{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2172501726","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-7-s4-s6","title":"Maximum common subgraph: some upper bound and lower bound results","display_name":"Maximum common subgraph: some upper bound and lower bound results","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2172501726","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-7-s4-s6","mag":"2172501726","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17217524"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/1471-2105-7-s4-s6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-7-s4-s6","pdf_url":"https://bmcbioinformatics.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1471-2105-7-S4-S6","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S19032547","display_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1471-2105","issn":["1471-2105"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://bmcbioinformatics.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1471-2105-7-S4-S6","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021456840","display_name":"Xiuzhen Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0498-3131"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125956826","display_name":"Arkansas State University","ror":"https://ror.org/006pyvd89","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125956826"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiuzhen Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Arkansas State University, State University, Arkansas 72467, USA. xzhuang@csm.astate.edu","Department of Computer Science, Arkansas State University, State University, Arkansas, 72467, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Arkansas State University, State University, Arkansas 72467, USA. xzhuang@csm.astate.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125956826"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Arkansas State University, State University, Arkansas, 72467, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125956826"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111986533","display_name":"Jing Lai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102401767","display_name":"University of Arkansas at Little Rock","ror":"https://ror.org/04fttyv97","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102401767"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jing Lai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Applied Science, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Little Rock, Arkansas, 72204, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Science, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Little Rock, Arkansas, 72204, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102401767"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049165980","display_name":"Steven Jennings","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102401767","display_name":"University of Arkansas at Little Rock","ror":"https://ror.org/04fttyv97","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102401767"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Steven F Jennings","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Science, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Little Rock, Arkansas, 72204, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Science, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Little Rock, Arkansas, 72204, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102401767"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5021456840"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125956826"],"apc_list":{"value":1690,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":2072},"apc_paid":{"value":1690,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":2072},"fwci":1.2273,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":30,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78037312,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"S4","first_page":"S6","last_page":"S6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10222","display_name":"Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics","score":0.299699991941452,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10222","display_name":"Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics","score":0.299699991941452,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12292","display_name":"Graph Theory and Algorithms","score":0.2574000060558319,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13664","display_name":"Genome Rearrangement Algorithms","score":0.14090000092983246,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parameterized-complexity","display_name":"Parameterized complexity","score":0.7533844709396362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/induced-subgraph-isomorphism-problem","display_name":"Induced subgraph isomorphism problem","score":0.7137486934661865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upper-and-lower-bounds","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","score":0.6975545883178711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subgraph-isomorphism-problem","display_name":"Subgraph isomorphism problem","score":0.5313867926597595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.5113158226013184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.5041695833206177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/induced-subgraph","display_name":"Induced subgraph","score":0.5034734606742859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.49270012974739075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clique","display_name":"Clique","score":0.4388805627822876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.4347628951072693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.4085127115249634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3737753927707672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.35094648599624634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.32490548491477966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vertex","display_name":"Vertex (graph theory)","score":0.13264262676239014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/line-graph","display_name":"Line graph","score":0.1200181245803833}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165464430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1570441","display_name":"Parameterized complexity","level":2,"score":0.7533844709396362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191241153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6027240","display_name":"Induced subgraph isomorphism problem","level":5,"score":0.7137486934661865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77553402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13222579","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","level":2,"score":0.6975545883178711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131992880","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2528185","display_name":"Subgraph isomorphism problem","level":3,"score":0.5313867926597595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.5113158226013184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.5041695833206177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778012994","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24743362","display_name":"Induced subgraph","level":4,"score":0.5034734606742859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.49270012974739075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777035058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662634","display_name":"Clique","level":2,"score":0.4388805627822876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.4347628951072693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4085127115249634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3737753927707672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.35094648599624634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.32490548491477966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80899671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1304193","display_name":"Vertex (graph theory)","level":3,"score":0.13264262676239014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203776342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1378376","display_name":"Line graph","level":3,"score":0.1200181245803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22149727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7940747","display_name":"Voltage graph","level":4,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001704","descriptor_name":"Biopolymers","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001704","descriptor_name":"Biopolymers","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001704","descriptor_name":"Biopolymers","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001704","descriptor_name":"Biopolymers","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008956","descriptor_name":"Models, Chemical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008956","descriptor_name":"Models, Chemical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008956","descriptor_name":"Models, Chemical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008956","descriptor_name":"Models, Chemical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008958","descriptor_name":"Models, Molecular","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008958","descriptor_name":"Models, Molecular","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008958","descriptor_name":"Models, Molecular","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008958","descriptor_name":"Models, Molecular","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016415","descriptor_name":"Sequence Alignment","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016415","descriptor_name":"Sequence Alignment","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016415","descriptor_name":"Sequence Alignment","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016415","descriptor_name":"Sequence Alignment","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017421","descriptor_name":"Sequence Analysis","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017421","descriptor_name":"Sequence Analysis","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017421","descriptor_name":"Sequence Analysis","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017421","descriptor_name":"Sequence Analysis","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/1471-2105-7-s4-s6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-7-s4-s6","pdf_url":"https://bmcbioinformatics.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1471-2105-7-S4-S6","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S19032547","display_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1471-2105","issn":["1471-2105"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:17217524","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17217524","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC bioinformatics","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:da694f1517fc40d08df814d2abb0a0f2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/da694f1517fc40d08df814d2abb0a0f2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BMC Bioinformatics, Vol 7, Iss Suppl 4, p S6 (2006)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:1780128","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1780128","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/1471-2105-7-s4-s6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-7-s4-s6","pdf_url":"https://bmcbioinformatics.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1471-2105-7-S4-S6","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S19032547","display_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1471-2105","issn":["1471-2105"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5548406835","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"P20 RR-16460","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7231000722","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"P20 RR-16460","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337375","funder_display_name":"National Center for Research Resources"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8415158154","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"P20 RR016460","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337375","funder_display_name":"National Center for Research Resources"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337375","display_name":"National Center for Research Resources","ror":"https://ror.org/04pw6fb54"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2172501726.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2172501726.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1504064513","https://openalex.org/W1519147138","https://openalex.org/W1525605957","https://openalex.org/W1529279241","https://openalex.org/W1538689496","https://openalex.org/W1569638820","https://openalex.org/W1605991832","https://openalex.org/W1822105579","https://openalex.org/W1964502706","https://openalex.org/W1964541472","https://openalex.org/W1987681136","https://openalex.org/W1999591020","https://openalex.org/W2003787247","https://openalex.org/W2007979101","https://openalex.org/W2010260400","https://openalex.org/W2011039300","https://openalex.org/W2011495938","https://openalex.org/W2026771935","https://openalex.org/W2037968786","https://openalex.org/W2043997666","https://openalex.org/W2047386086","https://openalex.org/W2048685245","https://openalex.org/W2059886402","https://openalex.org/W2065117679","https://openalex.org/W2103626206","https://openalex.org/W2106441870","https://openalex.org/W2115667895","https://openalex.org/W2119582939","https://openalex.org/W2137560895","https://openalex.org/W2144452581","https://openalex.org/W2149429041","https://openalex.org/W2160672912","https://openalex.org/W2165107146","https://openalex.org/W2170630811","https://openalex.org/W2172085375","https://openalex.org/W2177603603","https://openalex.org/W2286486211","https://openalex.org/W2486715098","https://openalex.org/W2561204842","https://openalex.org/W2913688336","https://openalex.org/W3145128584","https://openalex.org/W4246219036","https://openalex.org/W4246356731","https://openalex.org/W4250052351","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4292230561"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3008959778","https://openalex.org/W2789636091","https://openalex.org/W1665311938","https://openalex.org/W176100319","https://openalex.org/W2288163449","https://openalex.org/W2032950096","https://openalex.org/W1533352539","https://openalex.org/W2076040942","https://openalex.org/W4381707488","https://openalex.org/W2031967239"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Structure":[1],"matching":[2],"plays":[3],"an":[4,171],"important":[5],"part":[6],"in":[7,17,67,121,167,179],"understanding":[8],"the":[9,40,45,50,68,80,84,94,101,122,126,131,135,161,176,200],"functional":[10],"role":[11],"of":[12,27,36,44,55,59,70,83,89,116,125,190,196],"biological":[13],"structures.":[14,38],"Bioinformatics":[15],"assists":[16],"this":[18,22,109,168,180,197],"effort":[19],"by":[20,203],"reformulating":[21],"process":[23],"into":[24],"a":[25,29,75,118,147],"problem":[26,165,198],"finding":[28,117],"maximum":[30,46,51,85,119,162],"common":[31,47,52,86,163],"subgraph":[32,48,54,88,164],"between":[33],"graphical":[34],"representations":[35],"these":[37],"Among":[39],"many":[41,155],"different":[42,194],"variants":[43,195],"problem,":[49,110],"induced":[53,87],"two":[56,90,127],"graphs":[57,91],"is":[58,93,140,146],"special":[60],"interest.":[61],"RESULTS:":[62],"Based":[63],"on":[64,187],"current":[65],"research":[66,183],"area":[69],"parameterized":[71],"computation,":[72],"we":[73,99],"derive":[74],"new":[76],"lower":[77,137],"bound":[78,103,133,138],"for":[79,107,153,193],"exact":[81],"algorithms":[82],"which":[92],"best":[95],"currently":[96],"known.":[97],"Then":[98],"investigate":[100],"upper":[102,132],"and":[104,175],"design":[105],"techniques":[106],"approaching":[108],"specifically,":[111],"reducing":[112],"it":[113],"to":[114],"one":[115],"clique":[120],"product":[123],"graph":[124],"given":[128],"graphs.":[129],"Considering":[130],"result,":[134],"derived":[136],"result":[139,174],"asymptotically":[141],"tight.":[142],"CONCLUSION:":[143],"Parameterized":[144],"computation":[145],"viable":[148],"approach":[149],"with":[150],"great":[151],"potential":[152],"investigating":[154],"applications":[156],"within":[157,199],"bioinformatics,":[158],"such":[159],"as":[160],"studied":[166],"paper.":[169],"With":[170],"improved":[172],"hardness":[173],"proposed":[177],"approaches":[178,192],"paper,":[181],"future":[182],"can":[184],"be":[185],"focused":[186],"further":[188],"exploration":[189],"efficient":[191],"constraints":[201],"imposed":[202],"real":[204],"applications.":[205]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-24T13:16:06.693445","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}