{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2061967652","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1687-1499-2011-182","title":"5.9 GHz inter-vehicle communication at intersections: a validated non-line-of-sight path-loss and fading model","display_name":"5.9 GHz inter-vehicle communication at intersections: a validated non-line-of-sight path-loss and fading model","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-11-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2061967652","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1687-1499-2011-182","mag":"2061967652"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/1687-1499-2011-182","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1687-1499-2011-182","pdf_url":"https://jwcn-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1687-1499-2011-182","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S82675988","display_name":"EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking","issn_l":"1687-1472","issn":["1687-1472","1687-1499"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","datacite","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://jwcn-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1687-1499-2011-182","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083975372","display_name":"Thomas Mangel","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156768","display_name":"BMW Group (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/044kkbh92","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210156768"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283382300","display_name":"BMW (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/05vs9tj88","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283382300","https://openalex.org/I4210156768"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Mangel","raw_affiliation_strings":["BMW Group Research and Technology, Hanauer Stra\u00dfe 46, 80992, M\u00fcnchen, Germany","[BMW Group Research and Technology, Munchen, Germany]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BMW Group Research and Technology, Hanauer Stra\u00dfe 46, 80992, M\u00fcnchen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283382300","https://openalex.org/I4210156768"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[BMW Group Research and Technology, Munchen, Germany]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283382300"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076147641","display_name":"Oliver Klemp","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283382300","display_name":"BMW (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/05vs9tj88","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283382300","https://openalex.org/I4210156768"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156768","display_name":"BMW Group (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/044kkbh92","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210156768"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Oliver Klemp","raw_affiliation_strings":["BMW Group Research and Technology, Hanauer Stra\u00dfe 46, 80992, M\u00fcnchen, Germany","[BMW Group Research and Technology, Munchen, Germany]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BMW Group Research and Technology, Hanauer Stra\u00dfe 46, 80992, M\u00fcnchen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283382300","https://openalex.org/I4210156768"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[BMW Group Research and Technology, Munchen, Germany]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283382300"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085339318","display_name":"Hannes Hartenstein","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3441-3180"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hannes Hartenstein","raw_affiliation_strings":["Decentralized Systems and Network Services Research Group, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76128, Karlsruhe, Germany","Decentralized Syst. & Network Services Res. Group, Karlsruhe Inst. of Technol., Karlsruhe, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Decentralized Systems and Network Services Research Group, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76128, Karlsruhe, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Decentralized Syst. & Network Services Res. Group, Karlsruhe Inst. of Technol., Karlsruhe, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5083975372"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283382300","https://openalex.org/I4210156768"],"apc_list":{"value":1140,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1398},"apc_paid":{"value":1140,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1398},"fwci":6.7385,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":84,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97062384,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"2011","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12146","display_name":"Power Line Communications and Noise","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9890999794006348,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-line-of-sight-propagation","display_name":"Non-line-of-sight propagation","score":0.9889671802520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.869861900806427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7864723205566406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/path-loss","display_name":"Path loss","score":0.7418420910835266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intersection","display_name":"Intersection (aeronautics)","score":0.6695184707641602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.451340913772583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/path","display_name":"Path (computing)","score":0.44843122363090515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/line","display_name":"Line (geometry)","score":0.4149416983127594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3800785541534424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3736611008644104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.34690117835998535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.31106093525886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.20429521799087524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerospace-engineering","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","score":0.12762093544006348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.07497280836105347}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154910267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1740982","display_name":"Non-line-of-sight propagation","level":3,"score":0.9889671802520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.869861900806427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7864723205566406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194273485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1478845","display_name":"Path loss","level":3,"score":0.7418420910835266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64543145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162942","display_name":"Intersection (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.6695184707641602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.451340913772583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777735758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q817765","display_name":"Path (computing)","level":2,"score":0.44843122363090515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198352243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37105","display_name":"Line (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.4149416983127594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3800785541534424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3736611008644104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.34690117835998535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.31106093525886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.20429521799087524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.12762093544006348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.07497280836105347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/1687-1499-2011-182","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1687-1499-2011-182","pdf_url":"https://jwcn-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1687-1499-2011-182","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S82675988","display_name":"EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking","issn_l":"1687-1472","issn":["1687-1472","1687-1499"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:EVASTAR-Karlsruhe.de:1000026417","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publikationen.bibliothek.kit.edu/1000026417","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401992","display_name":"Repository KITopen (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","host_organization_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"EURASIP journal on wireless communications and networking, 1, Art. Nr.: 182","raw_type":"doc-type:article"},{"id":"doi:10.5445/ir/1000026417","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5445/ir/1000026417","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407052948","display_name":"KITopen","issn_l":null,"issn":[],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/1687-1499-2011-182","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1687-1499-2011-182","pdf_url":"https://jwcn-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1687-1499-2011-182","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S82675988","display_name":"EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking","issn_l":"1687-1472","issn":["1687-1472","1687-1499"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.6100000143051147}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2061967652.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2061967652.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W36874697","https://openalex.org/W1757573506","https://openalex.org/W1763097061","https://openalex.org/W1949271825","https://openalex.org/W2025169281","https://openalex.org/W2126059400","https://openalex.org/W2126192588","https://openalex.org/W2132394667","https://openalex.org/W2147415549","https://openalex.org/W2151946814","https://openalex.org/W2152819983","https://openalex.org/W2153881565","https://openalex.org/W2159243742","https://openalex.org/W2163961777","https://openalex.org/W2168752585","https://openalex.org/W3149673250","https://openalex.org/W4200308385","https://openalex.org/W4245063611","https://openalex.org/W4362597634","https://openalex.org/W4365799960"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2110139052","https://openalex.org/W4306950403","https://openalex.org/W22721396","https://openalex.org/W2253573804","https://openalex.org/W4300167711","https://openalex.org/W2806700348","https://openalex.org/W2963347964","https://openalex.org/W1994455657","https://openalex.org/W2168752585","https://openalex.org/W3104030016"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Inter-vehicle":[0],"communication":[1],"promises":[2],"to":[3,24,36,108,148],"prevent":[4],"accidents":[5],"by":[6],"enabling":[7],"applications":[8],"such":[9],"as":[10,121,123],"cross-traffic":[11],"assistance.":[12],"This":[13],"application":[14],"requires":[15],"information":[16],"from":[17],"vehicles":[18],"in":[19,91,119,127,142],"non-line-of-sight":[20],"(NLOS)":[21],"areas":[22],"due":[23],"building":[25],"at":[26,85],"intersection":[27],"corners.":[28],"The":[29],"periodic":[30],"cooperative":[31],"awareness":[32],"messages":[33],"are":[34,65],"foreseen":[35],"be":[37,106,140],"sent":[38],"via":[39],"5.9":[40,61,74],"GHz":[41,62,75],"IEEE":[42],"802.11p.":[43],"While":[44],"it":[45],"is":[46,134],"known":[47],"that":[48,98,153],"existing":[49,149],"micro-cell":[50,150],"models":[51,58,151],"might":[52],"not":[53],"apply":[54],"well,":[55],"validated":[56],"propagation":[57],"for":[59],"vehicular":[60],"NLOS":[63,76,128],"conditions":[64],"still":[66],"missing.":[67],"In":[68],"this":[69],"article,":[70],"we":[71],"develop":[72],"a":[73,86],"path-loss":[77],"and":[78,130],"fading":[79,126],"model":[80,114,133,155],"based":[81],"on":[82],"real-world":[83],"measurements":[84],"representative":[87],"selection":[88],"of":[89,94,135],"intersections":[90],"the":[92,100,113,132],"city":[93],"Munich.":[95],"We":[96],"show":[97],"(a)":[99],"measurement":[101],"data":[102],"can":[103],"very":[104],"well":[105,122],"fitted":[107],"an":[109],"analytical":[110],"model,":[111],"(b)":[112],"incorporates":[115],"specific":[116],"geometric":[117],"aspects":[118],"closed-form":[120],"normally":[124],"distributed":[125],"conditions,":[129],"(c)":[131],"low":[136],"complexity,":[137],"thus,":[138],"could":[139],"used":[141],"large-scale":[143],"packet-level":[144],"simulations.":[145],"A":[146],"comparison":[147],"shows":[152],"our":[154],"significantly":[156],"differs.":[157]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}