{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1970250140","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6947-13-30","title":"Improving sensitivity of machine learning methods for automated case identification from free-text electronic medical records","display_name":"Improving sensitivity of machine learning methods for automated case identification from free-text electronic medical records","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-03-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1970250140","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6947-13-30","mag":"1970250140","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23452306"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/1472-6947-13-30","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6947-13-30","pdf_url":"https://bmcmedinformdecismak.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1472-6947-13-30","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107516304","display_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","issn_l":"1472-6947","issn":["1472-6947"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://bmcmedinformdecismak.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1472-6947-13-30","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048053757","display_name":"Zubair Afzal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7812-2399"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801952686","display_name":"Erasmus MC","ror":"https://ror.org/018906e22","country_code":"NL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801952686"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I913958620","display_name":"Erasmus University Rotterdam","ror":"https://ror.org/057w15z03","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I913958620"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zubair Afzal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus Medical Center, P,O, Box 2040, Rotterdam 3000CA, Netherlands. m.afzal@erasmusmc.nl","Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus Medical Center, P,O, Box 2040, Rotterdam 3000CA, Netherlands. m.afzal@erasmusmc.nl","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801952686","https://openalex.org/I913958620"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801952686"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077586396","display_name":"Martijn J. Schuemie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0817-5361"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801952686","display_name":"Erasmus MC","ror":"https://ror.org/018906e22","country_code":"NL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801952686"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martijn J Schuemie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, Rotterdam, 3000CA, The Netherlands","Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, Rotterdam, 3000CA, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801952686"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801952686"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051274365","display_name":"Jan C. van Blijderveen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801952686","display_name":"Erasmus MC","ror":"https://ror.org/018906e22","country_code":"NL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801952686"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jan C van Blijderveen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, Rotterdam, 3000CA, The Netherlands","Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, Rotterdam, 3000CA, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801952686"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801952686"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106072915","display_name":"Eyl\u00fcl \u00d6yk\u00fc \u015een","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0267-9287"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801952686","display_name":"Erasmus MC","ror":"https://ror.org/018906e22","country_code":"NL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801952686"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elif F Sen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, Rotterdam, 3000CA, The Netherlands","Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, Rotterdam, 3000CA, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801952686"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801952686"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011711127","display_name":"Miriam Sturkenboom","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1360-2388"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801952686","display_name":"Erasmus MC","ror":"https://ror.org/018906e22","country_code":"NL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801952686"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Miriam CJM Sturkenboom","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, Rotterdam, 3000CA, The Netherlands","Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, Rotterdam, 3000CA, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801952686"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801952686"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005077862","display_name":"Jan A. Kors","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4929-026X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801952686","display_name":"Erasmus MC","ror":"https://ror.org/018906e22","country_code":"NL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801952686"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jan A Kors","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, Rotterdam, 3000CA, The Netherlands","Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, Rotterdam, 3000CA, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801952686"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801952686"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5048053757"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801952686","https://openalex.org/I913958620"],"apc_list":{"value":1570,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1925},"apc_paid":{"value":1570,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1925},"fwci":2.4718,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":54,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89843327,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"1","first_page":"30","last_page":"30"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11652","display_name":"Imbalanced Data Classification Techniques","score":0.3668999969959259,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11652","display_name":"Imbalanced Data Classification Techniques","score":0.3668999969959259,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13702","display_name":"Machine Learning in Healthcare","score":0.2215999960899353,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11396","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare","score":0.08579999953508377,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7240777611732483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.675853967666626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.6372172832489014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-record","display_name":"Medical record","score":0.596568763256073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.5136651396751404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensitivity","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","score":0.5090507864952087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.5056710243225098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-informatics","display_name":"Health informatics","score":0.41658663749694824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.4145657420158386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.25917327404022217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine","display_name":"Internal medicine","score":0.1046132743358612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-health","display_name":"Public health","score":0.08597052097320557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pathology","display_name":"Pathology","score":0.08243489265441895}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7240777611732483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.675853967666626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.6372172832489014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195910791","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324077","display_name":"Medical record","level":2,"score":0.596568763256073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5136651396751404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.5090507864952087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.5056710243225098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145642194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q870895","display_name":"Health informatics","level":3,"score":0.41658663749694824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4145657420158386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.25917327404022217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.1046132743358612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.08597052097320557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.08243489265441895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001660","descriptor_name":"Biliary Tract Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001660","descriptor_name":"Biliary Tract Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001660","descriptor_name":"Biliary Tract Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003625","descriptor_name":"Data Collection","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003625","descriptor_name":"Data Collection","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003625","descriptor_name":"Data Collection","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008107","descriptor_name":"Liver Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008107","descriptor_name":"Liver Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008107","descriptor_name":"Liver Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D057286","descriptor_name":"Electronic Health Records","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D057286","descriptor_name":"Electronic Health Records","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D057286","descriptor_name":"Electronic Health Records","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D058186","descriptor_name":"Acute Kidney Injury","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058186","descriptor_name":"Acute Kidney Injury","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058186","descriptor_name":"Acute Kidney Injury","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/1472-6947-13-30","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6947-13-30","pdf_url":"https://bmcmedinformdecismak.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1472-6947-13-30","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107516304","display_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","issn_l":"1472-6947","issn":["1472-6947"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:23452306","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23452306","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC medical informatics and decision making","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.eur.nl:publications/74a9ee73-f777-42d6-a923-92bb8cedd433","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pure.eur.nl/en/publications/74a9ee73-f777-42d6-a923-92bb8cedd433","pdf_url":"https://pure.eur.nl/ws/files/47539144/Repub_62123_O-A.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401266","display_name":"EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I913958620","host_organization_name":"Erasmus University Rotterdam","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I913958620"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Afzal, M, Schuemie, M, Blijderveen, N, Sen, F, Sturkenboom, MCJM & Kors, J 2013, 'Improving sensitivity of machine learning methods for automated case identification from free-text electronic medical records', BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making, vol. 13. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6947-13-30","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:eur:oai:repub.eur.nl:62123","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1765/62123","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401843","display_name":"Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1322597698","host_organization_name":"Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322597698"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"B M C Medical Informatics and Decision Making, 13(1)","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:2600977","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3602667","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repub.eur.nl:62123","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://repub.eur.nl/pub/62123","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400997","display_name":"RePub (Erasmus University, Rotterdam)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I913958620","host_organization_name":"Erasmus University Rotterdam","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I913958620"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"B M C Medical Informatics and Decision Making vol. 13 no. 1","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/1472-6947-13-30","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6947-13-30","pdf_url":"https://bmcmedinformdecismak.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1472-6947-13-30","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107516304","display_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","issn_l":"1472-6947","issn":["1472-6947"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.699999988079071,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321007","display_name":"ZonMw","ror":"https://ror.org/01yaj9a77"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1970250140.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1970250140.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":69,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W28670821","https://openalex.org/W58804258","https://openalex.org/W70606898","https://openalex.org/W145450961","https://openalex.org/W271409215","https://openalex.org/W1486487250","https://openalex.org/W1536985005","https://openalex.org/W1551909886","https://openalex.org/W1581371422","https://openalex.org/W1670263352","https://openalex.org/W1766594731","https://openalex.org/W1839136742","https://openalex.org/W1941659294","https://openalex.org/W1964625659","https://openalex.org/W1984910136","https://openalex.org/W1999882329","https://openalex.org/W2002830978","https://openalex.org/W2007666495","https://openalex.org/W2009202077","https://openalex.org/W2017153406","https://openalex.org/W2035055162","https://openalex.org/W2051743300","https://openalex.org/W2053154970","https://openalex.org/W2058732827","https://openalex.org/W2070619727","https://openalex.org/W2079491969","https://openalex.org/W2082269898","https://openalex.org/W2089367555","https://openalex.org/W2095870333","https://openalex.org/W2100676408","https://openalex.org/W2101754595","https://openalex.org/W2103614420","https://openalex.org/W2108844216","https://openalex.org/W2109293916","https://openalex.org/W2109943925","https://openalex.org/W2110866393","https://openalex.org/W2114388055","https://openalex.org/W2114968414","https://openalex.org/W2118978333","https://openalex.org/W2119168155","https://openalex.org/W2119191234","https://openalex.org/W2120040939","https://openalex.org/W2120539430","https://openalex.org/W2120986959","https://openalex.org/W2122129723","https://openalex.org/W2122676398","https://openalex.org/W2125055259","https://openalex.org/W2130030704","https://openalex.org/W2133928392","https://openalex.org/W2133990480","https://openalex.org/W2135493362","https://openalex.org/W2136903812","https://openalex.org/W2137241642","https://openalex.org/W2139865360","https://openalex.org/W2148143831","https://openalex.org/W2149706766","https://openalex.org/W2153635508","https://openalex.org/W2158823144","https://openalex.org/W2159699146","https://openalex.org/W2163667253","https://openalex.org/W2164474247","https://openalex.org/W2171629518","https://openalex.org/W2228821715","https://openalex.org/W2913376378","https://openalex.org/W2914409709","https://openalex.org/W2993820083","https://openalex.org/W4232557450","https://openalex.org/W4247660582","https://openalex.org/W7053126446"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2961085424","https://openalex.org/W4306674287","https://openalex.org/W4224009465","https://openalex.org/W4286629047","https://openalex.org/W4306321456","https://openalex.org/W4285260836","https://openalex.org/W3046775127","https://openalex.org/W3170094116","https://openalex.org/W4205958290","https://openalex.org/W2556319748"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Distinguishing":[1],"cases":[2,86,89],"from":[3,142],"non-cases":[4],"in":[5,15],"free-text":[6],"electronic":[7,192],"medical":[8,193],"records":[9],"is":[10,23],"an":[11,33],"important":[12],"initial":[13],"step":[14],"observational":[16],"epidemiological":[17],"studies,":[18],"but":[19],"manual":[20,43,120,213],"record":[21,214],"validation":[22],"time-consuming":[24],"and":[25,87,92,95],"cumbersome.":[26],"We":[27,46,173],"compared":[28,123],"different":[29,49],"approaches":[30],"to":[31,41,52,124,144,176,207],"develop":[32],"automatic":[34,184],"case":[35,54,185,198],"identification":[36,55,186,199],"system":[37,200],"with":[38,99,119,130,146,167,180],"high":[39,112,178],"sensitivity":[40,75,113,140,179],"assist":[42],"annotators.":[44],"METHODS:":[45],"used":[47,203],"four":[48],"machine-learning":[50,154],"algorithms":[51,155],"build":[53],"systems":[56],"for":[57,126,183],"two":[58,188],"data":[59,107,138,165,189],"sets,":[60],"one":[61],"comprising":[62],"hepatobiliary":[63,106],"disease":[64],"patients,":[65],"the":[66,74,77,81,105,134,152,210],"other":[67],"acute":[68,135],"renal":[69,136],"failure":[70,137],"patients.":[71],"To":[72],"improve":[73],"of":[76,114,191,212],"systems,":[78],"we":[79,109],"varied":[80],"imbalance":[82,168],"ratio":[83,169],"between":[84,151],"positive":[85],"negative":[88],"using":[90],"under-":[91],"over-sampling":[93],"techniques,":[94],"applied":[96],"cost-sensitive":[97],"learning":[98],"various":[100,153],"misclassification":[101],"costs.":[102],"RESULTS:":[103],"For":[104,133],"set,":[108,139],"obtained":[110],"a":[111,117,127,196,205],"0.95":[115],"(on":[116],"par":[118],"annotators,":[121],"as":[122,204],"0.91":[125],"baseline":[128],"classifier)":[129],"specificity":[131,147,182],"0.56.":[132],"increased":[141],"0.69":[143],"0.89,":[145],"0.59.":[148],"Performance":[149],"differences":[150],"were":[156,174],"not":[157],"large.":[158],"Classifiers":[159],"performed":[160],"best":[161],"when":[162],"trained":[163],"on":[164,187],"sets":[166,190],"below":[170],"10.":[171],"CONCLUSIONS:":[172],"able":[175],"achieve":[177],"moderate":[181],"records.":[194],"Such":[195],"high-sensitive":[197],"can":[201],"be":[202],"pre-filter":[206],"significantly":[208],"reduce":[209],"burden":[211],"validation.":[215]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-19T15:47:20.252518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}