{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2776922069","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12859-017-1898-z","title":"Deep learning architectures for multi-label classification of intelligent health risk prediction","display_name":"Deep learning architectures for multi-label classification of intelligent health risk prediction","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2776922069","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12859-017-1898-z","mag":"2776922069","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29297288"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12859-017-1898-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12859-017-1898-z","pdf_url":"https://bmcbioinformatics.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s12859-017-1898-z","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S19032547","display_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1471-2105","issn":["1471-2105"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://bmcbioinformatics.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s12859-017-1898-z","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035291496","display_name":"Andrew Maxwell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6503-4661"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44854399","display_name":"University of Southern Mississippi","ror":"https://ror.org/0270vfa57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210141039","https://openalex.org/I44854399"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew Maxwell","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, 39406, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, 39406, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44854399"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101605770","display_name":"Runzhi Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7259-9321"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I38877650","display_name":"Zhengzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ypx8c21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Runzhi Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cooperative Innovation Center of Internet Healthcare, School of Information & Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cooperative Innovation Center of Internet Healthcare, School of Information & Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088929013","display_name":"Bei Yang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I38877650","display_name":"Zhengzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ypx8c21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bei Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cooperative Innovation Center of Internet Healthcare, School of Information & Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cooperative Innovation Center of Internet Healthcare, School of Information & Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088263100","display_name":"Heng Weng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5203-8663"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I117532281","display_name":"Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/03qb7bg95","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I117532281"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090868","display_name":"Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a98yf63","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210090868"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92039509","display_name":"Guangzhou Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/00zat6v61","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92039509"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Heng Weng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Big Medical Data, Health Construction Administration Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China. ww128@qq.com","Department of Big Medical Data, Health Construction Administration Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Big Medical Data, Health Construction Administration Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China. ww128@qq.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I117532281","https://openalex.org/I4210090868","https://openalex.org/I92039509"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Big Medical Data, Health Construction Administration Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I117532281"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082690569","display_name":"Aihua Ou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6123-7931"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I117532281","display_name":"Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/03qb7bg95","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I117532281"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aihua Ou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Big Medical Data, Health Construction Administration Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Big Medical Data, Health Construction Administration Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I117532281"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100742819","display_name":"Huixiao Hong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8087-3968"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1304557061","display_name":"National Center for Toxicological Research","ror":"https://ror.org/05jmhh281","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1304557061","https://openalex.org/I1320320070"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1320320070","display_name":"United States Food and Drug Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/034xvzb47","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1320320070"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huixiao Hong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1304557061","https://openalex.org/I1320320070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001575594","display_name":"Zhaoxian Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6789-166X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44854399","display_name":"University of Southern Mississippi","ror":"https://ror.org/0270vfa57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210141039","https://openalex.org/I44854399"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhaoxian Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, 39406, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, 39406, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44854399"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021166773","display_name":"Ping Gong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4782-1741"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87303767","display_name":"U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center","ror":"https://ror.org/027mhn368","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304082316","https://openalex.org/I1306490931","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I87303767"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ping Gong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Environmental Lab, US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, MS, 39180, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Environmental Lab, US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, MS, 39180, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87303767"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100603443","display_name":"Chaoyang Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6873-1780"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44854399","display_name":"University of Southern Mississippi","ror":"https://ror.org/0270vfa57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210141039","https://openalex.org/I44854399"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chaoyang Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, 39406, USA. Chaoyang.Zhang@usm.edu","School of Computing, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, 39406, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, 39406, USA. Chaoyang.Zhang@usm.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44854399"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, 39406, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44854399"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2790,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2790},"apc_paid":{"value":2790,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2790},"fwci":10.1854,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":168,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98499437,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"S14","first_page":"523","last_page":"523"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11550","display_name":"Text and Document Classification Technologies","score":0.628000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11550","display_name":"Text and Document Classification Technologies","score":0.628000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11396","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare","score":0.06509999930858612,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13702","display_name":"Machine Learning in Healthcare","score":0.05480000004172325,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7374762296676636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.6656591296195984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6532682180404663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.6340506672859192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-label-classification","display_name":"Multi-label classification","score":0.5430812239646912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5190761685371399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.5172158479690552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/predictive-modelling","display_name":"Predictive modelling","score":0.4272746443748474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recall","display_name":"Recall","score":0.4252077639102936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-neural-networks","display_name":"Deep neural networks","score":0.419478178024292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3906247615814209}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7374762296676636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.6656591296195984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6532682180404663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.6340506672859192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776482837","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3553958","display_name":"Multi-label classification","level":2,"score":0.5430812239646912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5190761685371399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.5172158479690552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45804977","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239673","display_name":"Predictive modelling","level":2,"score":0.4272746443748474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100660578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18733","display_name":"Recall","level":2,"score":0.4252077639102936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984842247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep neural networks","level":3,"score":0.419478178024292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3906247615814209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002908","descriptor_name":"Chronic Disease","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002908","descriptor_name":"Chronic Disease","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002908","descriptor_name":"Chronic Disease","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002908","descriptor_name":"Chronic Disease","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006262","descriptor_name":"Health","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006262","descriptor_name":"Health","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006262","descriptor_name":"Health","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006262","descriptor_name":"Health","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012372","descriptor_name":"ROC Curve","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012372","descriptor_name":"ROC Curve","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012372","descriptor_name":"ROC Curve","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012372","descriptor_name":"ROC Curve","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018570","descriptor_name":"Risk Assessment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018570","descriptor_name":"Risk Assessment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018570","descriptor_name":"Risk Assessment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018570","descriptor_name":"Risk Assessment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D060388","descriptor_name":"Support Vector Machine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060388","descriptor_name":"Support Vector Machine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060388","descriptor_name":"Support Vector Machine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060388","descriptor_name":"Support Vector Machine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12859-017-1898-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12859-017-1898-z","pdf_url":"https://bmcbioinformatics.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s12859-017-1898-z","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S19032547","display_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1471-2105","issn":["1471-2105"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:29297288","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29297288","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC bioinformatics","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:aquila.usm.edu:fac_pubs-17934","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://aquila.usm.edu/fac_pubs/16623","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402529","display_name":"Aquila Digital Community (University of Southern Mississippi)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I44854399","host_organization_name":"University of Southern Mississippi","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44854399"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Faculty Publications","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:cdbc44b8717942fb9bf70b246576e543","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/cdbc44b8717942fb9bf70b246576e543","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BMC Bioinformatics, Vol 18, Iss S14, Pp 121-131 (2017)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:4668064","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5751777","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12859-017-1898-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12859-017-1898-z","pdf_url":"https://bmcbioinformatics.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s12859-017-1898-z","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S19032547","display_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1471-2105","issn":["1471-2105"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306078","display_name":"U.S. Department of Defense","ror":"https://ror.org/0447fe631"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322766","display_name":"Zhengzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ypx8c21"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2776922069.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2776922069.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1486487250","https://openalex.org/W1953606363","https://openalex.org/W1976526581","https://openalex.org/W1992650721","https://openalex.org/W2040870580","https://openalex.org/W2052684427","https://openalex.org/W2072128103","https://openalex.org/W2089367555","https://openalex.org/W2095705004","https://openalex.org/W2115694019","https://openalex.org/W2119466907","https://openalex.org/W2125055259","https://openalex.org/W2138290126","https://openalex.org/W2141173017","https://openalex.org/W2146241755","https://openalex.org/W2148143831","https://openalex.org/W2151040995","https://openalex.org/W2153635508","https://openalex.org/W2163922914","https://openalex.org/W2189911347","https://openalex.org/W2581082771","https://openalex.org/W2626450301","https://openalex.org/W2766736793","https://openalex.org/W2949117887","https://openalex.org/W2964121744","https://openalex.org/W4231109964","https://openalex.org/W4255442046","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6631448583"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2090763504","https://openalex.org/W148178222","https://openalex.org/W2104657898","https://openalex.org/W1948992892","https://openalex.org/W1886884218","https://openalex.org/W1910826599","https://openalex.org/W2012353789","https://openalex.org/W2530420969","https://openalex.org/W2051187167","https://openalex.org/W2118758177"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Multi-label":[1],"classification":[2,163,180,242],"of":[3,12,15,39,89,96,110,118,181,191,229,236,247,257,271,285],"data":[4,81,239,263],"remains":[5,289],"to":[6,22,51,56,76,102,140,178,189,203,217,253,267],"be":[7,251],"a":[8,71,108,173,276,290],"challenging":[9,291],"problem.":[10],"Because":[11],"the":[13,16,44,116,227,234,255,269],"complexity":[14],"data,":[17,34],"it":[18,48],"is":[19,49,220],"sometimes":[20],"difficult":[21],"infer":[23],"information":[24,232],"about":[25,233],"classes":[26,121],"that":[27,54,82,168,186,190,274,293],"are":[28],"not":[29],"mutually":[30],"exclusive.":[31],"For":[32],"medical":[33],"patients":[35,99],"could":[36],"have":[37,200,226],"symptoms":[38],"multiple":[40],"different":[41,258],"diseases":[42],"at":[43],"same":[45],"time":[46],"and":[47,115,131,150,160,208,214],"important":[50],"develop":[52],"tools":[53],"help":[55],"identify":[57,77,254],"problems":[58],"early.":[59],"Intelligent":[60],"health":[61],"risk":[62,278],"prediction":[63,142,284],"models":[64],"built":[65],"with":[66,86,144,158],"deep":[67],"learning":[68],"architectures":[69,155,225],"offer":[70],"powerful":[72],"tool":[73],"for":[74,279],"physicians":[75],"patterns":[78,235],"in":[79,122],"patient":[80],"indicate":[83],"risks":[84,288],"associated":[85],"certain":[87],"types":[88],"chronic":[90,113,182,280,286],"diseases.":[91,281],"RESULTS:":[92],"Physical":[93],"examination":[94,238,262],"records":[95],"110,300":[97],"anonymous":[98],"were":[100,156],"used":[101,139,252],"predict":[103],"diabetes,":[104],"hypertension,":[105],"fatty":[106],"liver,":[107],"combination":[109],"these":[111],"three":[112],"diseases,":[114,183],"absence":[117],"disease":[119,287],"(8":[120],"total).":[123],"The":[124,244],"dataset":[125],"was":[126,138,187],"split":[127],"into":[128],"training":[129],"(90%)":[130],"testing":[132],"(10%)":[133],"sub-datasets.":[134],"Ten-fold":[135],"cross":[136],"validation":[137],"evaluate":[141],"accuracy":[143,185],"metrics":[145],"such":[146,194],"as":[147,195,264,266],"precision,":[148],"recall,":[149],"F-score.":[151],"Deep":[152,169,223,248],"Learning":[153,224,249],"(DL)":[154],"compared":[157],"standard":[159],"state-of-the-art":[161],"multi-label":[162,179,212],"methods.":[164,243],"Preliminary":[165],"results":[166],"suggest":[167],"Neural":[170],"Networks":[171],"(DNN),":[172],"DL":[174],"architecture,":[175],"when":[176],"applied":[177],"produced":[184],"comparable":[188],"common":[192,241],"methods":[193,213],"Support":[196],"Vector":[197],"Machines.":[198],"We":[199],"implemented":[201],"DNNs":[202],"handle":[204],"both":[205,216],"problem":[206,292],"transformation":[207],"algorithm":[209],"adaption":[210],"type":[211],"compare":[215],"see":[218],"which":[219],"preferable.":[221],"CONCLUSIONS:":[222],"potential":[228],"inferring":[230],"more":[231],"physical":[237,261],"than":[240],"advanced":[245],"techniques":[246],"can":[250],"significance":[256],"features":[259],"from":[260],"well":[265],"learn":[268],"contributions":[270],"each":[272],"feature":[273],"impact":[275],"patient's":[277],"However,":[282],"accurate":[283],"warrants":[294],"further":[295],"studies.":[296]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":34},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":33},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":30},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
