{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2146081877","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6947-5-30","title":"Automation of a problem list using natural language processing","display_name":"Automation of a problem list using natural language processing","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-08-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2146081877","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6947-5-30","mag":"2146081877"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/1472-6947-5-30","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6947-5-30","pdf_url":"https://bmcmedinformdecismak.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/1472-6947-5-30","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107516304","display_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","issn_l":"1472-6947","issn":["1472-6947"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://bmcmedinformdecismak.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/1472-6947-5-30","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062245417","display_name":"St\u00e9phane M. Meystre","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7632-9625"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223532165","display_name":"University of Utah","ror":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Stephane Meystre","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Informatics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA","Department of Medical Informatics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Informatics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Informatics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013520157","display_name":"Peter J. Haug","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1026-0116"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223532165","display_name":"University of Utah","ror":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter J Haug","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Informatics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA","Department of Medical Informatics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Informatics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Informatics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5062245417"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"],"apc_list":{"value":1570,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1925},"apc_paid":{"value":1570,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1925},"fwci":3.1508,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":111,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92116117,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10350","display_name":"Electronic Health Records Systems","score":0.9750999808311462,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9739000201225281,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.747624397277832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-diagnosis","display_name":"Medical diagnosis","score":0.7456601858139038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sentence","display_name":"Sentence","score":0.5644860863685608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5263903141021729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.51922208070755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-informatics","display_name":"Health informatics","score":0.4863910973072052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language","display_name":"Natural language","score":0.4861869215965271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.47955963015556335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unified-medical-language-system","display_name":"Unified Medical Language System","score":0.4773519039154053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.42351555824279785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automation","display_name":"Automation","score":0.4114798903465271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.36465030908584595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.3615518808364868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.17706382274627686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.1291806399822235}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.747624397277832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C534262118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177719","display_name":"Medical diagnosis","level":2,"score":0.7456601858139038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777530160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41796","display_name":"Sentence","level":2,"score":0.5644860863685608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5263903141021729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.51922208070755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145642194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q870895","display_name":"Health informatics","level":3,"score":0.4863910973072052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.4861869215965271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.47955963015556335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69505689","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q455338","display_name":"Unified Medical Language System","level":2,"score":0.4773519039154053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.42351555824279785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115901376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184199","display_name":"Automation","level":2,"score":0.4114798903465271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.36465030908584595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.3615518808364868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.17706382274627686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.1291806399822235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/1472-6947-5-30","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6947-5-30","pdf_url":"https://bmcmedinformdecismak.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/1472-6947-5-30","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107516304","display_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","issn_l":"1472-6947","issn":["1472-6947"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:1efbe196008a4bf0b70f7e62768b0599","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/1efbe196008a4bf0b70f7e62768b0599","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making, Vol 5, Iss 1, p 30 (2005)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:95789","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC1208893","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:1208893","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1208893","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BMC Med Inform Decis Mak","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/1472-6947-5-30","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6947-5-30","pdf_url":"https://bmcmedinformdecismak.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/1472-6947-5-30","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107516304","display_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","issn_l":"1472-6947","issn":["1472-6947"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.8199999928474426}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2146081877.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2146081877.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":91,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W13024833","https://openalex.org/W24765167","https://openalex.org/W27076413","https://openalex.org/W39458253","https://openalex.org/W55245754","https://openalex.org/W56438637","https://openalex.org/W72448761","https://openalex.org/W91168480","https://openalex.org/W109765044","https://openalex.org/W114486185","https://openalex.org/W115596941","https://openalex.org/W139989439","https://openalex.org/W158137866","https://openalex.org/W187362671","https://openalex.org/W195729069","https://openalex.org/W202589628","https://openalex.org/W204556058","https://openalex.org/W209880289","https://openalex.org/W300523251","https://openalex.org/W643300111","https://openalex.org/W1425787433","https://openalex.org/W1485513899","https://openalex.org/W1504212872","https://openalex.org/W1511779552","https://openalex.org/W1517188135","https://openalex.org/W1523813553","https://openalex.org/W1526116830","https://openalex.org/W1534442584","https://openalex.org/W1543756077","https://openalex.org/W1546254663","https://openalex.org/W1550258693","https://openalex.org/W1552325775","https://openalex.org/W1570445666","https://openalex.org/W1574901103","https://openalex.org/W1580481679","https://openalex.org/W1588425671","https://openalex.org/W1588474917","https://openalex.org/W1593089476","https://openalex.org/W1594995996","https://openalex.org/W1595101309","https://openalex.org/W1598801177","https://openalex.org/W1601674470","https://openalex.org/W1608737606","https://openalex.org/W1699018224","https://openalex.org/W1739897536","https://openalex.org/W1832856171","https://openalex.org/W1871067837","https://openalex.org/W1901174480","https://openalex.org/W1965014786","https://openalex.org/W1965380368","https://openalex.org/W2006254660","https://openalex.org/W2019092855","https://openalex.org/W2023626710","https://openalex.org/W2023736097","https://openalex.org/W2032237293","https://openalex.org/W2036346265","https://openalex.org/W2039606826","https://openalex.org/W2045812729","https://openalex.org/W2047805825","https://openalex.org/W2064985222","https://openalex.org/W2068335288","https://openalex.org/W2069726734","https://openalex.org/W2072607050","https://openalex.org/W2080973412","https://openalex.org/W2088833820","https://openalex.org/W2119280445","https://openalex.org/W2119707622","https://openalex.org/W2125726375","https://openalex.org/W2130160813","https://openalex.org/W2135417100","https://openalex.org/W2138031922","https://openalex.org/W2139865360","https://openalex.org/W2142086840","https://openalex.org/W2142786899","https://openalex.org/W2165360381","https://openalex.org/W2166858912","https://openalex.org/W2168435845","https://openalex.org/W2278901959","https://openalex.org/W2288055910","https://openalex.org/W2288093748","https://openalex.org/W2295806952","https://openalex.org/W2324093677","https://openalex.org/W2419358494","https://openalex.org/W2800716056","https://openalex.org/W3145623110","https://openalex.org/W3150132563","https://openalex.org/W4236059846","https://openalex.org/W4248725586","https://openalex.org/W4254689430","https://openalex.org/W4255790452","https://openalex.org/W4317929157"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W79619734","https://openalex.org/W2010487328","https://openalex.org/W2340589664","https://openalex.org/W4281750475","https://openalex.org/W3087321790","https://openalex.org/W186091728","https://openalex.org/W2939811865","https://openalex.org/W2079870641","https://openalex.org/W915976642","https://openalex.org/W1559912111"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Background":[1],"The":[2,115,183,221,242,280],"medical":[3,13,79,147,151,188],"problem":[4,29,43,66,126,162,180,296],"list":[5,30,44,67,127,131,297],"is":[6,25,45,51,286],"an":[7,62,99],"important":[8],"part":[9],"of":[10,86,93,105,132,160,185,197,214,217,245,259,267,274,283,291,311],"the":[11,22,28,41,65,130,138,154,161,167,173,178,240,246,289,306],"electronic":[12,141,146],"record":[14],"in":[15,17,88,137,144,202,204],"development":[16],"our":[18,89,145,205,284],"institution.":[19],"To":[20,55],"serve":[21],"functions":[23],"it":[24],"designed":[26,157],"for,":[27],"has":[31],"to":[32,123,172,177,225,287,304],"be":[33,69],"as":[34,38],"accurate":[35],"and":[36,48,50,71,111,235,248,255,264,269,293,301,309],"timely":[37],"possible.":[39],"However,":[40],"current":[42],"usually":[46],"incomplete":[47],"inaccurate,":[49],"often":[52],"totally":[53],"unused.":[54],"alleviate":[56],"this":[57,76,165,192,312],"issue,":[58],"we":[59],"are":[60,170],"building":[61],"environment":[63],"where":[64],"can":[68],"easily":[70],"effectively":[72],"maintained.":[73],"Methods":[74],"For":[75],"project,":[77],"80":[78,133,186],"problems":[80,135,152,169,189,238],"were":[81],"selected":[82,190],"for":[83,158,175,191,298],"their":[84],"frequency":[85],"use":[87],"future":[90],"clinical":[91],"field":[92],"evaluation":[94,244],"(cardiovascular).":[95],"We":[96],"have":[97],"developed":[98],"Automated":[100],"Problem":[101],"List":[102],"system":[103,222],"composed":[104],"two":[106],"main":[107],"components:":[108],"a":[109,112,253,265,270,295],"background":[110,116],"foreground":[113,155],"application.":[114],"application":[117,156],"uses":[118],"Natural":[119],"Language":[120],"Processing":[121],"(NLP)":[122],"harvest":[124],"potential":[125,237],"entries":[128],"from":[129],"targeted":[134,187],"detected":[136],"multiple":[139],"free-text":[140],"documents":[142],"available":[143],"record.":[148],"These":[149],"proposed":[150,171],"drive":[153],"management":[159],"list.":[163,181],"Within":[164],"application,":[166],"extracted":[168],"physicians":[174],"addition":[176],"official":[179],"Results":[182],"set":[184],"project":[193,285],"covered":[194],"about":[195,212],"5%":[196],"all":[198,215],"possible":[199],"diagnoses":[200],"coded":[201,219],"ICD-9-CM":[203],"study":[206],"population":[207],"(cardiovascular":[208],"adult":[209],"inpatients),":[210],"but":[211],"64%":[213],"instances":[216],"these":[218,233],"diagnoses.":[220],"contains":[223],"algorithms":[224,251],"detect":[226],"first":[227],"document":[228],"sections,":[229,234,263],"then":[230],"sentences":[231],"within":[232,239],"finally":[236],"sentences.":[241,278],"initial":[243],"section":[247],"sentence":[249],"detection":[250],"demonstrated":[252],"sensitivity":[254,266],"positive":[256,271],"predictive":[257,272],"value":[258,273],"100%":[260],"when":[261,276],"detecting":[262,277],"89%":[268],"94%":[275],"Conclusion":[279],"global":[281],"aim":[282],"automate":[288],"process":[290],"creating":[292],"maintaining":[294],"hospitalized":[299],"patients":[300],"thereby":[302],"help":[303],"guarantee":[305],"timeliness,":[307],"accuracy":[308],"completeness":[310],"information.":[313]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}