{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2113046211","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/2190-8532-2-1","title":"An \u201cEstimate & Score Algorithm\u201d for simultaneous parameter estimation and reconstruction of incomplete data on social networks","display_name":"An \u201cEstimate & Score Algorithm\u201d for simultaneous parameter estimation and reconstruction of incomplete data on social networks","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-01-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2113046211","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/2190-8532-2-1","mag":"2113046211"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/2190-8532-2-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/2190-8532-2-1","pdf_url":"https://security-informatics.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/2190-8532-2-1","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2492493267","display_name":"Security Informatics","issn_l":"2190-8532","issn":["2190-8532"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Security Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://security-informatics.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/2190-8532-2-1","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033088218","display_name":"Rachel Anne Hegemann","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rachel A Hegemann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, University of California Los Angeles, 520 Portola Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, USA","Department of Mathematics, University of California,Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, University of California Los Angeles, 520 Portola Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, University of California,Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009056536","display_name":"Erik Lewis","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Erik A Lewis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, University of California Los Angeles, 520 Portola Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, USA","Department of Mathematics, University of California,Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, University of California Los Angeles, 520 Portola Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, University of California,Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090707978","display_name":"Andrea L. Bertozzi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0396-7391"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrea L Bertozzi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, University of California Los Angeles, 520 Portola Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, USA","Department of Mathematics, University of California,Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, University of California Los Angeles, 520 Portola Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, University of California,Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5033088218"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"],"apc_list":{"value":1085,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1085},"apc_paid":{"value":1085,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1085},"fwci":23.5796,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":60,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99334855,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10574","display_name":"Crime Patterns and Interventions","score":0.9847000241279602,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10574","display_name":"Crime Patterns and Interventions","score":0.9847000241279602,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.9758999943733215,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10799","display_name":"Data Visualization and Analytics","score":0.9520000219345093,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8089812397956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergence","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","score":0.7272668480873108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.7090425491333008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rivalry","display_name":"Rivalry","score":0.6463368535041809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5705734491348267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law-enforcement","display_name":"Law enforcement","score":0.4766674339771271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.46451181173324585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-network","display_name":"Social network (sociolinguistics)","score":0.46114593744277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4563279151916504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimation","display_name":"Estimation","score":0.4537898898124695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.4519795775413513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point","display_name":"Point (geometry)","score":0.4289938807487488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.4224148392677307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.322720468044281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-media","display_name":"Social media","score":0.15323001146316528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.10872313380241394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.10304558277130127}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8089812397956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.7272668480873108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.7090425491333008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779602485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2901966","display_name":"Rivalry","level":2,"score":0.6463368535041809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5705734491348267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780262971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44554","display_name":"Law enforcement","level":2,"score":0.4766674339771271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.46451181173324585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4727928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17164759","display_name":"Social network (sociolinguistics)","level":3,"score":0.46114593744277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4563279151916504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96250715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q965330","display_name":"Estimation","level":2,"score":0.4537898898124695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4519795775413513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.4289938807487488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.4224148392677307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.322720468044281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518677369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202833","display_name":"Social media","level":2,"score":0.15323001146316528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.10872313380241394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10304558277130127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/2190-8532-2-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/2190-8532-2-1","pdf_url":"https://security-informatics.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/2190-8532-2-1","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2492493267","display_name":"Security Informatics","issn_l":"2190-8532","issn":["2190-8532"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Security Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/2190-8532-2-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/2190-8532-2-1","pdf_url":"https://security-informatics.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/2190-8532-2-1","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2492493267","display_name":"Security Informatics","issn_l":"2190-8532","issn":["2190-8532"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Security Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.800000011920929,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1523888516","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FA9550-","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338279","funder_display_name":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5212771377","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FA9550-10-1-0569","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338279","funder_display_name":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5583298662","display_name":"FRG: Collaborative Research: Mathematics of large scale urban crime","funder_award_id":"0968309","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5809100787","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FA9550","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338279","funder_display_name":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6098521345","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FA9550","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","funder_display_name":"Office of Naval Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7741864895","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FA9550-10-1-0569","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333591","funder_display_name":"Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8353001961","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DMS-0968309","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333591","display_name":"Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","display_name":"Office of Naval Research","ror":"https://ror.org/00rk2pe57"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338279","display_name":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research","ror":"https://ror.org/011e9bt93"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338281","display_name":"Army Research Office","ror":"https://ror.org/05epdh915"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2113046211.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2113046211.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W70563149","https://openalex.org/W158120760","https://openalex.org/W222325065","https://openalex.org/W1499465588","https://openalex.org/W1527904482","https://openalex.org/W1542886857","https://openalex.org/W1750253777","https://openalex.org/W1907699342","https://openalex.org/W1972203532","https://openalex.org/W1992019699","https://openalex.org/W1996919757","https://openalex.org/W1996953833","https://openalex.org/W2007839873","https://openalex.org/W2013878718","https://openalex.org/W2019536654","https://openalex.org/W2028944227","https://openalex.org/W2042034885","https://openalex.org/W2045373870","https://openalex.org/W2049633694","https://openalex.org/W2057135357","https://openalex.org/W2064758233","https://openalex.org/W2067258460","https://openalex.org/W2068870873","https://openalex.org/W2069849731","https://openalex.org/W2071778976","https://openalex.org/W2076072287","https://openalex.org/W2088047416","https://openalex.org/W2103651466","https://openalex.org/W2120368673","https://openalex.org/W2123291509","https://openalex.org/W2123906784","https://openalex.org/W2136536070","https://openalex.org/W2153862818","https://openalex.org/W2168715086","https://openalex.org/W2187486022","https://openalex.org/W2315012113","https://openalex.org/W2325346386","https://openalex.org/W2325408928","https://openalex.org/W2330033114","https://openalex.org/W3098842820","https://openalex.org/W3121146574","https://openalex.org/W3121940775","https://openalex.org/W4230709257","https://openalex.org/W4249855545"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2387405106","https://openalex.org/W2361460797","https://openalex.org/W2573131093","https://openalex.org/W1979871427","https://openalex.org/W2392374020","https://openalex.org/W2386949455","https://openalex.org/W2187506573","https://openalex.org/W2386767533","https://openalex.org/W2354051833","https://openalex.org/W3024886233"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Dynamic":[0],"activity":[1,32,50,88],"involving":[2,16],"social":[3],"networks":[4],"often":[5],"has":[6],"distinctive":[7],"temporal":[8,29],"patterns":[9],"that":[10,47,131,156],"can":[11,53,100],"be":[12,54,145],"exploited":[13],"in":[14,22,94,115,140,161],"situations":[15],"incomplete":[17,73],"information.":[18],"Gang":[19],"rivalry":[20,66],"networks,":[21],"particular,":[23],"display":[24],"a":[25,41,57,174],"high":[26],"degree":[27],"of":[28,31,40,64,96,117,134,181],"clustering":[30,114],"associated":[33],"with":[34,173],"retaliatory":[35],"behavior.":[36],"A":[37],"recent":[38],"study":[39],"Los":[42],"Angeles":[43],"gang":[44,49,81,87],"network":[45],"shows":[46],"known":[48,98],"between":[51],"rivals":[52],"modeled":[55],"as":[56],"self-exciting":[58],"point":[59,164],"process":[60,165],"on":[61],"an":[62,153],"edge":[63],"the":[65,97,112,118,128,132,135,148,159,162,170,182],"network.":[67],"In":[68],"real-life":[69],"situations,":[70],"data":[71,119,149],"is":[72,82,89],"and":[74,166,188],"law-enforcement":[75],"agencies":[76],"may":[77],"not":[78],"know":[79],"which":[80],"involved.":[83],"However,":[84,127],"even":[85],"when":[86,139],"highly":[90],"stochastic,":[91],"localized":[92],"excitations":[93],"parts":[95],"dataset":[99],"help":[101],"identify":[102,121],"gangs":[103,122],"responsible":[104,123],"for":[105,124],"unsolved":[106,125],"crimes.":[107,126],"Previous":[108],"work":[109],"successfully":[110],"incorporated":[111],"observed":[113],"time":[116],"to":[120,144,169],"authors":[129],"assumed":[130],"parameters":[133,160],"model":[136],"are":[137,190],"known,":[138],"reality":[141],"they":[142],"have":[143],"estimated":[146],"from":[147],"itself.":[150],"We":[151],"propose":[152],"iterative":[154],"method":[155],"simultaneously":[157],"estimates":[158],"underlying":[163],"assigns":[167],"weights":[168],"unknown":[171],"events":[172],"directly":[175],"calculable":[176],"score":[177],"function.":[178],"The":[179],"results":[180],"estimation,":[183],"weights,":[184],"error":[185],"propagation,":[186],"convergence":[187],"runtime":[189],"presented.":[191]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}