{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1973331597","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12859-015-0527-y","title":"Cell-composition effects in the analysis of DNA methylation array data: a mathematical perspective","display_name":"Cell-composition effects in the analysis of DNA methylation array data: a mathematical perspective","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-03-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1973331597","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12859-015-0527-y","mag":"1973331597","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25887114"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12859-015-0527-y","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12859-015-0527-y","pdf_url":"https://bmcbioinformatics.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12859-015-0527-y","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S19032547","display_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1471-2105","issn":["1471-2105"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://bmcbioinformatics.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12859-015-0527-y","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038687910","display_name":"E. Andr\u00e9s Houseman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0703-1830"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131249849","display_name":"Oregon State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ysfqy60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131249849"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"E Andres Houseman","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA. andres.houseman@oregonstate.edu","School of Biological and Population Health Sciences , College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University , Corvallis , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA. andres.houseman@oregonstate.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131249849"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Biological and Population Health Sciences , College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University , Corvallis , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131249849"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050569417","display_name":"Karl T. Kelsey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2302-1600"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27804330","display_name":"Brown University","ror":"https://ror.org/05gq02987","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27804330"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karl T Kelsey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA. karl_kelsey@brown.edu","Department of Epidemiology Brown University School of Public Health Providence USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA. karl_kelsey@brown.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27804330"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Epidemiology Brown University School of Public Health Providence USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27804330"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023943352","display_name":"John K. Wiencke","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7101-6489"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180670191","display_name":"University of California, San Francisco","ror":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210157890","display_name":"Neurological Surgery","ror":"https://ror.org/04r0gp612","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210157890"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John K Wiencke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departments of Neurological Surgery, and Division of Epidemiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. John.Wiencke@ucsf.edu","Departments of Neurological Surgery, and Division of Epidemiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of Neurological Surgery, and Division of Epidemiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. John.Wiencke@ucsf.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210157890","https://openalex.org/I180670191"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of Neurological Surgery, and Division of Epidemiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012121180","display_name":"Carmen J. Marsit","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4566-150X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107672454","display_name":"Dartmouth College","ror":"https://ror.org/049s0rh22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carmen J Marsit","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Community and Family Medicine, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, NH, USA. Carmen.J.Marsit@dartmouth.edu","Department of Community and Family Medicine, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Community and Family Medicine, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, NH, USA. Carmen.J.Marsit@dartmouth.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Community and Family Medicine, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5038687910"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131249849"],"apc_list":{"value":1690,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":2072},"apc_paid":{"value":1690,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":2072},"fwci":7.681,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":134,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97972137,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"1","first_page":"95","last_page":"95"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10269","display_name":"Epigenetics and DNA Methylation","score":0.8330000042915344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10269","display_name":"Epigenetics and DNA Methylation","score":0.8330000042915344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10222","display_name":"Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics","score":0.09019999951124191,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10885","display_name":"Gene expression and cancer classification","score":0.01510000042617321,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dna-methylation","display_name":"DNA methylation","score":0.756248950958252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/principal-component-analysis","display_name":"Principal component analysis","score":0.5522206425666809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epigenetics","display_name":"Epigenetics","score":0.5384514331817627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-biology","display_name":"Computational biology","score":0.5281445980072021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dna-microarray","display_name":"DNA microarray","score":0.4991943836212158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.4982900619506836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dna","display_name":"DNA","score":0.49393659830093384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cell","display_name":"Cell","score":0.4780083894729614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cell-type","display_name":"Cell type","score":0.47045910358428955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetics","display_name":"Genetics","score":0.443335622549057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.43199294805526733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/methylation","display_name":"Methylation","score":0.42069464921951294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.31135448813438416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gene","display_name":"Gene","score":0.2375379502773285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gene-expression","display_name":"Gene expression","score":0.17761671543121338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.14239391684532166}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190727270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q874745","display_name":"DNA methylation","level":4,"score":0.756248950958252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27438332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2873","display_name":"Principal component analysis","level":2,"score":0.5522206425666809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41091548","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26939","display_name":"Epigenetics","level":3,"score":0.5384514331817627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70721500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177005","display_name":"Computational biology","level":1,"score":0.5281445980072021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95371953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q591745","display_name":"DNA microarray","level":4,"score":0.4991943836212158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.4982900619506836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C552990157","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7430","display_name":"DNA","level":2,"score":0.49393659830093384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1491633281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7868","display_name":"Cell","level":2,"score":0.4780083894729614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189014844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189118","display_name":"Cell type","level":3,"score":0.47045910358428955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.443335622549057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.43199294805526733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33288867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q518328","display_name":"Methylation","level":3,"score":0.42069464921951294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.31135448813438416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.2375379502773285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150194340","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26972","display_name":"Gene expression","level":3,"score":0.17761671543121338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.14239391684532166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007962","descriptor_name":"Leukocytes","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007962","descriptor_name":"Leukocytes","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007962","descriptor_name":"Leukocytes","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010641","descriptor_name":"Phenotype","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010641","descriptor_name":"Phenotype","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010641","descriptor_name":"Phenotype","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019175","descriptor_name":"DNA Methylation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019175","descriptor_name":"DNA Methylation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019175","descriptor_name":"DNA Methylation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020411","descriptor_name":"Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020411","descriptor_name":"Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020411","descriptor_name":"Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D044127","descriptor_name":"Epigenesis, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D044127","descriptor_name":"Epigenesis, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D044127","descriptor_name":"Epigenesis, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055106","descriptor_name":"Genome-Wide Association Study","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055106","descriptor_name":"Genome-Wide Association Study","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055106","descriptor_name":"Genome-Wide Association Study","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D057890","descriptor_name":"Epigenomics","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D057890","descriptor_name":"Epigenomics","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D057890","descriptor_name":"Epigenomics","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12859-015-0527-y","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12859-015-0527-y","pdf_url":"https://bmcbioinformatics.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12859-015-0527-y","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S19032547","display_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1471-2105","issn":["1471-2105"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:25887114","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25887114","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC bioinformatics","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:escholarship.org/ark:/13030/qt03d5h621","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/03d5h621","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4392865","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4392865","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:qt03d5h621","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/03d5h621","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Wiencke, John; Houseman, EA; Kelsey, KT; Wiencke, JK; & Marsit, CJ. (2015). Cell-composition effects in the analysis of DNA methylation array data: A mathematical perspective. UC San Francisco: Retrieved from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/03d5h621","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12859-015-0527-y","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12859-015-0527-y","pdf_url":"https://bmcbioinformatics.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12859-015-0527-y","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S19032547","display_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1471-2105","issn":["1471-2105"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1449542829","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R01CA052689","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","funder_display_name":"National Cancer Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1717137618","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R01 MH094609","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3244091487","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"P01 ES022832","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4464573444","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"P50 CA097257","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","funder_display_name":"National Cancer Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G527254553","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ES022832","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337361","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5924651576","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R01 ES022223","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337361","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5945636832","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R01MH094609","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337361","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6271330465","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"P50CA097257","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","funder_display_name":"National Cancer Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6362915941","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"P30 CA023108","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","funder_display_name":"National Cancer Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6808659693","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"P01 ES022832","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337361","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6825203690","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R01 CA052689","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","funder_display_name":"National Cancer Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6975939456","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R01MH094609","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8737098965","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RD83544201","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337361","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G912593143","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RD83544201","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health","ror":"https://ror.org/04xeg9z08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","display_name":"National Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337361","display_name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/00j4k1h63"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1973331597.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1973331597.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":59,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W55686694","https://openalex.org/W1492696318","https://openalex.org/W1529159877","https://openalex.org/W1587650589","https://openalex.org/W1963970354","https://openalex.org/W1969670934","https://openalex.org/W1975528145","https://openalex.org/W1980465014","https://openalex.org/W1980779363","https://openalex.org/W1988142188","https://openalex.org/W1989810154","https://openalex.org/W1992413243","https://openalex.org/W2001541047","https://openalex.org/W2011988545","https://openalex.org/W2013343978","https://openalex.org/W2015347426","https://openalex.org/W2015794035","https://openalex.org/W2022484411","https://openalex.org/W2023639433","https://openalex.org/W2028934624","https://openalex.org/W2031576122","https://openalex.org/W2040667300","https://openalex.org/W2045474542","https://openalex.org/W2053856108","https://openalex.org/W2058337538","https://openalex.org/W2060608189","https://openalex.org/W2062207638","https://openalex.org/W2065833013","https://openalex.org/W2077359776","https://openalex.org/W2090373924","https://openalex.org/W2095682261","https://openalex.org/W2096715243","https://openalex.org/W2098373558","https://openalex.org/W2099562966","https://openalex.org/W2105208902","https://openalex.org/W2109281377","https://openalex.org/W2114339750","https://openalex.org/W2115415053","https://openalex.org/W2120180207","https://openalex.org/W2123419812","https://openalex.org/W2126983112","https://openalex.org/W2130523009","https://openalex.org/W2137499573","https://openalex.org/W2137857624","https://openalex.org/W2140638308","https://openalex.org/W2144035153","https://openalex.org/W2144998962","https://openalex.org/W2152745230","https://openalex.org/W2153424791","https://openalex.org/W2157834732","https://openalex.org/W2161841622","https://openalex.org/W2161922342","https://openalex.org/W2169556367","https://openalex.org/W2170324063","https://openalex.org/W2171346943","https://openalex.org/W2172200699","https://openalex.org/W2560791695","https://openalex.org/W4210453061","https://openalex.org/W6648377594"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1975632186","https://openalex.org/W2902329290","https://openalex.org/W2052355316","https://openalex.org/W2046964473","https://openalex.org/W2107880877","https://openalex.org/W2151182744","https://openalex.org/W2024490794","https://openalex.org/W2221018455","https://openalex.org/W2054863651","https://openalex.org/W1998349112"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"The":[1],"impact":[2],"of":[3,8,19,25,82,98,102,130,159,180,198,212,258],"cell-composition":[4],"effects":[5,56,111,116,131,205,235,238],"in":[6,49,112,132,165,242,254],"analysis":[7],"DNA":[9,26,86,144,262],"methylation":[10,27,87,145,263],"data":[11,22,135,146],"is":[12,34,46,123],"now":[13],"widely":[14],"appreciated.":[15],"With":[16],"the":[17,79,96,106,150,160,166,196,210,256],"availability":[18],"a":[20,70,83,133,157,177,191],"reference":[21,58],"set":[23],"consisting":[24],"measurements":[28],"on":[29,85,100,142,162],"isolated":[30],"cell":[31,38,54,104,243,250],"types,":[32,105],"it":[33,122],"possible":[35,124],"to":[36,125,201,209],"impute":[37],"proportions":[39,101],"and":[40,120,206,252],"adjust":[41,52],"for":[42,53,73,194,224],"them,":[43],"but":[44,168],"there":[45],"increasing":[47],"interest":[48],"methods":[50],"that":[51,78,121,149,169,182,221,247,253],"composition":[55,113],"when":[57],"sets":[59],"are":[60,248],"incomplete":[61],"or":[62,114],"unavailable.":[63],"RESULTS:":[64],"In":[65],"this":[66,139,213],"article":[67],"we":[68],"present":[69,164,190],"theoretical":[71],"basis":[72],"one":[74,94],"such":[75],"method,":[76],"showing":[77,148],"total":[80],"effect":[81,97],"phenotype":[84,99],"can":[88,227],"be":[89,265],"decomposed":[90],"into":[91],"orthogonal":[92],"components,":[93],"representing":[95,108],"major":[103],"other":[107],"either":[109],"subtle":[110],"global":[115],"at":[117],"focused":[118,186],"loci,":[119],"separate":[126],"these":[127],"two":[128],"types":[129],"finite":[134],"set.":[136],"We":[137,188],"demonstrate":[138,207],"principle":[140],"empirically":[141],"nine":[143],"sets,":[147],"first":[151],"few":[152],"principal":[153,171],"components":[154,172],"generally":[155],"contain":[156,174],"majority":[158],"information":[161,175],"cell-type":[163],"data,":[167],"later":[170],"nevertheless":[173],"about":[176],"small":[178],"number":[179,197],"loci":[181],"may":[183],"represent":[184],"more":[185],"associations.":[187],"also":[189],"new":[192],"method":[193],"determining":[195],"linear":[199],"terms":[200],"interpret":[202],"as":[203],"cell-mixture":[204,225],"robustness":[208],"choice":[211],"parameter.":[214],"CONCLUSIONS:":[215],"Taken":[216],"together,":[217],"our":[218],"work":[219],"demonstrates":[220],"reference-free":[222],"algorithms":[223],"adjustment":[226],"produce":[228],"biologically":[229],"valid":[230],"results,":[231],"separating":[232],"cell-mediated":[233],"epigenetic":[234],"(i.e.":[236],"apparent":[237],"arising":[239],"from":[240,245,261],"differences":[241],"composition)":[244],"those":[246],"not":[249],"mediated,":[251],"general":[255],"interpretation":[257],"associations":[259],"evident":[260],"should":[264],"carefully":[266],"considered.":[267]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-24T13:16:06.693445","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}