{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2122210092","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/2041-1480-4-1","title":"A common type system for clinical natural language processing","display_name":"A common type system for clinical natural language processing","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2122210092","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/2041-1480-4-1","mag":"2122210092","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23286462"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/2041-1480-4-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/2041-1480-4-1","pdf_url":"https://jbiomedsem.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/2041-1480-4-1","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S172276550","display_name":"Journal of Biomedical Semantics","issn_l":"2041-1480","issn":["2041-1480"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Biomedical Semantics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://jbiomedsem.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/2041-1480-4-1","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038428039","display_name":"Stephen Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0031-2560"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1330342723","display_name":"Mayo Clinic","ror":"https://ror.org/02qp3tb03","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Stephen T Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Rochester, MN, USA. wu.stephen@mayo.edu","Mayo Clinic Rochester  Rochester MN USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Rochester, MN, USA. wu.stephen@mayo.edu","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mayo Clinic Rochester  Rochester MN USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067681266","display_name":"Vinod C. Kaggal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0944-2211"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1330342723","display_name":"Mayo Clinic","ror":"https://ror.org/02qp3tb03","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210146710","display_name":"Mayo Clinic in Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/03zzw1w08","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723","https://openalex.org/I4210146710"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vinod C Kaggal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Rochester, MN, USA","Mayo Clinic Rochester-MN"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Rochester, MN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210146710"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mayo Clinic Rochester-MN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054031099","display_name":"Dmitriy Dligach","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2585-2707"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801851002","display_name":"Harvard University Press","ror":"https://ror.org/006v7bf86","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984","https://openalex.org/I2801851002"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1288882113","display_name":"Boston Children's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00dvg7y05","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1288882113"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dmitriy Dligach","raw_affiliation_strings":["Childrens Hospital Boston and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA","Harvard University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Childrens Hospital Boston and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1288882113","https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harvard University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801851002"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043015444","display_name":"James Masanz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0707-9439"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210146710","display_name":"Mayo Clinic in Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/03zzw1w08","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723","https://openalex.org/I4210146710"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1330342723","display_name":"Mayo Clinic","ror":"https://ror.org/02qp3tb03","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James J Masanz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Rochester, MN, USA","Mayo Clinic Rochester-MN"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Rochester, MN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210146710"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mayo Clinic Rochester-MN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100326679","display_name":"Pei Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2017-576X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1288882113","display_name":"Boston Children's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00dvg7y05","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1288882113"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801851002","display_name":"Harvard University Press","ror":"https://ror.org/006v7bf86","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984","https://openalex.org/I2801851002"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pei Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Childrens Hospital Boston and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA","Harvard University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Childrens Hospital Boston and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1288882113","https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harvard University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801851002"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102946766","display_name":"Lee A. Becker","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6805-2577"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188538660","display_name":"University of Colorado Boulder","ror":"https://ror.org/02ttsq026","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lee Becker","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA","University of Colorado \u2010 Boulder"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Colorado \u2010 Boulder","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065170642","display_name":"Wendy W. Chapman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8702-4483"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California, San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wendy W Chapman","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, San Diego, CA, USA","University of California at San Diego"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, San Diego, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California at San Diego","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087865794","display_name":"Guergana Savova","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5887-200X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1288882113","display_name":"Boston Children's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00dvg7y05","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1288882113"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801851002","display_name":"Harvard University Press","ror":"https://ror.org/006v7bf86","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984","https://openalex.org/I2801851002"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guergana K Savova","raw_affiliation_strings":["Childrens Hospital Boston and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA","Harvard University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Childrens Hospital Boston and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1288882113","https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harvard University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801851002"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101585391","display_name":"Hongfang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2570-3741"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210146710","display_name":"Mayo Clinic in Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/03zzw1w08","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723","https://openalex.org/I4210146710"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongfang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Rochester, MN, USA","Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Rochester, MN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210146710"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210146710"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060390916","display_name":"Christopher G. Chute","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5437-2545"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210146710","display_name":"Mayo Clinic in Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/03zzw1w08","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723","https://openalex.org/I4210146710"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1330342723","display_name":"Mayo Clinic","ror":"https://ror.org/02qp3tb03","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christopher G Chute","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Rochester, MN, USA","Mayo Clinic Rochester-MN"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Rochester, MN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210146710"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mayo Clinic Rochester-MN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":10,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5038428039"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723"],"apc_list":{"value":1190,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1459},"apc_paid":{"value":1190,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1459},"fwci":3.2887,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":42,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92735282,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"1"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.840809166431427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6416794061660767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interoperability","display_name":"Interoperability","score":0.6187617778778076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantics","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","score":0.5858980417251587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.5745512247085571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unstructured-data","display_name":"Unstructured data","score":0.5502123236656189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantic-interoperability","display_name":"Semantic interoperability","score":0.5113682150840759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.4537704885005951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.2619951367378235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.20199164748191833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/big-data","display_name":"Big data","score":0.19754543900489807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.18701884150505066}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.840809166431427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6416794061660767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20136886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749647","display_name":"Interoperability","level":2,"score":0.6187617778778076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.5858980417251587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.5745512247085571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781252014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1141900","display_name":"Unstructured data","level":3,"score":0.5502123236656189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192800085","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5258530","display_name":"Semantic interoperability","level":3,"score":0.5113682150840759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.4537704885005951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.2619951367378235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.20199164748191833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75684735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q858810","display_name":"Big data","level":2,"score":0.19754543900489807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.18701884150505066}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/2041-1480-4-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/2041-1480-4-1","pdf_url":"https://jbiomedsem.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/2041-1480-4-1","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S172276550","display_name":"Journal of Biomedical Semantics","issn_l":"2041-1480","issn":["2041-1480"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Biomedical Semantics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:23286462","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23286462","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of biomedical semantics","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:jupiter.its.unimelb.edu.au:11343/271625","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11343/271625","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11343/271625","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196259","display_name":"Minerva Access (University of Melbourne)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I165779595","host_organization_name":"The University of Melbourne","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dash.harvard.edu:1/10589779","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:10589779","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401540","display_name":"Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","host_organization_name":"Harvard University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d2e4cc7524a34b0b82ce13bbbefc57d0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d2e4cc7524a34b0b82ce13bbbefc57d0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Biomedical Semantics, Vol 4, Iss 1, p 1 (2013)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:2573993","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3575354","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/2041-1480-4-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/2041-1480-4-1","pdf_url":"https://jbiomedsem.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/2041-1480-4-1","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S172276550","display_name":"Journal of Biomedical Semantics","issn_l":"2041-1480","issn":["2041-1480"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Biomedical Semantics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7099999785423279,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306085","display_name":"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services","ror":"https://ror.org/033jnv181"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2122210092.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2122210092.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4508078","https://openalex.org/W1524304585","https://openalex.org/W1602694398","https://openalex.org/W1632114991","https://openalex.org/W1975048439","https://openalex.org/W1979972982","https://openalex.org/W2027979924","https://openalex.org/W2042879203","https://openalex.org/W2084680147","https://openalex.org/W2093157872","https://openalex.org/W2094061585","https://openalex.org/W2096797897","https://openalex.org/W2109317245","https://openalex.org/W2115259143","https://openalex.org/W2122402213","https://openalex.org/W2125552472","https://openalex.org/W2126851059","https://openalex.org/W2146089916","https://openalex.org/W2151170651","https://openalex.org/W2160212714","https://openalex.org/W2278242120","https://openalex.org/W2914178185"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4386953431","https://openalex.org/W2355850745","https://openalex.org/W2109385585","https://openalex.org/W2157800466","https://openalex.org/W2388051831","https://openalex.org/W4292980915","https://openalex.org/W2531681040","https://openalex.org/W2908350895","https://openalex.org/W3209454962","https://openalex.org/W2885367039"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"have":[1],"created":[2],"a":[3],"type":[4],"system":[5],"that":[6,32],"targets":[7],"deep":[8,46],"semantics,":[9],"thereby":[10],"allowing":[11],"for":[12],"NLP":[13,39],"systems":[14],"to":[15],"encapsulate":[16],"knowledge":[17],"from":[18],"text":[19],"and":[20],"share":[21],"it":[22],"alongside":[23],"heterogenous":[24],"clinical":[25,47],"data":[26,57],"sources.":[27],"Rather":[28],"than":[29],"surface":[30],"semantics":[31,42,48],"are":[33],"typically":[34],"the":[35,50],"end":[36],"product":[37],"of":[38,52],"algorithms,":[40],"CEM-based":[41],"explicitly":[43],"build":[44],"in":[45],"as":[49],"point":[51],"interoperability":[53],"with":[54],"more":[55],"structured":[56],"types.":[58]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
