{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4404870772","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12859-024-05990-5","title":"A novel phenotype imputation method with copula model","display_name":"A novel phenotype imputation method with copula model","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-11-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4404870772","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12859-024-05990-5","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39616312"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12859-024-05990-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12859-024-05990-5","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12859-024-05990-5.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S19032547","display_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1471-2105","issn":["1471-2105"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12859-024-05990-5.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100358183","display_name":"Jianjun Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0045-8316"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123534392","display_name":"University of North Texas","ror":"https://ror.org/00v97ad02","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123534392"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianjun Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, Denton, TX, 76203, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, Denton, TX, 76203, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123534392"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102517239","display_name":"Jane Zizhen Zhao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jane Zizhen Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 235 E. Cameron Avenue, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 235 E. Cameron Avenue, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059133513","display_name":"Samantha Gonzales","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9212-8102"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19700959","display_name":"Florida International University","ror":"https://ror.org/02gz6gg07","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19700959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samantha Gonzales","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biostatistics, Florida International University, 11200\u00a0S.W. 8th Street, Miami, FL, 33199, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biostatistics, Florida International University, 11200\u00a0S.W. 8th Street, Miami, FL, 33199, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19700959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101511802","display_name":"Xuexia Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0613-2608"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19700959","display_name":"Florida International University","ror":"https://ror.org/02gz6gg07","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19700959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuexia Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biostatistics, Florida International University, 11200\u00a0S.W. 8th Street, Miami, FL, 33199, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biostatistics, Florida International University, 11200\u00a0S.W. 8th Street, Miami, FL, 33199, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19700959"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Qiuying Sha","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11957088","display_name":"Michigan Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/0036rpn28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11957088"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Qiuying Sha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematical Sciences, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, MI, 49931, USA. qsha@mtu.edu","Department of Mathematical Sciences, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, MI, 49931, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematical Sciences, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, MI, 49931, USA. qsha@mtu.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11957088"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematical Sciences, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, MI, 49931, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11957088"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11957088"],"apc_list":{"value":2790,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2790},"apc_paid":{"value":2790,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2790},"fwci":0.3846,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70078584,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"1","first_page":"369","last_page":"369"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10261","display_name":"Genetic Associations and Epidemiology","score":0.9513999819755554,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10261","display_name":"Genetic Associations and Epidemiology","score":0.9513999819755554,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10845","display_name":"Advanced Causal Inference Techniques","score":0.00989999994635582,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10136","display_name":"Statistical Methods and Inference","score":0.006000000052154064,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/imputation","display_name":"Imputation (statistics)","score":0.7329257726669312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phenotype","display_name":"Phenotype","score":0.6383457779884338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/missing-data","display_name":"Missing data","score":0.6252573728561401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/copula","display_name":"Copula (linguistics)","score":0.5768157243728638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sample-size-determination","display_name":"Sample size determination","score":0.5612596273422241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5581200122833252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian","display_name":"Gaussian","score":0.5540724992752075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-power","display_name":"Statistical power","score":0.5024702548980713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multivariate-statistics","display_name":"Multivariate statistics","score":0.4760406017303467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multivariate-normal-distribution","display_name":"Multivariate normal distribution","score":0.4442492425441742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/r-package","display_name":"R package","score":0.44258615374565125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.39657264947891235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.3877437710762024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-biology","display_name":"Computational biology","score":0.3273733854293823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.24557533860206604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/econometrics","display_name":"Econometrics","score":0.2318437695503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.21349453926086426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.18661877512931824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetics","display_name":"Genetics","score":0.13669902086257935}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58041806","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1660484","display_name":"Imputation (statistics)","level":3,"score":0.7329257726669312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127716648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104053","display_name":"Phenotype","level":3,"score":0.6383457779884338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9357733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6878417","display_name":"Missing data","level":2,"score":0.6252573728561401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17618745","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207509","display_name":"Copula (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5768157243728638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129848803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2564360","display_name":"Sample size determination","level":2,"score":0.5612596273422241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5581200122833252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.5540724992752075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96608239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1199823","display_name":"Statistical power","level":2,"score":0.5024702548980713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161584116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1952580","display_name":"Multivariate statistics","level":2,"score":0.4760406017303467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177384507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1149000","display_name":"Multivariate normal distribution","level":3,"score":0.4442492425441742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984074130","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73539779","display_name":"R package","level":2,"score":0.44258615374565125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.39657264947891235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.3877437710762024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70721500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177005","display_name":"Computational biology","level":1,"score":0.3273733854293823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.24557533860206604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.2318437695503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.21349453926086426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.18661877512931824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.13669902086257935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008957","descriptor_name":"Models, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008957","descriptor_name":"Models, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008957","descriptor_name":"Models, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008957","descriptor_name":"Models, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010641","descriptor_name":"Phenotype","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010641","descriptor_name":"Phenotype","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010641","descriptor_name":"Phenotype","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010641","descriptor_name":"Phenotype","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016011","descriptor_name":"Normal Distribution","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016011","descriptor_name":"Normal Distribution","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016011","descriptor_name":"Normal Distribution","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016011","descriptor_name":"Normal Distribution","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020641","descriptor_name":"Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020641","descriptor_name":"Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020641","descriptor_name":"Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020641","descriptor_name":"Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055106","descriptor_name":"Genome-Wide Association Study","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055106","descriptor_name":"Genome-Wide Association Study","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055106","descriptor_name":"Genome-Wide Association Study","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055106","descriptor_name":"Genome-Wide Association Study","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D056726","descriptor_name":"Genetic Association Studies","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D056726","descriptor_name":"Genetic Association Studies","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D056726","descriptor_name":"Genetic Association Studies","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D056726","descriptor_name":"Genetic Association Studies","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12859-024-05990-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12859-024-05990-5","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12859-024-05990-5.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S19032547","display_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1471-2105","issn":["1471-2105"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:39616312","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39616312","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC bioinformatics","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11607873","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11607873","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11607873/pdf/12859_2024_Article_5990.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.mtu.edu:michigantech-p2-2250","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/michigantech-p2/1250","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196391","display_name":"Digital Commons - Michigan Tech (Michigan Technological University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I11957088","host_organization_name":"Michigan Technological University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11957088"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Michigan Tech Publications","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:e1ba9f6a769a4e7c824390eb8e368826","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/e1ba9f6a769a4e7c824390eb8e368826","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BMC Bioinformatics, Vol 25, Iss 1, Pp 1-21 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12859-024-05990-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12859-024-05990-5","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12859-024-05990-5.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S19032547","display_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1471-2105","issn":["1471-2105"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":0.44999998807907104,"display_name":"Zero hunger"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2417563097","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U01 HL089897","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310320","funder_display_name":"COPD Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3072093097","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"UG3HG013615","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337348","funder_display_name":"National Human Genome Research Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5658329869","display_name":"(2 of 2) Genetic Epidemiology of COPD","funder_award_id":"5u01hl089856-15","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6809393842","display_name":"(1 of 2) Genetic Epidemiology of COPD","funder_award_id":"5u01hl089897-15","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G901276215","display_name":"FIU-Diversity Center for Genomic Research (FIU-DCGR)","funder_award_id":"1ug3hg013615-01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G993448119","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U01HL089856","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310320","funder_display_name":"COPD Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307765","display_name":"Pfizer","ror":"https://ror.org/01xdqrp08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307770","display_name":"AstraZeneca","ror":"https://ror.org/04r9x1a08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310320","display_name":"COPD Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/02qfkky73"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311407","display_name":"Sunovion","ror":"https://ror.org/030zc7t66"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337348","display_name":"National Human Genome Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00baak391"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4404870772.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4404870772.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1971000546","https://openalex.org/W1973761476","https://openalex.org/W1982636457","https://openalex.org/W2005623173","https://openalex.org/W2006720016","https://openalex.org/W2015929828","https://openalex.org/W2020707691","https://openalex.org/W2021085462","https://openalex.org/W2065397672","https://openalex.org/W2078987134","https://openalex.org/W2082907106","https://openalex.org/W2084876198","https://openalex.org/W2086220616","https://openalex.org/W2088390076","https://openalex.org/W2104834527","https://openalex.org/W2105930286","https://openalex.org/W2106109087","https://openalex.org/W2106575037","https://openalex.org/W2110182275","https://openalex.org/W2111344085","https://openalex.org/W2119729352","https://openalex.org/W2162159470","https://openalex.org/W2165021451","https://openalex.org/W2165406288","https://openalex.org/W2168850818","https://openalex.org/W2187583278","https://openalex.org/W2257373554","https://openalex.org/W2278496954","https://openalex.org/W2416189753","https://openalex.org/W2507039649","https://openalex.org/W2527676552","https://openalex.org/W3020674209","https://openalex.org/W3160394654","https://openalex.org/W4241861175"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4254184784","https://openalex.org/W1502836838","https://openalex.org/W2351412012","https://openalex.org/W2117969153","https://openalex.org/W2066826592","https://openalex.org/W1967916041","https://openalex.org/W1834081490","https://openalex.org/W2514951141","https://openalex.org/W2089446473","https://openalex.org/W2186629435"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Jointly":[1],"analyzing":[2],"multiple":[3],"phenotype/traits":[4],"may":[5,63,98],"increase":[6,169],"power":[7,69,109,171],"in":[8,110,189],"genetic":[9,15,152],"association":[10,153,174],"studies":[11,219],"by":[12],"aggregating":[13],"weak":[14],"effects.":[16],"The":[17,184],"chance":[18],"that":[19,160,225],"at":[20,194],"least":[21],"one":[22],"phenotype":[23,32,49,51,83,121,181,201],"is":[24,40,187],"missing":[25,48,57,141],"increases":[26,33],"exponentially":[27],"as":[28],"the":[29,138,170,173,217,226],"number":[30],"of":[31,56,68,95,108,140,147,172,216],"especially":[34],"for":[35,76,92,155],"a":[36,41,53,60,66,119,126,145,150,199,205],"real":[37,151,221],"dataset.":[38],"It":[39],"common":[42],"practice":[43],"to":[44,65,100,136,178],"discard":[45],"individuals":[46],"with":[47,52,131,204],"or":[50,70,105],"large":[54],"proportion":[55],"values.":[58],"Such":[59],"discarding":[61],"method":[62,123,162,186,203,228],"lead":[64,99],"loss":[67,107,134,213],"even":[71,106],"an":[72,190],"insufficient":[73],"sample":[74],"size":[75],"analysis.":[77,93],"To":[78,113],"our":[79,161],"knowledge,":[80],"many":[81],"existing":[82,164],"imputing":[84],"methods":[85,165],"are":[86],"built":[87],"on":[88,125,211],"multivariate":[89],"normal":[90],"assumptions":[91,97],"Violation":[94],"these":[96,115],"inflated":[101],"type":[102],"I":[103],"errors":[104],"some":[111],"cases.":[112],"overcome":[114],"limitations,":[116],"we":[117,158],"propose":[118,198],"novel":[120,200],"imputation":[122,182,202],"based":[124,210],"new":[127,206],"Gaussian":[128,207],"copula":[129,208],"model":[130,209],"three":[132,212],"different":[133],"functions":[135],"address":[137],"issue":[139],"phenotype.":[142],"RESULTS:":[143],"In":[144],"variety":[146],"simulations":[148],"and":[149,166,220],"study":[154],"lung":[156],"function,":[157],"show":[159],"outperforms":[163,229],"can":[167],"also":[168],"test":[175],"when":[176],"compared":[177],"other":[179],"comparable":[180,230],"methods.":[183,231],"proposed":[185,227],"implemented":[188],"R":[191],"package":[192],"available":[193],"https://github.com/jane-zizhen-zhao/CopulaPhenoImpute1.0":[195],"CONCLUSIONS:":[196],"We":[197],"functions.":[214],"Results":[215],"simulation":[218],"data":[222],"analyses":[223],"illustrate":[224]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-06T08:24:18.245995","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
