{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2057498577","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1752-0509-1-24","title":"Understanding network concepts in modules","display_name":"Understanding network concepts in modules","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-06-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2057498577","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1752-0509-1-24","mag":"2057498577","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17547772"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/1752-0509-1-24","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1752-0509-1-24","pdf_url":"https://bmcsystbiol.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1752-0509-1-24","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S92363890","display_name":"BMC Systems Biology","issn_l":"1752-0509","issn":["1752-0509"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Systems Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://bmcsystbiol.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1752-0509-1-24","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084918710","display_name":"Jun Dong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0026-6680"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jun Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Human Genetics and Department of Biostatistics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. jundong@ucla.edu","Department of Human Genetics and Department of Biostatistics, University of California, Los Angeles, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Human Genetics and Department of Biostatistics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. jundong@ucla.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Human Genetics and Department of Biostatistics, University of California, Los Angeles, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000192581","display_name":"Steve Horvath","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4110-3589"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Steve Horvath","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Human Genetics and Department of Biostatistics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA","Department of Human Genetics and Department of Biostatistics, University of California, Los Angeles, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Human Genetics and Department of Biostatistics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Human Genetics and Department of Biostatistics, University of California, Los Angeles, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5084918710"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.6502,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":496,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96889687,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":"1","first_page":"24","last_page":"24"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10887","display_name":"Bioinformatics and Genomic Networks","score":0.9369999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10887","display_name":"Bioinformatics and Genomic Networks","score":0.9369999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.03539999946951866,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13283","display_name":"Mental Health Research Topics","score":0.005499999970197678,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clustering-coefficient","display_name":"Clustering coefficient","score":0.7472807168960571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6578450202941895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pairwise-comparison","display_name":"Pairwise comparison","score":0.6406450271606445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biological-network","display_name":"Biological network","score":0.5953094363212585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.5919755101203918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adjacency-matrix","display_name":"Adjacency matrix","score":0.5608916282653809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometric-networks","display_name":"Geometric networks","score":0.553979218006134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/node","display_name":"Node (physics)","score":0.5480201840400696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.4788739085197449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-topology","display_name":"Network topology","score":0.4629332423210144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hierarchical-network-model","display_name":"Hierarchical network model","score":0.4511234164237976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heterogeneous-network","display_name":"Heterogeneous network","score":0.4511019289493561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.43755921721458435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/complex-network","display_name":"Complex network","score":0.43467384576797485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conformity","display_name":"Conformity","score":0.4210326373577118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.4186110496520996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gene-regulatory-network","display_name":"Gene regulatory network","score":0.41804155707359314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2532736659049988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.21446719765663147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-biology","display_name":"Computational biology","score":0.1407809555530548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.13726741075515747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.1131330132484436}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22047676","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898680","display_name":"Clustering coefficient","level":3,"score":0.7472807168960571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6578450202941895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184898388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1435712","display_name":"Pairwise comparison","level":2,"score":0.6406450271606445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28225019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4915005","display_name":"Biological network","level":2,"score":0.5953094363212585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.5919755101203918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180356752","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727035","display_name":"Adjacency matrix","level":3,"score":0.5608916282653809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49777392","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5535495","display_name":"Geometric networks","level":3,"score":0.553979218006134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5480201840400696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.4788739085197449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199845137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q145490","display_name":"Network topology","level":2,"score":0.4629332423210144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64900535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5753111","display_name":"Hierarchical network model","level":3,"score":0.4511234164237976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158207573","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5747224","display_name":"Heterogeneous network","level":4,"score":0.4511019289493561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.43755921721458435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34947359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q665189","display_name":"Complex network","level":2,"score":0.43467384576797485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142172996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221284","display_name":"Conformity","level":2,"score":0.4210326373577118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.4186110496520996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67339327","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1502576","display_name":"Gene regulatory network","level":4,"score":0.41804155707359314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2532736659049988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.21446719765663147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70721500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177005","display_name":"Computational biology","level":1,"score":0.1407809555530548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.13726741075515747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.1131330132484436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150194340","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26972","display_name":"Gene expression","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004330","descriptor_name":"Drosophila","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004330","descriptor_name":"Drosophila","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004330","descriptor_name":"Drosophila","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004330","descriptor_name":"Drosophila","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004330","descriptor_name":"Drosophila","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004330","descriptor_name":"Drosophila","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008954","descriptor_name":"Models, Biological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008954","descriptor_name":"Models, Biological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008954","descriptor_name":"Models, Biological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009626","descriptor_name":"Terminology as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009626","descriptor_name":"Terminology as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009626","descriptor_name":"Terminology as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011506","descriptor_name":"Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011506","descriptor_name":"Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011506","descriptor_name":"Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011506","descriptor_name":"Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011506","descriptor_name":"Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011506","descriptor_name":"Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015003","descriptor_name":"Yeasts","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015003","descriptor_name":"Yeasts","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015003","descriptor_name":"Yeasts","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015003","descriptor_name":"Yeasts","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015003","descriptor_name":"Yeasts","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015003","descriptor_name":"Yeasts","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015870","descriptor_name":"Gene Expression","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015870","descriptor_name":"Gene Expression","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015870","descriptor_name":"Gene Expression","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016000","descriptor_name":"Cluster Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016000","descriptor_name":"Cluster Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016000","descriptor_name":"Cluster Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D053263","descriptor_name":"Gene Regulatory Networks","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D053263","descriptor_name":"Gene Regulatory Networks","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D053263","descriptor_name":"Gene Regulatory Networks","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D053858","descriptor_name":"Metabolic Networks and Pathways","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D053858","descriptor_name":"Metabolic Networks and Pathways","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D053858","descriptor_name":"Metabolic Networks and Pathways","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/1752-0509-1-24","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1752-0509-1-24","pdf_url":"https://bmcsystbiol.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1752-0509-1-24","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S92363890","display_name":"BMC Systems Biology","issn_l":"1752-0509","issn":["1752-0509"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Systems Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:17547772","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17547772","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC systems biology","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:2247037","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3238286","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/1752-0509-1-24","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1752-0509-1-24","pdf_url":"https://bmcsystbiol.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1752-0509-1-24","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S92363890","display_name":"BMC Systems Biology","issn_l":"1752-0509","issn":["1752-0509"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Systems Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health","ror":"https://ror.org/04xeg9z08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337359","display_name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","ror":"https://ror.org/01s5ya894"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2057498577.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2057498577.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":54,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1488435683","https://openalex.org/W1493454437","https://openalex.org/W1502421007","https://openalex.org/W1516184414","https://openalex.org/W1556598185","https://openalex.org/W1588911128","https://openalex.org/W1639696487","https://openalex.org/W1668115650","https://openalex.org/W1758393430","https://openalex.org/W1761088907","https://openalex.org/W1788683850","https://openalex.org/W1932560099","https://openalex.org/W1973651601","https://openalex.org/W1988736741","https://openalex.org/W2008620264","https://openalex.org/W2012852001","https://openalex.org/W2018045523","https://openalex.org/W2018817177","https://openalex.org/W2022440628","https://openalex.org/W2038784978","https://openalex.org/W2051132263","https://openalex.org/W2052464097","https://openalex.org/W2056944867","https://openalex.org/W2060705109","https://openalex.org/W2065769502","https://openalex.org/W2068229930","https://openalex.org/W2078149659","https://openalex.org/W2090365300","https://openalex.org/W2099551325","https://openalex.org/W2103453943","https://openalex.org/W2104080300","https://openalex.org/W2111722408","https://openalex.org/W2112090702","https://openalex.org/W2114696370","https://openalex.org/W2118340207","https://openalex.org/W2119148009","https://openalex.org/W2121470019","https://openalex.org/W2122683221","https://openalex.org/W2127020923","https://openalex.org/W2130790725","https://openalex.org/W2142720308","https://openalex.org/W2149055390","https://openalex.org/W2149640531","https://openalex.org/W2150926065","https://openalex.org/W2151820055","https://openalex.org/W2163480486","https://openalex.org/W2166106382","https://openalex.org/W2166994421","https://openalex.org/W2335074023","https://openalex.org/W2787289460","https://openalex.org/W2963261555","https://openalex.org/W2999729612","https://openalex.org/W3103071483","https://openalex.org/W4240818884"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2161231129","https://openalex.org/W3135338679","https://openalex.org/W2363791806","https://openalex.org/W2361239511","https://openalex.org/W1615899219","https://openalex.org/W2357702059","https://openalex.org/W2351339840","https://openalex.org/W2072971818","https://openalex.org/W2057498577","https://openalex.org/W2287803059"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Network":[1],"concepts":[2,56,67,122,140,162,207,218],"are":[3,57,250,270],"increasingly":[4],"used":[5,17,30,43],"in":[6,68,228,255,272],"biology":[7],"and":[8,36,47,135,152,196,237,253],"genetics.":[9],"For":[10,180],"example,":[11,181],"the":[12,22,37,84,113,142,187,190,192,194,197,226,283],"clustering":[13,150,188],"coefficient":[14],"has":[15,28,41],"been":[16,29,42],"to":[18,31,44,48,76,108,112,123,171,213],"understand":[19],"network":[20,55,66,91,121,131,161,206,217,266],"architecture;":[21],"connectivity":[23,227],"(also":[24],"known":[25,58],"as":[26,77],"degree)":[27],"screen":[32],"for":[33,119],"cancer":[34],"targets;":[35],"topological":[38,153,198],"overlap":[39],"matrix":[40],"define":[45,127],"modules":[46],"annotate":[49],"genes.":[50],"Dozens":[51],"of":[52,71,130,145,159,203,225,247,258],"potentially":[53],"useful":[54],"from":[59,282],"graph":[60],"theory.":[61],"RESULTS:":[62],"Here":[63],"we":[64,74,126,182,240],"study":[65],"special":[69],"types":[70,129,257],"networks,":[72,83,259],"which":[73,278],"refer":[75],"approximately":[78,251],"factorizable":[79,252],"networks.":[80,230],"In":[81],"these":[82,256],"pairwise":[85],"connection":[86],"strength":[87],"(adjacency)":[88],"between":[89,175,186,263],"2":[90],"nodes":[92,249],"can":[93,219,279],"be":[94,109,220,280],"factored":[95],"into":[96],"node":[97,101,104],"specific":[98],"contributions,":[99],"named":[100],"'conformity'.":[102],"The":[103,155,200],"conformity":[105],"turns":[106],"out":[107],"highly":[110],"related":[111],"connectivity.":[114],"To":[115],"provide":[116],"a":[117],"formalism":[118],"relating":[120],"each":[124],"other,":[125],"three":[128],"concepts:":[132],"fundamental-,":[133],"conformity-based-,":[134],"approximate":[136,156,204],"conformity-based":[137,157,205],"concepts.":[138,179,267],"Fundamental":[139],"include":[141],"standard":[143],"definitions":[144],"connectivity,":[146],"density,":[147,193],"centralization,":[148,195],"heterogeneity,":[149,191],"coefficient,":[151,189],"overlap.":[154,199],"analogs":[158],"fundamental":[160,216],"have":[163],"several":[164],"theoretical":[165],"advantages.":[166],"First,":[167],"they":[168,210],"allow":[169,211],"one":[170,212],"derive":[172,183],"simple":[173,184,223,260],"relationships":[174,185,261],"seemingly":[176,264],"disparate":[177,265],"networks":[178,245],"second":[201],"advantage":[202],"is":[208],"that":[209,215,242],"show":[214,241],"approximated":[221],"by":[222],"functions":[224],"module":[229,248],"CONCLUSION:":[231],"Using":[232],"protein-protein":[233],"interaction,":[234],"gene":[235],"co-expression,":[236],"simulated":[238],"data,":[239],"a)":[243],"many":[244],"comprised":[246],"b)":[254],"exist":[262],"Our":[268],"results":[269],"implemented":[271],"freely":[273],"available":[274],"R":[275],"software":[276],"code,":[277],"downloaded":[281],"following":[284],"webpage:":[285],"http://www.genetics.ucla.edu/labs/horvath/ModuleConformity/ModuleNetworks.":[286]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":33},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":65},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":29},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":33},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":33},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":33},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":34},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":37},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":30}],"updated_date":"2026-04-29T09:16:38.111599","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}