{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1724588178","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6947-15-s1-s9","title":"Developing a hybrid dictionary-based bio-entity recognition technique","display_name":"Developing a hybrid dictionary-based bio-entity recognition technique","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-05-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1724588178","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6947-15-s1-s9","mag":"1724588178","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26043907"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/1472-6947-15-s1-s9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6947-15-s1-s9","pdf_url":"https://bmcmedinformdecismak.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1472-6947-15-S1-S9","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107516304","display_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","issn_l":"1472-6947","issn":["1472-6947"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://bmcmedinformdecismak.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1472-6947-15-S1-S9","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045749444","display_name":"Min Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3255-1600"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193775966","display_name":"Yonsei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Min Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Library and Information Science, Yonsei University, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Library and Information Science, Yonsei University, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110321280","display_name":"Hwanjo Yu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123900574","display_name":"Pohang University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04xysgw12","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123900574"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hwanjo Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, POSTECH, Pohang, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, POSTECH, Pohang, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123900574"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110969509","display_name":"Wook-Shin Han","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123900574","display_name":"Pohang University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04xysgw12","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123900574"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wook-Shin Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, POSTECH, Pohang, South Korea","Department of Creative IT Engineering, POSTECH, Pohang, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, POSTECH, Pohang, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123900574"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Creative IT Engineering, POSTECH, Pohang, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123900574"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5045749444"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"],"apc_list":{"value":1570,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1925},"apc_paid":{"value":1570,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1925},"fwci":1.5091,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":63,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81712322,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"S1","first_page":"S9","last_page":"S9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8906294107437134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/named-entity-recognition","display_name":"Named-entity recognition","score":0.7021129727363586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomedical-text-mining","display_name":"Biomedical text mining","score":0.551828920841217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5461654663085938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-extraction","display_name":"Information extraction","score":0.5403324365615845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precision-and-recall","display_name":"Precision and recall","score":0.5167166590690613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5128581523895264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.5017571449279785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recall-rate","display_name":"Recall rate","score":0.4165852665901184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recall","display_name":"Recall","score":0.41457730531692505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.4032859206199646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3596542477607727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3521478474140167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/text-mining","display_name":"Text mining","score":0.24729055166244507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.1604299545288086}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8906294107437134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779135771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q403574","display_name":"Named-entity recognition","level":3,"score":0.7021129727363586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165141518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4915126","display_name":"Biomedical text mining","level":3,"score":0.551828920841217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5461654663085938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195807954","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662562","display_name":"Information extraction","level":2,"score":0.5403324365615845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81669768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2359161","display_name":"Precision and recall","level":2,"score":0.5167166590690613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5128581523895264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.5017571449279785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987098735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3808900","display_name":"Recall rate","level":2,"score":0.4165852665901184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100660578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18733","display_name":"Recall","level":2,"score":0.41457730531692505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.4032859206199646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3596542477607727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3521478474140167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71472368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q676880","display_name":"Text mining","level":2,"score":0.24729055166244507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.1604299545288086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D008490","descriptor_name":"Medical Informatics","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008490","descriptor_name":"Medical Informatics","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008490","descriptor_name":"Medical Informatics","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018875","descriptor_name":"Vocabulary, Controlled","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018875","descriptor_name":"Vocabulary, Controlled","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018875","descriptor_name":"Vocabulary, Controlled","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D057225","descriptor_name":"Data Mining","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D057225","descriptor_name":"Data Mining","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D057225","descriptor_name":"Data Mining","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/1472-6947-15-s1-s9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6947-15-s1-s9","pdf_url":"https://bmcmedinformdecismak.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1472-6947-15-S1-S9","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107516304","display_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","issn_l":"1472-6947","issn":["1472-6947"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:26043907","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26043907","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC medical informatics and decision making","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:3442825","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4460617","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:oasis.postech.ac.kr:2014.oak/26690","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://oasis.postech.ac.kr/handle/2014.oak/26690","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401965","display_name":"Open Access System for Information Sharing (Pohang University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I123900574","host_organization_name":"Pohang University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123900574"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/1472-6947-15-s1-s9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6947-15-s1-s9","pdf_url":"https://bmcmedinformdecismak.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1472-6947-15-S1-S9","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107516304","display_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","issn_l":"1472-6947","issn":["1472-6947"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7799999713897705,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1274167916","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF-2014","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1798249494","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2014R1A2A2A","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2024907198","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2013M3A9C4078138","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322030","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3034753964","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"grant","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G342704958","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"funded","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3942910960","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"(NRF) grant","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G626505518","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"No. 201","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6515366409","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2013M3A","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6742738205","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NIPA-2013-H0203-13-1001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322030","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8080689565","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF-2014R1A","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G822302601","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NIPA-2013-H0203-13-1001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322065","funder_display_name":"National IT Industry Promotion Agency"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8408793944","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2013M3A9C4078138","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G982292920","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF-20","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","display_name":"National Research Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05s0g1g46"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322030","display_name":"Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning","ror":"https://ror.org/032e49973"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322065","display_name":"National IT Industry Promotion Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/026v53e29"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1724588178.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1724588178.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1482328859","https://openalex.org/W1592053870","https://openalex.org/W1970351430","https://openalex.org/W1981797826","https://openalex.org/W1988791574","https://openalex.org/W2008085355","https://openalex.org/W2012285872","https://openalex.org/W2021331223","https://openalex.org/W2023736097","https://openalex.org/W2047782770","https://openalex.org/W2063753566","https://openalex.org/W2096146054","https://openalex.org/W2101553882","https://openalex.org/W2105892820","https://openalex.org/W2109070394","https://openalex.org/W2113304683","https://openalex.org/W2114361266","https://openalex.org/W2117243442","https://openalex.org/W2134769633","https://openalex.org/W2134826720","https://openalex.org/W2148488766","https://openalex.org/W2150722176","https://openalex.org/W2171646645","https://openalex.org/W2528566152","https://openalex.org/W2786972369","https://openalex.org/W2915933368"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2548624545","https://openalex.org/W2916255597","https://openalex.org/W2017675085","https://openalex.org/W3091569222","https://openalex.org/W2964631078","https://openalex.org/W2075635421","https://openalex.org/W4288094423","https://openalex.org/W2134429551","https://openalex.org/W4379379356","https://openalex.org/W2362196274"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"results":[1],"imply":[2],"that":[3],"the":[4,19,23,37],"performance":[5,29,43],"of":[6],"dictionary-based":[7],"extraction":[8],"techniques":[9],"is":[10],"largely":[11],"influenced":[12],"by":[13],"information":[14],"resources":[15],"used":[16],"to":[17],"build":[18],"dictionary.":[20],"In":[21],"addition,":[22],"edit":[24],"distance":[25],"algorithm":[26],"shows":[27],"steady":[28],"with":[30,44],"three":[31,45],"different":[32],"dictionaries":[33,47],"in":[34,48],"precision":[35],"whereas":[36],"context-only":[38],"technique":[39],"achieves":[40],"a":[41],"high-end":[42],"difference":[46],"recall.":[49]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}