{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2126694117","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/2192-1962-3-22","title":"The art of software systems development: Reliability, Availability, Maintainability, Performance (RAMP)","display_name":"The art of software systems development: Reliability, Availability, Maintainability, Performance (RAMP)","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2126694117","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/2192-1962-3-22","mag":"2126694117"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/2192-1962-3-22","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/2192-1962-3-22","pdf_url":"https://hcis-journal.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/2192-1962-3-22","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2497168432","display_name":"Human-centric Computing and Information Sciences","issn_l":"2192-1962","issn":["2192-1962"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Human-centric Computing and Information Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://hcis-journal.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/2192-1962-3-22","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060999552","display_name":"Mohammad Malkawi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2576-0861"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I156983542","display_name":"Jordan University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03y8mtb59","country_code":"JO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I156983542"]}],"countries":["JO"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Isam Malkawi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 21410, Jordan","Jordan University of Science and Technology Irbid, Jordan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 21410, Jordan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I156983542"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jordan University of Science and Technology Irbid, Jordan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I156983542"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5060999552"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I156983542"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.2349,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":34,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97960644,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12423","display_name":"Software Reliability and Analysis Research","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12423","display_name":"Software Reliability and Analysis Research","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13197","display_name":"Spreadsheets and End-User Computing","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10639","display_name":"Advanced Software Engineering Methodologies","score":0.9950000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maintainability","display_name":"Maintainability","score":0.7715905904769897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.6656202673912048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workload","display_name":"Workload","score":0.5690022110939026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5650817155838013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-development","display_name":"Software development","score":0.4916992783546448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.48800697922706604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.4780731201171875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-system","display_name":"Software system","score":0.4567992687225342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.4446754455566406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-functional-testing","display_name":"Non-functional testing","score":0.44183480739593506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-requirements-specification","display_name":"Software requirements specification","score":0.4346773624420166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/functional-requirement","display_name":"Functional requirement","score":0.42899036407470703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.41569989919662476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-construction","display_name":"Software construction","score":0.3365829288959503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2546825408935547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.13671424984931946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/requirement","display_name":"Requirement","score":0.135025292634964}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160713754","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1389965","display_name":"Maintainability","level":2,"score":0.7715905904769897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.6656202673912048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778476105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628539","display_name":"Workload","level":2,"score":0.5690022110939026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5650817155838013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529173508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638608","display_name":"Software development","level":3,"score":0.4916992783546448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.48800697922706604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.4780731201171875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149091818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2429814","display_name":"Software system","level":3,"score":0.4567992687225342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.4446754455566406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26336911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7048920","display_name":"Non-functional testing","level":5,"score":0.44183480739593506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102780508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1761598","display_name":"Software requirements specification","level":5,"score":0.4346773624420166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62235348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3264234","display_name":"Functional requirement","level":2,"score":0.42899036407470703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.41569989919662476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186846655","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3398377","display_name":"Software construction","level":4,"score":0.3365829288959503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2546825408935547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.13671424984931946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135475081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q774228","display_name":"Requirement","level":4,"score":0.135025292634964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/2192-1962-3-22","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/2192-1962-3-22","pdf_url":"https://hcis-journal.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/2192-1962-3-22","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2497168432","display_name":"Human-centric Computing and Information Sciences","issn_l":"2192-1962","issn":["2192-1962"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Human-centric Computing and Information Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/2192-1962-3-22","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/2192-1962-3-22","pdf_url":"https://hcis-journal.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/2192-1962-3-22","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2497168432","display_name":"Human-centric Computing and Information Sciences","issn_l":"2192-1962","issn":["2192-1962"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Human-centric Computing and Information Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5600000023841858,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2126694117.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2126694117.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W33377702","https://openalex.org/W82326172","https://openalex.org/W338113922","https://openalex.org/W565659006","https://openalex.org/W1587236616","https://openalex.org/W1970902588","https://openalex.org/W1984283506","https://openalex.org/W1993449345","https://openalex.org/W2050524463","https://openalex.org/W2070215238","https://openalex.org/W2078721509","https://openalex.org/W2093495548","https://openalex.org/W2120876718","https://openalex.org/W2121098551","https://openalex.org/W2126230853","https://openalex.org/W2143471953","https://openalex.org/W2148143541","https://openalex.org/W2152101076","https://openalex.org/W2160289223","https://openalex.org/W2218237738","https://openalex.org/W2259761902","https://openalex.org/W2324447404","https://openalex.org/W2535286021","https://openalex.org/W2743332873","https://openalex.org/W2752853835","https://openalex.org/W2884796628","https://openalex.org/W2911326119","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2080089689","https://openalex.org/W1857319614","https://openalex.org/W1002355121","https://openalex.org/W2128973668","https://openalex.org/W3049262015","https://openalex.org/W2185884724","https://openalex.org/W3186880412","https://openalex.org/W3116151133","https://openalex.org/W2124541574","https://openalex.org/W2240531736"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1,270],"production":[2,261,286],"of":[3,18,28,67,76,95,149,153,174,185,198,221,231,262,277,287],"software":[4,23,176,243,264],"systems":[5,177,187,201,244,265,289],"with":[6,164,290],"specific":[7,282],"demand":[8],"on":[9,204,255],"reliability,":[10,102],"availability,":[11],"maintenance,":[12],"and":[13,103,116,170,196,218,223],"performance":[14,110,120],"(RAMP)":[15],"is":[16,81,89,111,146,272],"one":[17],"the":[19,29,74,96,107,119,141,147,172,183,194,205,211,219,235,239,247,256,260,275,285],"greatest":[20],"challenges":[21],"facing":[22],"engineers":[24],"at":[25,53,58,123,127],"all":[26],"levels":[27],"development":[30,184],"cycle.":[31],"Most":[32],"requirements":[33,41,48,64,80],"specification":[34],"tools":[35,195],"are":[36,49,238],"more":[37,66,144,281],"suited":[38],"for":[39,43,78,93,109,284],"functional":[40],"than":[42,70],"non-functional":[44],"RAMP":[45,47,79,97,166,175,249,263,293],"requirements.":[46],"left":[50],"unspecified,":[51],"specified":[52],"a":[54,71,150,162,179,190],"later":[55],"stage,":[56],"or":[57,126,155],"best":[59],"vaguely":[60],"specified,":[61],"which":[62,214],"makes":[63,140],"specifications":[65,98],"an":[68],"art":[69,232],"science.":[72],"Furthermore,":[73],"cost":[75],"testing":[77],"quite":[82,112],"often":[83,113],"prohibitive.":[84],"In":[85],"many":[86],"cases,":[87],"it":[88,215],"difficult":[90,145],"to":[91,208,273,279],"test":[92,108,124],"some":[94],"such":[99,118,186,200],"as":[100,117],"maintainability,":[101],"high":[104],"availability.":[105],"Even":[106],"workload":[114],"dependent":[115],"numbers":[121],"provided":[122],"time":[125,130],"system":[128,137,163,207],"commissioning":[129],"may":[131],"not":[132],"be":[133,189,209],"achievable":[134],"during":[135],"actual":[136],"workload.":[138],"What":[139],"subject":[142],"matter":[143],"absence":[148],"clear":[151],"set":[152],"rules":[154],"practices,":[156],"which,":[157],"if":[158],"followed":[159],"closely,":[160],"produce":[161],"acceptable":[165],"specifications.":[167],"As":[168],"such,":[169],"until":[171],"design":[173],"becomes":[178],"well":[180,291],"understood":[181],"theme,":[182],"will":[188,202,216,245,253],"fine":[191],"art,":[192],"where":[193],"capabilities":[197],"developing":[199],"depend":[203],"particular":[206],"developed,":[210],"environment":[212],"in":[213,259],"run,":[217],"level":[220],"expertise":[222],"knowledge":[224],"deployed.":[225],"Just":[226],"like":[227],"no":[228,241],"two":[229,242],"pieces":[230],"produced":[233],"by":[234],"same":[236,248],"artist":[237],"same,":[240],"have":[246],"characteristics.":[250],"This":[251],"paper":[252],"focus":[254],"paradigms":[257],"involved":[258],"through":[266],"several":[267],"case":[268],"studies.":[269],"purpose":[271],"promote":[274],"interest":[276],"researchers":[278],"develop":[280],"guidelines":[283],"SW":[288],"defined":[292],"qualities.":[294]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
