{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4226199139","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12859-022-04575-4","title":"CBMOS: a GPU-enabled Python framework for the numerical study of center-based models","display_name":"CBMOS: a GPU-enabled Python framework for the numerical study of center-based models","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4226199139","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12859-022-04575-4","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35100968"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12859-022-04575-4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12859-022-04575-4","pdf_url":"https://bmcbioinformatics.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12859-022-04575-4","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S19032547","display_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1471-2105","issn":["1471-2105"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://bmcbioinformatics.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12859-022-04575-4","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063127843","display_name":"Sonja Mathias","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3682-7715"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123387679","display_name":"Uppsala University","ror":"https://ror.org/048a87296","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123387679"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sonja Mathias","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Technology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. sonja.mathias@it.uu.se","Department of Information Technology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3682-7715","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Technology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. sonja.mathias@it.uu.se","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123387679"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Technology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123387679"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076455938","display_name":"Adrien Coulier","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2702-1103"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123387679","display_name":"Uppsala University","ror":"https://ror.org/048a87296","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123387679"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adrien Coulier","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Technology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Technology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123387679"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065946530","display_name":"Andreas Hellander","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7273-7923"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123387679","display_name":"Uppsala University","ror":"https://ror.org/048a87296","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123387679"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andreas Hellander","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Technology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Technology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123387679"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5063127843"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123387679"],"apc_list":{"value":1690,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":2072},"apc_paid":{"value":1690,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":2072},"fwci":1.2155,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75238607,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"1","first_page":"55","last_page":"55"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11829","display_name":"Mathematical Biology Tumor Growth","score":0.43709999322891235,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2611","display_name":"Modeling and Simulation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11829","display_name":"Mathematical Biology Tumor Growth","score":0.43709999322891235,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2611","display_name":"Modeling and Simulation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10621","display_name":"Gene Regulatory Network Analysis","score":0.14720000326633453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10379","display_name":"Cellular Mechanics and Interactions","score":0.10400000214576721,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1307","display_name":"Cell Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/python","display_name":"Python (programming language)","score":0.9138585329055786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7723239660263062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-science","display_name":"Computational science","score":0.654241144657135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphics","display_name":"Graphics","score":0.5370079278945923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workflow","display_name":"Workflow","score":0.5202616453170776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/implementation","display_name":"Implementation","score":0.5057163238525391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cuda","display_name":"CUDA","score":0.49344006180763245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.48222339153289795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphics-processing-unit","display_name":"Graphics processing unit","score":0.43826767802238464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/numerical-analysis","display_name":"Numerical analysis","score":0.43409955501556396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.36748838424682617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.3133087456226349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.2516442835330963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.19801753759384155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1189059317111969}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C519991488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28865","display_name":"Python (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.9138585329055786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7723239660263062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C459310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q117801","display_name":"Computational science","level":1,"score":0.654241144657135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21442007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1027879","display_name":"Graphics","level":2,"score":0.5370079278945923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177212765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627335","display_name":"Workflow","level":2,"score":0.5202616453170776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26713055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245962","display_name":"Implementation","level":2,"score":0.5057163238525391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778119891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q477690","display_name":"CUDA","level":2,"score":0.49344006180763245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.48222339153289795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779851693","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183484","display_name":"Graphics processing unit","level":2,"score":0.43826767802238464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48753275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11216","display_name":"Numerical analysis","level":2,"score":0.43409955501556396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.36748838424682617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.3133087456226349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.2516442835330963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.19801753759384155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1189059317111969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003205","descriptor_name":"Computing Methodologies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003205","descriptor_name":"Computing Methodologies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003205","descriptor_name":"Computing Methodologies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003205","descriptor_name":"Computing Methodologies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12859-022-04575-4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12859-022-04575-4","pdf_url":"https://bmcbioinformatics.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12859-022-04575-4","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S19032547","display_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1471-2105","issn":["1471-2105"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:35100968","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35100968","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC bioinformatics","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:DiVA.org:uu-442222","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-442222","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402042","display_name":"Uppsala University Publications (Uppsala University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I123387679","host_organization_name":"Uppsala University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123387679"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:aacdabba6dde4774b574a5b192f735cd","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/aacdabba6dde4774b574a5b192f735cd","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BMC Bioinformatics, Vol 23, Iss 1, Pp 1-24 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8805507","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8805507","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12859-022-04575-4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12859-022-04575-4","pdf_url":"https://bmcbioinformatics.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12859-022-04575-4","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S19032547","display_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1471-2105","issn":["1471-2105"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5299999713897705,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3289994172","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R01 EB014877","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337363","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4585617573","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2015-03964","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322581","funder_display_name":"Vetenskapsr\u00e5det"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8384597332","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NIH/2R01EB014877-04A1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322581","display_name":"Vetenskapsr\u00e5det","ror":"https://ror.org/03zttf063"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336376","display_name":"Uppsala Multidisciplinary Center for Advanced Computational Science","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337363","display_name":"National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering","ror":"https://ror.org/00372qc85"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4226199139.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4226199139.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W205912558","https://openalex.org/W1526583066","https://openalex.org/W1995504856","https://openalex.org/W1996269383","https://openalex.org/W1997067626","https://openalex.org/W1998818894","https://openalex.org/W2002785668","https://openalex.org/W2009913017","https://openalex.org/W2025591087","https://openalex.org/W2048836357","https://openalex.org/W2056370235","https://openalex.org/W2058324879","https://openalex.org/W2059359223","https://openalex.org/W2085763173","https://openalex.org/W2140153041","https://openalex.org/W2146292423","https://openalex.org/W2146435848","https://openalex.org/W2156171664","https://openalex.org/W2160135160","https://openalex.org/W2163415630","https://openalex.org/W2165477530","https://openalex.org/W2170405129","https://openalex.org/W2171303908","https://openalex.org/W2187933120","https://openalex.org/W2582477723","https://openalex.org/W2602591892","https://openalex.org/W2612135142","https://openalex.org/W2886697344","https://openalex.org/W2908975485","https://openalex.org/W2911948847","https://openalex.org/W2923643932","https://openalex.org/W2949797623","https://openalex.org/W2951012718","https://openalex.org/W2951378914","https://openalex.org/W3012553271","https://openalex.org/W3035965352","https://openalex.org/W3041294102","https://openalex.org/W3092218627","https://openalex.org/W3099878876","https://openalex.org/W3138798301","https://openalex.org/W3158145137","https://openalex.org/W3210708281","https://openalex.org/W4206677916","https://openalex.org/W4229658977","https://openalex.org/W4247080625","https://openalex.org/W6982728064"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4214505573","https://openalex.org/W2119534391","https://openalex.org/W2023770367","https://openalex.org/W2503137108","https://openalex.org/W1966576946","https://openalex.org/W2020279179","https://openalex.org/W2765743988","https://openalex.org/W2062253548","https://openalex.org/W2393490604","https://openalex.org/W2393707426"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Cell-based":[1],"models":[2,28,120],"are":[3,46,72,321],"becoming":[4],"increasingly":[5],"popular":[6],"for":[7,75,83,98,192,201,226,266,274,310],"applications":[8],"in":[9],"developmental":[10],"biology.":[11],"However,":[12],"the":[13,19,24,99,102,161,196,207,239,251,278,307,315],"impact":[14],"of":[15,23,26,49,68,101,118,160,164,177,238,280,289,323],"numerical":[16,43,76,116,162,248,324],"choices":[17],"on":[18,114,180,256,269,284],"accuracy":[20,194],"and":[21,42,130,138,171,247,258],"efficiency":[22],"simulation":[25,100],"these":[27],"is":[29,79,113,232,254],"rarely":[30],"meticulously":[31],"tested.":[32],"Without":[33],"concrete":[34],"studies":[35],"to":[36,108,124,218,250,291,313],"differentiate":[37],"between":[38],"solid":[39],"model":[40,245,319],"conclusions":[41,320],"artifacts,":[44],"modelers":[45],"at":[47,87],"risk":[48],"being":[50,219],"misled":[51],"by":[52,121,139,153],"their":[53],"experiments'":[54],"results.":[55],"Most":[56],"cell-based":[57],"modeling":[58],"frameworks":[59],"offer":[60],"a":[61,65,81,95,134,168,181,233,270,285,298],"feature-rich":[62],"environment,":[63],"providing":[64,122],"wide":[66],"range":[67],"biological":[69],"components,":[70],"but":[71],"less":[73],"suitable":[74],"studies.":[77],"There":[78],"thus":[80],"need":[82],"software":[84],"specifically":[85],"targeted":[86],"this":[88],"use":[89,225,279],"case.":[90],"RESULTS:":[91],"We":[92,149],"present":[93],"CBMOS,":[94],"Python":[96,236],"framework":[97],"center-based":[103,119,240],"or":[104],"cell-centered":[105],"model.":[106],"Contrary":[107],"other":[109],"implementations,":[110],"CBMOS'":[111],"focus":[112],"facilitating":[115],"study":[117],"access":[123],"multiple":[125],"ordinary":[126],"differential":[127],"equation":[128],"solvers":[129,166,179],"force":[131],"functions":[132],"through":[133,143,277],"flexible,":[135,234],"user-friendly":[136],"interface":[137],"enabling":[140],"rapid":[141],"testing":[142],"graphics":[144],"processing":[145,272],"unit":[146,273],"(GPU)":[147],"acceleration.":[148],"show-case":[150],"its":[151,213,224],"potential":[152],"illustrating":[154],"two":[155,165],"common":[156],"workflows:":[157],"(1)":[158],"comparison":[159],"properties":[163],"within":[167,297],"Jupyter":[169],"notebook":[170],"(2)":[172],"measuring":[173],"average":[174],"wall":[175],"times":[176],"both":[178,243],"high":[182],"performance":[183],"computing":[184],"cluster.":[185],"More":[186],"specifically,":[187],"we":[188],"confirm":[189],"that":[190,318],"although":[191],"moderate":[193],"levels":[195],"backward":[197],"Euler":[198,211],"method":[199,222],"allows":[200,265],"larger":[202],"time":[203,308],"step":[204],"sizes":[205],"than":[206],"commonly":[208],"used":[209],"forward":[210],"method,":[212],"additional":[214],"computational":[215],"cost":[216],"due":[217],"an":[220,261],"implicit":[221],"prohibits":[223],"practical":[227],"test":[228],"cases.":[229],"CONCLUSIONS:":[230],"CBMOS":[231,264],"easy-to-use":[235],"implementation":[237],"model,":[241],"exposing":[242],"basic":[244],"assumptions":[246],"components":[249],"user.":[252],"It":[253],"available":[255],"GitHub":[257],"PyPI":[259],"under":[260],"MIT":[262],"license.":[263],"fast":[267],"prototyping":[268],"central":[271],"small":[275],"systems":[276],"NumPy.":[281],"Using":[282],"CuPy":[283],"GPU,":[286],"cell":[287],"populations":[288],"up":[290],"10,000":[292],"cells":[293],"can":[294],"be":[295],"simulated":[296],"few":[299],"seconds.":[300],"As":[301],"such,":[302],"it":[303],"will":[304],"substantially":[305],"lower":[306],"investment":[309],"any":[311],"modeler":[312],"check":[314],"crucial":[316],"assumption":[317],"independent":[322],"issues.":[325]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-02T09:51:11.867554","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
