{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1668115650","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-7-386","title":"Hierarchical modularity of nested bow-ties in metabolic networks","display_name":"Hierarchical modularity of nested bow-ties in metabolic networks","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-08-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1668115650","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-7-386","mag":"1668115650","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16916470"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/1471-2105-7-386","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-7-386","pdf_url":"https://bmcbioinformatics.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1471-2105-7-386","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S19032547","display_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1471-2105","issn":["1471-2105"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://bmcbioinformatics.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1471-2105-7-386","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009960665","display_name":"Jing Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2439-2876"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jing Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Life Sciences & Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China. zjane_cn@sjtu.edu.cn","School of Life Sciences & Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Life Sciences & Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China. zjane_cn@sjtu.edu.cn","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Life Sciences & Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034667645","display_name":"Hong Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1748-8693"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162648","display_name":"Shanghai Center For Bioinformation Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04nyf1f54","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162648"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hong Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Center for Bioinformation and Technology, Shanghai, 200235, China","Shanghai Center for Bioinformation and Technology, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Center for Bioinformation and Technology, Shanghai, 200235, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162648"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Center for Bioinformation and Technology, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162648"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100816862","display_name":"Jian Hua Luo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jian-Hua Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Life Sciences & Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China","School of Life Sciences & Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Life Sciences & Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Life Sciences & Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111554039","display_name":"Zhi Wei Cao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162648","display_name":"Shanghai Center For Bioinformation Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04nyf1f54","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162648"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhi-Wei Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Center for Bioinformation and Technology, Shanghai, 200235, China","Shanghai Center for Bioinformation and Technology, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Center for Bioinformation and Technology, Shanghai, 200235, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162648"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Center for Bioinformation and Technology, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162648"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111625491","display_name":"Yi Xue Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106477","display_name":"Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/011rf9d86","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210106477"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162648","display_name":"Shanghai Center For Bioinformation Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04nyf1f54","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162648"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yi-Xue Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Life Sciences & Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China","Shanghai Center for Bioinformation and Technology, Shanghai, 200235, China","Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China","Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China","School of Life Sciences & Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Life Sciences & Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Center for Bioinformation and Technology, Shanghai, 200235, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162648"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106477","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106477","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Life Sciences & Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111554039","https://openalex.org/A5111625491"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930","https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210106477","https://openalex.org/I4210162648"],"apc_list":{"value":1690,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":2072},"apc_paid":{"value":1690,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":2072},"fwci":4.052,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":133,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94174805,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"1","first_page":"386","last_page":"386"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10932","display_name":"Microbial Metabolic Engineering and Bioproduction","score":0.8532000184059143,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10932","display_name":"Microbial Metabolic Engineering and Bioproduction","score":0.8532000184059143,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10887","display_name":"Bioinformatics and Genomic Networks","score":0.03449999913573265,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12643","display_name":"Sustainability and Ecological Systems Analysis","score":0.01899999938905239,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metabolic-network","display_name":"Metabolic network","score":0.7823813557624817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modularity","display_name":"Modularity (biology)","score":0.7602782249450684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bow-tie","display_name":"Bow tie","score":0.6933415532112122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5684235095977783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-biology","display_name":"Computational biology","score":0.4891984462738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.41636785864830017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.3929811418056488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3414096534252167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetics","display_name":"Genetics","score":0.1745859980583191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1543913185596466}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101810790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2263094","display_name":"Metabolic network","level":2,"score":0.7823813557624817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779478453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6889748","display_name":"Modularity (biology)","level":2,"score":0.7602782249450684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777652565","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4950686","display_name":"Bow tie","level":3,"score":0.6933415532112122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5684235095977783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70721500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177005","display_name":"Computational biology","level":1,"score":0.4891984462738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.41636785864830017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.3929811418056488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3414096534252167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.1745859980583191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1543913185596466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002468","descriptor_name":"Cell Physiological Phenomena","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002468","descriptor_name":"Cell Physiological Phenomena","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002468","descriptor_name":"Cell Physiological Phenomena","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003196","descriptor_name":"Computer Graphics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003196","descriptor_name":"Computer Graphics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003196","descriptor_name":"Computer Graphics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008954","descriptor_name":"Models, Biological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008954","descriptor_name":"Models, Biological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008954","descriptor_name":"Models, Biological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014584","descriptor_name":"User-Computer Interface","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014584","descriptor_name":"User-Computer Interface","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014584","descriptor_name":"User-Computer Interface","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015398","descriptor_name":"Signal Transduction","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015398","descriptor_name":"Signal Transduction","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015398","descriptor_name":"Signal Transduction","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015870","descriptor_name":"Gene Expression","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015870","descriptor_name":"Gene Expression","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015870","descriptor_name":"Gene Expression","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020543","descriptor_name":"Proteome","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020543","descriptor_name":"Proteome","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020543","descriptor_name":"Proteome","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/1471-2105-7-386","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-7-386","pdf_url":"https://bmcbioinformatics.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1471-2105-7-386","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S19032547","display_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1471-2105","issn":["1471-2105"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:16916470","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16916470","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC bioinformatics","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:74e3a78b4a944910a011ed4d96376ec6","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/74e3a78b4a944910a011ed4d96376ec6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BMC Bioinformatics, Vol 7, Iss 1, p 386 (2006)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:351198","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC1560398","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:1560398","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-7-386","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/1471-2105-7-386","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-7-386","pdf_url":"https://bmcbioinformatics.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1471-2105-7-386","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S19032547","display_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1471-2105","issn":["1471-2105"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3564711174","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2003CB715900","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8743826038","display_name":"IgG\u6297\u4f53\u6210\u719f\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u751f\u7269\u4fe1\u606f\u5b66\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"30500107","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321885","display_name":"Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality","ror":"https://ror.org/03kt66j61"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1668115650.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1668115650.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1484040084","https://openalex.org/W1584977346","https://openalex.org/W1644749979","https://openalex.org/W1968286256","https://openalex.org/W1968439746","https://openalex.org/W1976672440","https://openalex.org/W1980737779","https://openalex.org/W1983202741","https://openalex.org/W1993333483","https://openalex.org/W2013775609","https://openalex.org/W2016381774","https://openalex.org/W2017987256","https://openalex.org/W2018045523","https://openalex.org/W2041303239","https://openalex.org/W2048214825","https://openalex.org/W2052464097","https://openalex.org/W2072256916","https://openalex.org/W2076470995","https://openalex.org/W2094399313","https://openalex.org/W2095293504","https://openalex.org/W2099551325","https://openalex.org/W2103170157","https://openalex.org/W2108859156","https://openalex.org/W2109278577","https://openalex.org/W2110678397","https://openalex.org/W2111642621","https://openalex.org/W2112090702","https://openalex.org/W2113221321","https://openalex.org/W2120661262","https://openalex.org/W2122407999","https://openalex.org/W2129618124","https://openalex.org/W2136331515","https://openalex.org/W2142936616","https://openalex.org/W2144885342","https://openalex.org/W2156737316","https://openalex.org/W2156966633","https://openalex.org/W2171580484","https://openalex.org/W3103786587","https://openalex.org/W3146956997","https://openalex.org/W4211017114","https://openalex.org/W4240433220"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4230687177","https://openalex.org/W1968829728","https://openalex.org/W2349859869","https://openalex.org/W2009217790","https://openalex.org/W2085673702","https://openalex.org/W4296978046","https://openalex.org/W1668115650","https://openalex.org/W3211329625","https://openalex.org/W2949136068","https://openalex.org/W1998424164"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"The":[1,158],"exploration":[2],"of":[3,11,26,31,43,53,62,66,80,93,119,177,185,197,212],"the":[4,8,40,81,94,126,183,186,205,210],"structural":[5,41],"topology":[6],"and":[7,24,73,108,116,146,154,168,170,174,195,208],"organizing":[9],"principles":[10,207],"genome-based":[12],"large-scale":[13],"metabolic":[14,27,45,51,96,114,178,213],"networks":[15,52],"is":[16,163,181,201],"essential":[17],"for":[18,203],"studying":[19],"possible":[20],"relations":[21],"between":[22],"structure":[23],"functionality":[25],"networks.":[28,46,97,214],"Topological":[29],"analysis":[30,196],"graph":[32],"models":[33],"has":[34],"often":[35],"been":[36],"applied":[37],"to":[38,91,137],"study":[39],"characteristics":[42],"complex":[44],"RESULTS:":[47],"In":[48,130],"this":[49,120],"work,":[50],"75":[54],"organisms":[55],"were":[56],"investigated":[57],"from":[58],"a":[59,84,112,133,191,199],"topological":[60,88],"point":[61],"view.":[63],"Network":[64],"decomposition":[65],"three":[67],"microbes":[68],"(Escherichia":[69],"coli,":[70],"Aeropyrum":[71],"pernix":[72],"Saccharomyces":[74],"cerevisiae)":[75],"shows":[76],"that":[77,92],"almost":[78],"all":[79],"sub-networks":[82],"exhibit":[83],"highly":[85,159],"modularized":[86,160],"bow-tie":[87,134,161],"pattern":[89,135,162,200],"similar":[90],"global":[95],"Moreover,":[98],"these":[99],"small":[100],"bow-ties":[101],"are":[102,122],"hierarchically":[103],"nested":[104],"into":[105,111],"larger":[106],"ones":[107],"collectively":[109],"integrated":[110],"large":[113],"network,":[115],"important":[117],"features":[118],"modularity":[121],"not":[123],"observed":[124],"in":[125,140,171],"random":[127,192],"shuffled":[128],"network.":[129],"addition,":[131],"such":[132,198],"appears":[136],"be":[138],"present":[139,164],"certain":[141],"chemically":[142],"isolated":[143],"functional":[144],"modules":[145,149,176],"spatially":[147],"separated":[148],"including":[150],"carbohydrate":[151],"metabolism,":[152],"cytosol":[153],"mitochondrion":[155],"respectively.":[156],"CONCLUSION:":[157],"at":[165],"different":[166,172],"levels":[167],"scales,":[169],"chemical":[173],"spatial":[175],"networks,":[179],"which":[180],"likely":[182],"result":[184],"evolutionary":[187],"process":[188],"rather":[189],"than":[190],"accident.":[193],"Identification":[194],"helpful":[202],"understanding":[204],"design":[206],"facilitate":[209],"modelling":[211]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":11}],"updated_date":"2026-06-19T15:47:20.252518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
