{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2148673091","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/2192-113x-2-21","title":"A decision framework for placement of applications in clouds that minimizes their carbon footprint","display_name":"A decision framework for placement of applications in clouds that minimizes their carbon footprint","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2148673091","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/2192-113x-2-21","mag":"2148673091"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/2192-113x-2-21","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/2192-113x-2-21","pdf_url":"https://journalofcloudcomputing.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/2192-113X-2-21","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2486819371","display_name":"Journal of Cloud Computing Advances Systems and Applications","issn_l":"2192-113X","issn":["2192-113X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Cloud Computing: Advances, Systems and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://journalofcloudcomputing.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/2192-113X-2-21","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084924663","display_name":"Marc X. Makkes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4222-4152"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887064364","display_name":"University of Amsterdam","ror":"https://ror.org/04dkp9463","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887064364"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169381384","display_name":"University of Groningen","ror":"https://ror.org/012p63287","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169381384"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Marc X Makkes","raw_affiliation_strings":["TNO Information and Communication Technology, Eemsgolaan 3, Groningen, The Netherlands","University of Amsterdam, Kruislaan 904, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TNO Information and Communication Technology, Eemsgolaan 3, Groningen, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169381384"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Amsterdam, Kruislaan 904, Amsterdam, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887064364"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028476081","display_name":"A. Taal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8547-7243"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887064364","display_name":"University of Amsterdam","ror":"https://ror.org/04dkp9463","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887064364"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arie Taal","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Amsterdam, Kruislaan 904, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Amsterdam, Kruislaan 904, Amsterdam, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887064364"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081822287","display_name":"Anwar Osseyran","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108155","display_name":"SURFsara (Netherlands)","ror":"https://ror.org/01k0v6g02","country_code":"NL","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210108155"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anwar Osseyran","raw_affiliation_strings":["SURFSara, Science Park 140, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SURFSara, Science Park 140, Amsterdam, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108155"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007029875","display_name":"Paola Grosso","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4600-9812"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887064364","display_name":"University of Amsterdam","ror":"https://ror.org/04dkp9463","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887064364"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paola Grosso","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Amsterdam, Kruislaan 904, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Amsterdam, Kruislaan 904, Amsterdam, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887064364"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5084924663"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169381384","https://openalex.org/I887064364"],"apc_list":{"value":990,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1214},"apc_paid":{"value":990,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1214},"fwci":5.8026,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96023806,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":"1","first_page":"21","last_page":"21"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12238","display_name":"Green IT and Sustainability","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-footprint","display_name":"Carbon footprint","score":0.8996548056602478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.8162015676498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.8147473335266113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7498685121536255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/footprint","display_name":"Footprint","score":0.6854294538497925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-center","display_name":"Data center","score":0.653916597366333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.5818403363227844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.5805187821388245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.5599793791770935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.4693872630596161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.33977776765823364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/greenhouse-gas","display_name":"Greenhouse gas","score":0.26050758361816406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.21232068538665771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.19065868854522705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.09655433893203735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.07492715120315552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.07182279229164124}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780936489","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q310667","display_name":"Carbon footprint","level":3,"score":0.8996548056602478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.8162015676498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.8147473335266113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7498685121536255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132943942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2562511","display_name":"Footprint","level":2,"score":0.6854294538497925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153740404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q671224","display_name":"Data center","level":2,"score":0.653916597366333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.5818403363227844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.5805187821388245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.5599793791770935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.4693872630596161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.33977776765823364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47737302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167336","display_name":"Greenhouse gas","level":2,"score":0.26050758361816406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.21232068538665771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.19065868854522705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.09655433893203735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.07492715120315552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.07182279229164124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/2192-113x-2-21","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/2192-113x-2-21","pdf_url":"https://journalofcloudcomputing.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/2192-113X-2-21","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2486819371","display_name":"Journal of Cloud Computing Advances Systems and Applications","issn_l":"2192-113X","issn":["2192-113X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Cloud Computing: Advances, Systems and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dare.uva.nl:publications/67d8daba-99d5-4d83-a6ee-a7fd679f99ea","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://handle.uba.uva.nl/personal/pure/en/publications/a-decision-framework-for-placement-of-applications-in-clouds-that-minimizes-their-carbon-footprint(67d8daba-99d5-4d83-a6ee-a7fd679f99ea).html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400088","display_name":"UvA-DARE (University of Amsterdam)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I887064364","host_organization_name":"University of Amsterdam","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887064364"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Makkes, M X, Taal, A, Osseyran, A & Grosso, P 2013, 'A decision framework for placement of applications in clouds that minimizes their carbon footprint', Journal of Cloud Computing, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 21. https://doi.org/10.1186/2192-113X-2-21","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:oai-pmh.tno.nl:41609","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://resolver.tno.nl/uuid:25083e1f-9e6a-4072-a345-3fa3b53e3665","pdf_url":"https://publications.tno.nl/publication/34616400/mZQ51j/makkes-2013-decision.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055233","display_name":"TNO Repository","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Cloud Computing: Advances, Systems and Applications, 2(21), pp. 13 p..","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dare.uva.nl:openaire_cris_publications/67d8daba-99d5-4d83-a6ee-a7fd679f99ea","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400088","display_name":"UvA-DARE (University of Amsterdam)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I887064364","host_organization_name":"University of Amsterdam","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887064364"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":""},{"id":"pmh:oai:tudelft.nl:uuid:25083e1f-9e6a-4072-a345-3fa3b53e3665","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:25083e1f-9e6a-4072-a345-3fa3b53e3665","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402238","display_name":"Repository hosted by TU Delft Library (TU Delft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","host_organization_name":"Delft University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Cloud Computing: Advances, Systems and Applications, 21, 2, 13 p.","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:uvapub:oai:dare.uva.nl:publications/67d8daba-99d5-4d83-a6ee-a7fd679f99ea","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dare.uva.nl/personal/pure/en/publications/a-decision-framework-for-placement-of-applications-in-clouds-that-minimizes-their-carbon-footprint(67d8daba-99d5-4d83-a6ee-a7fd679f99ea).html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401843","display_name":"Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1322597698","host_organization_name":"Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322597698"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Cloud Computing, 2(1). Springer Science + Business Media","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/2192-113x-2-21","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/2192-113x-2-21","pdf_url":"https://journalofcloudcomputing.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/2192-113X-2-21","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2486819371","display_name":"Journal of Cloud Computing Advances Systems and Applications","issn_l":"2192-113X","issn":["2192-113X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Cloud Computing: Advances, Systems and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8999999761581421,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2148673091.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965946067","https://openalex.org/W2029735532","https://openalex.org/W2065088268","https://openalex.org/W2087924620","https://openalex.org/W2099461045","https://openalex.org/W2102910133","https://openalex.org/W2121219387","https://openalex.org/W2129697104","https://openalex.org/W2139041001","https://openalex.org/W2156062774","https://openalex.org/W2274247052","https://openalex.org/W2955848663","https://openalex.org/W2999424480"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4388657780","https://openalex.org/W3104369155","https://openalex.org/W2162390224","https://openalex.org/W2238629651","https://openalex.org/W4366179056","https://openalex.org/W2883844485","https://openalex.org/W2897298371","https://openalex.org/W4253735668","https://openalex.org/W3035999627","https://openalex.org/W2165967062"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cloud":[0],"computing":[1],"gives":[2],"users":[3],"much":[4],"freedom":[5],"on":[6,22,101],"where":[7,33,117],"they":[8],"host":[9],"their":[10],"computation":[11,46],"and":[12,25,76,116],"storage.":[13],"However":[14],"the":[15,23,26,30,66,70,74,89,94,102,107],"CO2":[16,61,104],"emission":[17],"of":[18,29,82,91],"a":[19,39,51,54,98,111],"job":[20],"depends":[21],"location":[24],"energy":[27,71],"efficiency":[28],"data":[31,49,57],"centers":[32],"it":[34],"is":[35,110],"run.":[36],"We":[37,86],"developed":[38],"decision":[40],"framework":[41,67],"that":[42,88],"determines":[43],"to":[44,53,118],"move":[45,119],"with":[47],"accompanying":[48],"from":[50],"local":[52,75],"greener":[55],"remote":[56,77],"center":[58],"for":[59,69],"lower":[60],"emissions.":[62],"The":[63],"model":[64],"underlying":[65],"accounts":[68],"consumption":[72],"at":[73],"sites,":[78],"as":[79,81],"well":[80],"networks":[83],"among":[84],"them.":[85],"showed":[87],"type":[90],"network":[92],"connecting":[93],"two":[95],"sites":[96],"has":[97],"significant":[99],"impact":[100],"total":[103],"emission.":[105],"Furthermore,":[106],"task\u2019s":[108],"complexity":[109],"factor":[112],"in":[113],"deciding":[114],"when":[115],"computation.":[120]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-07-02T09:51:11.867554","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}