{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2116093010","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6947-13-s1-s1","title":"Recognizing clinical entities in hospital discharge summaries using Structural Support Vector Machines with word representation features","display_name":"Recognizing clinical entities in hospital discharge summaries using Structural Support Vector Machines with word representation features","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2116093010","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6947-13-s1-s1","mag":"2116093010","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23566040"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/1472-6947-13-s1-s1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6947-13-s1-s1","pdf_url":"https://bmcmedinformdecismak.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1472-6947-13-S1-S1","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107516304","display_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","issn_l":"1472-6947","issn":["1472-6947"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://bmcmedinformdecismak.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1472-6947-13-S1-S1","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014238603","display_name":"Buzhou Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0271-8246"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I919571938","display_name":"The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/03gds6c39","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I919571938"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Buzhou Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA","Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China","School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I919571938"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I919571938"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100526958","display_name":"Hongxin Cao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6277-0762"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177933477","display_name":"Second Military Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tavpn47","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177933477"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongxin Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Second Military Medical University Shanghai, China","Second Military medical University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Second Military Medical University Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177933477"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Second Military medical University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177933477"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010253402","display_name":"Yonghui Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6780-6135"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I919571938","display_name":"The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/03gds6c39","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I919571938"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yonghui Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA","School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I919571938"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I919571938"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055848133","display_name":"Min Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1407-0961"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I919571938","display_name":"The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/03gds6c39","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I919571938"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Min Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA","School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I919571938"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I919571938"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084072550","display_name":"Hua Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5274-4672"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I919571938","display_name":"The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/03gds6c39","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I919571938"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hua Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA","School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I919571938"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I919571938"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5014238603"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213","https://openalex.org/I919571938"],"apc_list":{"value":1570,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1925},"apc_paid":{"value":1570,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1925},"fwci":17.9332,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":128,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99189777,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"S1","first_page":"S1","last_page":"S1"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9898999929428101,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conditional-random-field","display_name":"Conditional random field","score":0.8284310102462769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crfs","display_name":"CRFS","score":0.8148274421691895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8123893141746521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/named-entity-recognition","display_name":"Named-entity recognition","score":0.8098447322845459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7931612133979797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.6777564883232117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.672295331954956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomedical-text-mining","display_name":"Biomedical text mining","score":0.5043123960494995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.48545628786087036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.48168572783470154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4697803556919098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.4559614360332489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-engineering","display_name":"Feature engineering","score":0.4112972021102905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4015757441520691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.39288991689682007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/text-mining","display_name":"Text mining","score":0.27341824769973755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.251899778842926}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152565575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1124538","display_name":"Conditional random field","level":2,"score":0.8284310102462769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775953691","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5013874","display_name":"CRFS","level":3,"score":0.8148274421691895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8123893141746521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779135771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q403574","display_name":"Named-entity recognition","level":3,"score":0.8098447322845459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7931612133979797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.6777564883232117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.672295331954956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165141518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4915126","display_name":"Biomedical text mining","level":3,"score":0.5043123960494995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.48545628786087036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.48168572783470154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4697803556919098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.4559614360332489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778827112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22245680","display_name":"Feature engineering","level":3,"score":0.4112972021102905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4015757441520691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.39288991689682007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71472368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q676880","display_name":"Text mining","level":2,"score":0.27341824769973755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.251899778842926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008390","descriptor_name":"Markov Chains","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008390","descriptor_name":"Markov Chains","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008390","descriptor_name":"Markov Chains","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009323","descriptor_name":"Natural Language Processing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009323","descriptor_name":"Natural Language Processing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009323","descriptor_name":"Natural Language Processing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010351","descriptor_name":"Patient Discharge","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010351","descriptor_name":"Patient Discharge","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010351","descriptor_name":"Patient Discharge","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010351","descriptor_name":"Patient Discharge","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010351","descriptor_name":"Patient Discharge","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010351","descriptor_name":"Patient Discharge","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010363","descriptor_name":"Pattern Recognition, Automated","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010363","descriptor_name":"Pattern Recognition, Automated","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010363","descriptor_name":"Pattern Recognition, Automated","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010414","descriptor_name":"Pennsylvania","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010414","descriptor_name":"Pennsylvania","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010414","descriptor_name":"Pennsylvania","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012660","descriptor_name":"Semantics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012660","descriptor_name":"Semantics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012660","descriptor_name":"Semantics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016000","descriptor_name":"Cluster Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016000","descriptor_name":"Cluster Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016000","descriptor_name":"Cluster Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016347","descriptor_name":"Medical Records Systems, Computerized","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016347","descriptor_name":"Medical Records Systems, Computerized","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016347","descriptor_name":"Medical Records Systems, Computerized","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019091","descriptor_name":"Critical Pathways","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019091","descriptor_name":"Critical Pathways","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019091","descriptor_name":"Critical Pathways","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/1472-6947-13-s1-s1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6947-13-s1-s1","pdf_url":"https://bmcmedinformdecismak.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1472-6947-13-S1-S1","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107516304","display_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","issn_l":"1472-6947","issn":["1472-6947"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:23566040","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23566040","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC medical informatics and decision making","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:2619870","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3618243","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:3618243","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3618243","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BMC Med Inform Decis Mak","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/1472-6947-13-s1-s1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6947-13-s1-s1","pdf_url":"https://bmcmedinformdecismak.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1472-6947-13-S1-S1","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107516304","display_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","issn_l":"1472-6947","issn":["1472-6947"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8299999833106995,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","display_name":"National Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2116093010.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2116093010.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W38597370","https://openalex.org/W55204438","https://openalex.org/W130850236","https://openalex.org/W1425787433","https://openalex.org/W1504212872","https://openalex.org/W1522668200","https://openalex.org/W1602694398","https://openalex.org/W1834104634","https://openalex.org/W1981617416","https://openalex.org/W1988995507","https://openalex.org/W2008830554","https://openalex.org/W2027233318","https://openalex.org/W2031248101","https://openalex.org/W2040909025","https://openalex.org/W2046844528","https://openalex.org/W2051840895","https://openalex.org/W2061848042","https://openalex.org/W2104091251","https://openalex.org/W2104381725","https://openalex.org/W2105842272","https://openalex.org/W2107435951","https://openalex.org/W2107934484","https://openalex.org/W2111437636","https://openalex.org/W2112670696","https://openalex.org/W2114039834","https://openalex.org/W2114388055","https://openalex.org/W2114668172","https://openalex.org/W2121227244","https://openalex.org/W2121740558","https://openalex.org/W2122402213","https://openalex.org/W2125260686","https://openalex.org/W2128279348","https://openalex.org/W2129625650","https://openalex.org/W2146089916","https://openalex.org/W2158139315","https://openalex.org/W2168041406","https://openalex.org/W2288093748","https://openalex.org/W2599152927","https://openalex.org/W2733628661","https://openalex.org/W2912915691","https://openalex.org/W2914503253","https://openalex.org/W4252684946"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1964783010","https://openalex.org/W2399696375","https://openalex.org/W2061834489","https://openalex.org/W3088215229","https://openalex.org/W182104056","https://openalex.org/W45206245","https://openalex.org/W189110383","https://openalex.org/W4250494529","https://openalex.org/W2027233318","https://openalex.org/W2937192905"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Using":[0],"the":[1,14,20,28,51,79,84],"same":[2,36],"training":[3],"(N":[4,9],"=":[5,10],"27,837)":[6],"and":[7,47,102],"test":[8],"45,009)":[11],"sets":[12],"in":[13,83],"challenge,":[15],"our":[16,69],"evaluation":[17],"showed":[18],"that":[19,91],"SSVMs-based":[21],"NER":[22,55,114],"systems":[23,30],"achieved":[24,71],"better":[25],"performance":[26,52],"than":[27],"CRFs-based":[29],"for":[31,98],"clinical":[32,99,113],"entity":[33],"recognition,":[34],"when":[35],"features":[37,45,65,109],"were":[38],"used.":[39],"Both":[40],"types":[41,61,104],"of":[42,53,62,75,105],"word":[43,63,107],"representation":[44,64,108],"(clustering-based":[46],"distributional":[48],"representations)":[49],"improved":[50],"ML-based":[54],"systems.":[56],"By":[57],"combining":[58],"two":[59],"different":[60],"together":[66],"with":[67],"SSVMs,":[68],"system":[70,81],"a":[72,94],"highest":[73],"F-measure":[74],"85.82%,":[76],"which":[77],"outperformed":[78],"best":[80],"reported":[82],"challenge":[85],"by":[86],"0.6%.":[87],"Our":[88],"results":[89],"show":[90],"SSVMs":[92],"is":[93],"great":[95],"potential":[96],"algorithm":[97],"NLP":[100],"research,":[101],"both":[103],"unsupervised":[106],"are":[110],"beneficial":[111],"to":[112],"tasks.":[115]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-28T08:17:26.163206","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}