],"its":[58,171],"corresponding":[59],"type,":[61],"state,":[62],"function.":[65],"Current":[66],"methods":[68,126],"are":[69],"often":[70],"challenged":[71],"limited":[73],"source":[74],"data":[75,119,183],"quality,":[76],"sensitivity":[77],"batch":[79],"effects,":[80],"poor":[82],"adaptability":[83],"uncharacterized":[85],"types.":[87],"We":[88],"propose":[89],"an":[90],"ensemble":[91,112],"machine":[92],"learning-based":[93],"pre-trained":[94],"framework":[96],"that":[97,148],"integrates":[98],"gradient":[99],"boosting":[100],"genetic":[102],"optimization":[103],"for":[104,191],"robust":[105],"feature":[106,136],"selection.":[107],"proposed":[109,150],"method":[110],"uses":[111],"learning":[113],"enhance":[115],"accuracy":[117,155],"under":[118,163,181],"scarcity,":[120],"addressing":[121],"limitations":[122],"existing":[124],"supervised":[125],"leveraging":[128],"combination":[130],"multiple":[132],"annotated":[133],"datasets":[134],"alignment":[137],"strategies.":[138],"Through":[139],"comprehensive":[140],"benchmarking":[141],"across":[142,158],"varied":[143],"contexts,":[145],"we":[146],"demonstrate":[147],"approach":[151],"significantly":[152],"improves":[153],"generalization":[157],"different":[159],"platforms,":[161],"especially":[162],"conditions":[164],"reduced":[166,182],"reference":[167],"data.":[168,196],"Results":[169],"confirm":[170],"versatility":[172],"resilience":[174],"accurately":[176],"annotating":[177],"types,":[179],"even":[180],"conditions,":[184],"establishing":[185],"it":[186],"as":[187],"powerful":[189],"tool":[190],"cell-type":[192],"classification":[193]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-16T08:26:57.006410","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
