{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2922210059","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12859-019-2700-1","title":"Positive-unlabelled learning of glycosylation sites in the human proteome","display_name":"Positive-unlabelled learning of glycosylation sites in the human proteome","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-03-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2922210059","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12859-019-2700-1","mag":"2922210059","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30841845"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12859-019-2700-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12859-019-2700-1","pdf_url":"https://bmcbioinformatics.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s12859-019-2700-1","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S19032547","display_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1471-2105","issn":["1471-2105"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","datacite","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://bmcbioinformatics.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s12859-019-2700-1","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063409460","display_name":"Fuyi Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5216-3213"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56590836","display_name":"Monash University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bfwt286","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fuyi Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Infection and Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia","Monash Centre for Data Science, Faculty of Information Technology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Infection and Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Monash Centre for Data Science, Faculty of Information Technology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038148203","display_name":"Zhang Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4756-5813"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I89652312","display_name":"Northwest A&F University","ror":"https://ror.org/0051rme32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I89652312"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Engineering, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Engineering, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I89652312"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087347737","display_name":"Anthony W. Purcell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0532-8331"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56590836","display_name":"Monash University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bfwt286","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anthony W. Purcell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Infection and Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Infection and Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058054791","display_name":"Geoffrey I. Webb","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9963-5169"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56590836","display_name":"Monash University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bfwt286","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Geoffrey I. Webb","raw_affiliation_strings":["Monash Centre for Data Science, Faculty of Information Technology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Monash Centre for Data Science, Faculty of Information Technology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113500576","display_name":"Kuo\u2010Chen Chou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210098239","display_name":"The Gordon Life Science Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0135ffj82","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098239"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kuo-Chen Chou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Informational Biology, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China","Gordon Life Science Institute, Boston, MA, 02478, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Informational Biology, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Gordon Life Science Institute, Boston, MA, 02478, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210098239"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004968684","display_name":"Trevor Lithgow","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0102-7884"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56590836","display_name":"Monash University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bfwt286","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Trevor Lithgow","raw_affiliation_strings":["Infection and Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Infection and Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100369818","display_name":"Chen Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1847-754X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799424032","display_name":"Discovery Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05t8s3y29","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799424032"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","display_name":"ETH Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/05a28rw58","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}],"countries":["CH","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chen Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Z\u00fcrich, 8093, Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland. Chen.Li@monash.edu","Infection and Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia. Chen.Li@monash.edu","Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Z\u00fcrich, 8093, Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Z\u00fcrich, 8093, Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland. Chen.Li@monash.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Infection and Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia. Chen.Li@monash.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799424032"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Z\u00fcrich, 8093, Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012709797","display_name":"Jiangning Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8031-9086"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799424032","display_name":"Discovery Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05t8s3y29","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799424032"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56590836","display_name":"Monash University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bfwt286","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}],"countries":["AU","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiangning Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["Infection and Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia. Jiangning.Song@monash.edu","Monash Centre for Data Science, Faculty of Information Technology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia. Jiangning.Song@monash.edu","Monash Centre for Data Science, Faculty of Information Technology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8031-9086","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Infection and Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia. Jiangning.Song@monash.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799424032"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Monash Centre for Data Science, Faculty of Information Technology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia. Jiangning.Song@monash.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Monash Centre for Data Science, Faculty of Information Technology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100369818"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799424032","https://openalex.org/I35440088"],"apc_list":{"value":1690,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":2072},"apc_paid":{"value":1690,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":2072},"fwci":4.7229,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":74,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9600671,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"1","first_page":"112","last_page":"112"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12254","display_name":"Machine Learning in Bioinformatics","score":0.8353000283241272,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12254","display_name":"Machine Learning in Bioinformatics","score":0.8353000283241272,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10602","display_name":"Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research","score":0.07540000230073929,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12576","display_name":"vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches","score":0.027799999341368675,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glycosylation","display_name":"Glycosylation","score":0.7408801913261414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proteome","display_name":"Proteome","score":0.7373019456863403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-biology","display_name":"Computational biology","score":0.6941742897033691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-proteome-project","display_name":"Human proteome project","score":0.6113566160202026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dna-microarray","display_name":"DNA microarray","score":0.5616179704666138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proteomics","display_name":"Proteomics","score":0.5054323673248291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.49612244963645935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3825833201408386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bioinformatics","display_name":"Bioinformatics","score":0.3654159903526306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetics","display_name":"Genetics","score":0.2938764691352844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gene","display_name":"Gene","score":0.1262873411178589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gene-expression","display_name":"Gene expression","score":0.09577500820159912}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777313579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898365","display_name":"Glycosylation","level":2,"score":0.7408801913261414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104397665","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860947","display_name":"Proteome","level":2,"score":0.7373019456863403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70721500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177005","display_name":"Computational biology","level":1,"score":0.6941742897033691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94795543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3813754","display_name":"Human proteome project","level":4,"score":0.6113566160202026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95371953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q591745","display_name":"DNA microarray","level":4,"score":0.5616179704666138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46111723","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q471857","display_name":"Proteomics","level":3,"score":0.5054323673248291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.49612244963645935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3825833201408386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60644358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128570","display_name":"Bioinformatics","level":1,"score":0.3654159903526306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.2938764691352844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.1262873411178589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150194340","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26972","display_name":"Gene expression","level":3,"score":0.09577500820159912}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D006031","descriptor_name":"Glycosylation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006031","descriptor_name":"Glycosylation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006031","descriptor_name":"Glycosylation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006031","descriptor_name":"Glycosylation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006031","descriptor_name":"Glycosylation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011499","descriptor_name":"Protein Processing, Post-Translational","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011499","descriptor_name":"Protein Processing, Post-Translational","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011499","descriptor_name":"Protein Processing, Post-Translational","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011499","descriptor_name":"Protein Processing, Post-Translational","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011499","descriptor_name":"Protein Processing, Post-Translational","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012372","descriptor_name":"ROC Curve","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012372","descriptor_name":"ROC Curve","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012372","descriptor_name":"ROC Curve","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012372","descriptor_name":"ROC Curve","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012372","descriptor_name":"ROC Curve","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013194","descriptor_name":"Staining and Labeling","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013194","descriptor_name":"Staining and Labeling","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013194","descriptor_name":"Staining and Labeling","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013194","descriptor_name":"Staining and Labeling","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013194","descriptor_name":"Staining and Labeling","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019295","descriptor_name":"Computational Biology","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019295","descriptor_name":"Computational Biology","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019295","descriptor_name":"Computational Biology","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019295","descriptor_name":"Computational Biology","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019295","descriptor_name":"Computational Biology","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020543","descriptor_name":"Proteome","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020543","descriptor_name":"Proteome","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020543","descriptor_name":"Proteome","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020543","descriptor_name":"Proteome","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020543","descriptor_name":"Proteome","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D030562","descriptor_name":"Databases, Protein","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D030562","descriptor_name":"Databases, Protein","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D030562","descriptor_name":"Databases, Protein","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D030562","descriptor_name":"Databases, Protein","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D030562","descriptor_name":"Databases, Protein","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060388","descriptor_name":"Support Vector Machine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060388","descriptor_name":"Support Vector Machine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060388","descriptor_name":"Support Vector Machine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060388","descriptor_name":"Support Vector Machine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060388","descriptor_name":"Support Vector Machine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":9,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12859-019-2700-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12859-019-2700-1","pdf_url":"https://bmcbioinformatics.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s12859-019-2700-1","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S19032547","display_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1471-2105","issn":["1471-2105"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:30841845","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30841845","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC bioinformatics","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:monash.edu:publications/a015846b-7841-4a93-85aa-684d84f7b04e","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.monash.edu/en/publications/a015846b-7841-4a93-85aa-684d84f7b04e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402625","display_name":"Monash University Research Portal (Monash University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I56590836","host_organization_name":"Monash University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Li, F, Zhang, Y, Purcell, A W, Webb, G I, Chou, K-C, Lithgow, T, Li, C & Song, J 2019, 'Positive-unlabelled learning of glycosylation sites in the human proteome', BMC Bioinformatics, vol. 20, no. 1, 112. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12859-019-2700-1","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:jupiter.its.unimelb.edu.au:11343/272063","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11343/272063","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11343/272063","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402500","display_name":"Minerva Access (University of Melbourne)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I165779595","host_organization_name":"The University of Melbourne","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:digital.library.adelaide.edu.au:2440/139603","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2440/139603","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401835","display_name":"Adelaide Research & Scholarship (AR&S) (University of Adelaide)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I5681781","host_organization_name":"The University of Adelaide","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5681781"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12859-019-2700-1","raw_type":"Journal article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:f3621b9840264809be18462e305522a1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/f3621b9840264809be18462e305522a1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BMC Bioinformatics, Vol 20, Iss 1, Pp 1-17 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:5405411","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6404354","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.research-collection.ethz.ch:20.500.11850/331238","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/331238","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402302","display_name":"Repository for Publications and Research Data (ETH Zurich)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","host_organization_name":"ETH Zurich","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BMC Bioinformatics, 20 (1)","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"doi:10.3929/ethz-b-000331238","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000331238","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407051236","display_name":"ETH Z\u00fcrich Research Collection","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Other"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12859-019-2700-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12859-019-2700-1","pdf_url":"https://bmcbioinformatics.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s12859-019-2700-1","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S19032547","display_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1471-2105","issn":["1471-2105"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life in Land","score":0.6000000238418579}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1127919792","display_name":"Stochastic modelling of telomere length regulation in ageing research","funder_award_id":"DP120104460","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","funder_display_name":"Australian Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G241248248","display_name":"Characterisation of plant cysteine proteases with therapeutic potential","funder_award_id":"LP110200333","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","funder_display_name":"Australian Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7921690166","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R01 AI111965","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","display_name":"Australian Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/05mmh0f86"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/043z4tv69"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2922210059.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2922210059.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":94,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W74809848","https://openalex.org/W1182461782","https://openalex.org/W1207588145","https://openalex.org/W1496604422","https://openalex.org/W1497303847","https://openalex.org/W1500690868","https://openalex.org/W1570448133","https://openalex.org/W1625504505","https://openalex.org/W1646807883","https://openalex.org/W1764627421","https://openalex.org/W1817561967","https://openalex.org/W1821507858","https://openalex.org/W1866935739","https://openalex.org/W1976019979","https://openalex.org/W1978033244","https://openalex.org/W1981199451","https://openalex.org/W1981276685","https://openalex.org/W1991357106","https://openalex.org/W1993711987","https://openalex.org/W2018042261","https://openalex.org/W2024191848","https://openalex.org/W2042084565","https://openalex.org/W2043274355","https://openalex.org/W2043338013","https://openalex.org/W2045911289","https://openalex.org/W2063768466","https://openalex.org/W2069424542","https://openalex.org/W2072918899","https://openalex.org/W2075006095","https://openalex.org/W2076746539","https://openalex.org/W2079074163","https://openalex.org/W2086338626","https://openalex.org/W2088456241","https://openalex.org/W2103525038","https://openalex.org/W2108497461","https://openalex.org/W2123958887","https://openalex.org/W2124052876","https://openalex.org/W2125055259","https://openalex.org/W2130652100","https://openalex.org/W2131904035","https://openalex.org/W2145957695","https://openalex.org/W2154053567","https://openalex.org/W2154139219","https://openalex.org/W2167750482","https://openalex.org/W2170283814","https://openalex.org/W2170747616","https://openalex.org/W2172609270","https://openalex.org/W2218000956","https://openalex.org/W2222428399","https://openalex.org/W2236878792","https://openalex.org/W2240611966","https://openalex.org/W2248525918","https://openalex.org/W2266844871","https://openalex.org/W2288642608","https://openalex.org/W2338174866","https://openalex.org/W2368006773","https://openalex.org/W2413640366","https://openalex.org/W2417136546","https://openalex.org/W2466501638","https://openalex.org/W2469119236","https://openalex.org/W2490135372","https://openalex.org/W2528774686","https://openalex.org/W2531263024","https://openalex.org/W2572194491","https://openalex.org/W2587621812","https://openalex.org/W2592590590","https://openalex.org/W2592839484","https://openalex.org/W2595917956","https://openalex.org/W2611885697","https://openalex.org/W2613613490","https://openalex.org/W2626933585","https://openalex.org/W2736742854","https://openalex.org/W2750857942","https://openalex.org/W2759742634","https://openalex.org/W2766389776","https://openalex.org/W2767056551","https://openalex.org/W2770100230","https://openalex.org/W2772573334","https://openalex.org/W2783049006","https://openalex.org/W2792363117","https://openalex.org/W2793168264","https://openalex.org/W2794145874","https://openalex.org/W2800333284","https://openalex.org/W2810225085","https://openalex.org/W2890951984","https://openalex.org/W2894836881","https://openalex.org/W2909246080","https://openalex.org/W2909409778","https://openalex.org/W2913961829","https://openalex.org/W2954364924","https://openalex.org/W2972955359","https://openalex.org/W3023430131","https://openalex.org/W3104285666","https://openalex.org/W4210702584"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3092794487","https://openalex.org/W2094752534","https://openalex.org/W1982829397","https://openalex.org/W2885268310","https://openalex.org/W2347437365","https://openalex.org/W2106414650","https://openalex.org/W2025055488","https://openalex.org/W1999412725","https://openalex.org/W2575115220","https://openalex.org/W4390205769"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"As":[1],"an":[2,220,271,276],"important":[3,331],"type":[4],"of":[5,25,31,45,56,68,83,86,93,128,140,152,155,201,210,222,260,278,293,329,333],"post-translational":[6],"modification":[7],"(PTM),":[8],"protein":[9,16,19,26,194,294,334],"glycosylation":[10,27,57,69,101,172,195,211,295],"plays":[11],"a":[12,43,91,104,110,125,180,208,215,304],"crucial":[13],"role":[14],"in":[15,41,53,123,161,164,258],"stability":[17],"and":[18,23,36,47,52,74,81,117,229,245,248,264,322,337],"function.":[20],"The":[21,198,298],"abundance":[22],"ubiquity":[24],"across":[28],"three":[29,223],"domains":[30],"life":[32],"involving":[33],"Eukarya,":[34],"Bacteria":[35],"Archaea":[37],"demonstrate":[38],"its":[39],"roles":[40,85],"regulating":[42],"variety":[44],"signalling":[46],"metabolic":[48],"pathways.":[49],"Mutations":[50],"on":[51,189,219],"the":[54,138,190,237,279,326],"proximity":[55],"sites":[58],"are":[59,120,134],"highly":[60],"associated":[61],"with":[62,166,309],"human":[63],"diseases.":[64],"Accordingly,":[65],"accurate":[66,291],"prediction":[67,256,292,327],"can":[70,159],"complement":[71],"laboratory-based":[72],"methods":[73,257],"greatly":[75],"benefit":[76],"experimental":[77,142],"efforts":[78,289],"for":[79,193,290],"characterization":[80],"understanding":[82],"functional":[84,338],"glycosylation.":[87],"For":[88],"this":[89,176,202],"purpose,":[90],"number":[92],"supervised-learning":[94,112,239],"approaches":[95],"have":[96],"been":[97],"proposed":[98,203,299],"to":[99,137,149,286,324],"identify":[100],"sites,":[102],"demonstrating":[103],"promising":[105],"predictive":[106,199,306],"performance.":[107],"To":[108],"train":[109],"conventional":[111],"model,":[113],"both":[114,227],"reliable":[115],"positive":[116,167,181],"negative":[118,129],"samples":[119,130,168],"required.":[121],"However,":[122],"practice,":[124],"large":[126,153],"portion":[127],"(i.e.":[131,169],"non-glycosylation":[132],"sites)":[133],"mislabelled":[135],"due":[136],"limitation":[139],"current":[141],"technologies.":[143],"Moreover,":[144],"supervised":[145],"algorithms":[146,240],"often":[147],"fail":[148],"take":[150],"advantage":[151],"volumes":[154],"unlabelled":[156,182],"data,":[157],"which":[158],"aid":[160],"model":[162,281],"learning":[163,301,315],"conjunction":[165],"experimentally":[170],"verified":[171],"sites).":[173],"RESULTS:":[174],"In":[175,267],"study,":[177],"we":[178,269],"propose":[179],"(PU)":[183],"learning-based":[184],"method,":[185],"PA2DE":[186],"(V2.0),":[187],"based":[188,218],"AlphaMax":[191],"algorithm":[192],"site":[196,336],"prediction.":[197],"performance":[200,307],"method":[204,235],"was":[205],"evaluated":[206],"by":[207],"range":[209],"data":[212],"collected":[213],"over":[214],"ten-year":[216],"period":[217],"interval":[221],"years.":[224],"Experiments":[225],"using":[226],"benchmarking":[228],"independent":[230],"tests":[231],"show":[232],"that":[233],"our":[234],"outperformed":[236],"representative":[238],"(including":[241],"support":[242],"vector":[243],"machines":[244],"random":[246],"forests)":[247],"one-class":[249],"learners,":[250],"as":[251,253,275],"well":[252],"currently":[254,310],"available":[255,311],"terms":[259],"F1":[261],"score,":[262],"accuracy":[263],"AUC":[265],"measures.":[266],"addition,":[268],"developed":[270],"online":[272],"web":[273],"server":[274],"implementation":[277],"optimized":[280],"(available":[282],"at":[283],"http://glycomine.erc.monash.edu/Lab/GlycoMine_PU/":[284],")":[285],"facilitate":[287],"community-wide":[288],"sites.":[296,339],"CONCLUSION:":[297],"PU":[300,314],"approach":[302],"achieved":[303],"competitive":[305],"compared":[308],"methods.":[312],"This":[313],"schema":[316],"may":[317],"also":[318],"be":[319],"effectively":[320],"employed":[321],"applied":[323],"address":[325],"problems":[328],"other":[330],"types":[332],"PTM":[335]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":21}],"updated_date":"2026-01-13T01:12:25.745995","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
