{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2122778575","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1687-6180-2014-131","title":"Blind and semi-blind ML detection for space-time block-coded OFDM wireless systems","display_name":"Blind and semi-blind ML detection for space-time block-coded OFDM wireless systems","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-08-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2122778575","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1687-6180-2014-131","mag":"2122778575"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/1687-6180-2014-131","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1687-6180-2014-131","pdf_url":"https://asp-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1687-6180-2014-131","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S35920007","display_name":"EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing","issn_l":"1687-6172","issn":["1687-6172","1687-6180"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://asp-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1687-6180-2014-131","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078057594","display_name":"Alam Zaib","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1381-2799"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134085113","display_name":"King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals","ror":"https://ror.org/03yez3163","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Alam Zaib","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia","(Department of Electrical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(Department of Electrical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066119580","display_name":"Tareq Y. Al-Naffouri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6955-4720"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134085113","display_name":"King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals","ror":"https://ror.org/03yez3163","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71920554","display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01q3tbs38","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tareq Y Al-Naffouri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia","Department of Electrical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5078057594"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"],"apc_list":{"value":1140,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1398},"apc_paid":{"value":1140,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1398},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.13717702,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"2014","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10575","display_name":"Wireless Communication Networks Research","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orthogonal-frequency-division-multiplexing","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","score":0.7279990315437317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.6668373346328735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6488697528839111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.6198055148124695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subcarrier","display_name":"Subcarrier","score":0.540042519569397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-complexity-theory","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","score":0.5375350117683411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.4899882376194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rayleigh-fading","display_name":"Rayleigh fading","score":0.48349717259407043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.4585352838039398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.4051057994365692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.26310598850250244}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40409654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q375889","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","level":3,"score":0.7279990315437317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.6668373346328735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6488697528839111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.6198055148124695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198329298","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q586358","display_name":"Subcarrier","level":4,"score":0.540042519569397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.5375350117683411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.4899882376194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56985126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q854039","display_name":"Rayleigh fading","level":4,"score":0.48349717259407043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.4585352838039398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.4051057994365692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.26310598850250244}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/1687-6180-2014-131","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1687-6180-2014-131","pdf_url":"https://asp-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1687-6180-2014-131","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S35920007","display_name":"EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing","issn_l":"1687-6172","issn":["1687-6172","1687-6180"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.kaust.edu.sa:10754/346760","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10754/346760","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401596","display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Repository (King Abdullah University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I71920554","host_organization_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/1687-6180-2014-131","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1687-6180-2014-131","pdf_url":"https://asp-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1687-6180-2014-131","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S35920007","display_name":"EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing","issn_l":"1687-6172","issn":["1687-6172","1687-6180"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322323","display_name":"King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals","ror":"https://ror.org/03yez3163"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2122778575.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2122778575.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W423095831","https://openalex.org/W1547069917","https://openalex.org/W1987314044","https://openalex.org/W2027515139","https://openalex.org/W2039632403","https://openalex.org/W2096076421","https://openalex.org/W2107080958","https://openalex.org/W2107514837","https://openalex.org/W2112313699","https://openalex.org/W2116389984","https://openalex.org/W2120732879","https://openalex.org/W2123531416","https://openalex.org/W2123940428","https://openalex.org/W2129160490","https://openalex.org/W2130509920","https://openalex.org/W2145890330","https://openalex.org/W2149233205","https://openalex.org/W2149587304","https://openalex.org/W2152210713","https://openalex.org/W2157124155","https://openalex.org/W2158410938","https://openalex.org/W2162773336","https://openalex.org/W2166066512","https://openalex.org/W2966368948","https://openalex.org/W4243330440"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1501039677","https://openalex.org/W3161598161","https://openalex.org/W2306672848","https://openalex.org/W2128552819","https://openalex.org/W2166250390","https://openalex.org/W2055131418","https://openalex.org/W4291701075","https://openalex.org/W2101999641","https://openalex.org/W2116044594","https://openalex.org/W1503152075"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"investigates":[2],"the":[3,57,71,99,110,130,136,141,153,167,172],"joint":[4,26,53],"maximum":[5],"likelihood":[6],"(ML)":[7],"data":[8,30],"detection":[9,31,170],"and":[10,29,76,108,176],"channel":[11,157,161],"estimation":[12,28,137],"problem":[13],"for":[14,97],"Alamouti":[15,134],"space-time":[16],"block-coded":[17],"(STBC)":[18],"orthogonal":[19],"frequency-division":[20],"multiplexing":[21],"(OFDM)":[22],"wireless":[23,154],"systems.":[24,84],"The":[25,147],"ML":[27,54],"is":[32,101,125],"generally":[33],"considered":[34],"a":[35,89,94,118],"hard":[36],"combinatorial":[37],"optimization":[38],"problem.":[39],"We":[40],"propose":[41],"an":[42],"efficient":[43],"low-complexity":[44],"algorithm":[45,62,91],"based":[46,92],"on":[47,93,105],"branch-estimate-bound":[48],"strategy":[49],"that":[50,127],"renders":[51],"exact":[52],"solution.":[55],"However,":[56],"computational":[58],"complexity":[59,100,142],"of":[60,73,115,133,174],"blind":[61,175],"becomes":[63],"critical":[64],"at":[65],"low":[66],"signal-to-noise":[67],"ratio":[68],"(SNR)":[69],"as":[70],"number":[72],"OFDM":[74],"carriers":[75,111],"constellation":[77],"size":[78],"are":[79],"increased":[80],"especially":[81],"in":[82],"multiple-antenna":[83],"To":[85],"overcome":[86],"this":[87],"problem,":[88],"semi-blind":[90,177],"new":[95],"framework":[96],"reducing":[98],"proposed":[102,148],"by":[103,128],"relying":[104],"subcarrier":[106],"reordering":[107],"decoding":[109],"with":[112,182],"different":[113,183],"levels":[114],"confidence":[116],"using":[117],"suitable":[119],"reliability":[120],"criterion.":[121],"In":[122],"addition,":[123],"it":[124],"shown":[126],"utilizing":[129],"inherent":[131],"structure":[132],"coding,":[135],"performance":[138],"improvement":[139],"or":[140],"reduction":[143],"can":[144,150],"be":[145],"achieved.":[146],"algorithms":[149,178],"reliably":[151],"track":[152],"Rayleigh":[155],"fading":[156,184],"without":[158],"requiring":[159],"any":[160],"statistics.":[162],"Simulation":[163],"results":[164],"presented":[165],"against":[166],"perfect":[168],"coherent":[169],"demonstrate":[171],"effectiveness":[173],"over":[179],"frequency-selective":[180],"channels":[181],"characteristics.":[185]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-18T14:38:29.013473","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}