{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1971048089","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-15-64","title":"Knowledge-based extraction of adverse drug events from biomedical text","display_name":"Knowledge-based extraction of adverse drug events from biomedical text","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-03-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1971048089","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-15-64","mag":"1971048089","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24593054"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/1471-2105-15-64","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-15-64","pdf_url":"https://bmcbioinformatics.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1471-2105-15-64","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S19032547","display_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1471-2105","issn":["1471-2105"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://bmcbioinformatics.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1471-2105-15-64","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076346443","display_name":"Kang Ning","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3325-5387"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801952686","display_name":"Erasmus MC","ror":"https://ror.org/018906e22","country_code":"NL","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801952686"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ning Kang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus University Medical Center, P,O, Box 2040, 3000, CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. n.kang@erasmusmc.nl","Dept of Medical Informatics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus University Medical Center, P,O, Box 2040, 3000, CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. n.kang@erasmusmc.nl","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept of Medical Informatics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801952686"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034080499","display_name":"Bharat Singh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9290-1225"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801952686","display_name":"Erasmus MC","ror":"https://ror.org/018906e22","country_code":"NL","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801952686"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bharat Singh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus University Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, 3000, CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands","Dept of Medical Informatics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus University Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, 3000, CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801952686"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept of Medical Informatics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801952686"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032667425","display_name":"Chinh Bui","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801952686","display_name":"Erasmus MC","ror":"https://ror.org/018906e22","country_code":"NL","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801952686"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chinh Bui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus University Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, 3000, CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands","Dept of Medical Informatics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus University Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, 3000, CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801952686"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept of Medical Informatics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801952686"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048053757","display_name":"Zubair Afzal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7812-2399"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801952686","display_name":"Erasmus MC","ror":"https://ror.org/018906e22","country_code":"NL","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801952686"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zubair Afzal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus University Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, 3000, CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands","Dept of Medical Informatics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus University Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, 3000, CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801952686"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept of Medical Informatics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801952686"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053857782","display_name":"Erik M. van Mulligen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1377-9386"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801952686","display_name":"Erasmus MC","ror":"https://ror.org/018906e22","country_code":"NL","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801952686"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Erik M van Mulligen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus University Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, 3000, CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands","Dept of Medical Informatics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus University Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, 3000, CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801952686"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept of Medical Informatics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801952686"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005077862","display_name":"Jan A. Kors","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4929-026X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801952686","display_name":"Erasmus MC","ror":"https://ror.org/018906e22","country_code":"NL","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801952686"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jan A Kors","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus University Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, 3000, CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands","Dept of Medical Informatics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus University Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, 3000, CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801952686"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept of Medical Informatics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801952686"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5076346443"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801952686"],"apc_list":{"value":1690,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":2072},"apc_paid":{"value":1690,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":2072},"fwci":4.6968,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":84,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95679892,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"1","first_page":"64","last_page":"64"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9825999736785889,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10211","display_name":"Computational Drug Discovery Methods","score":0.9692000150680542,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relationship-extraction","display_name":"Relationship extraction","score":0.8007005453109741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6827449798583984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-base","display_name":"Knowledge base","score":0.6354979276657104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.6105260252952576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6050964593887329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/f1-score","display_name":"F1 score","score":0.6015956401824951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.565403938293457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-extraction","display_name":"Information extraction","score":0.5390147566795349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/construct","display_name":"Construct (python library)","score":0.4975767433643341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relation","display_name":"Relation (database)","score":0.4890190064907074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/baseline","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","score":0.4483446478843689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.42809751629829407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.3969154953956604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.2334744930267334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.06896838545799255}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153604712","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310755","display_name":"Relationship extraction","level":3,"score":0.8007005453109741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6827449798583984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4554734","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q593744","display_name":"Knowledge base","level":2,"score":0.6354979276657104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.6105260252952576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6050964593887329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148524875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6975395","display_name":"F1 score","level":2,"score":0.6015956401824951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.565403938293457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195807954","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662562","display_name":"Information extraction","level":2,"score":0.5390147566795349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780801425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164392","display_name":"Construct (python library)","level":2,"score":0.4975767433643341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25343380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q277521","display_name":"Relation (database)","level":2,"score":0.4890190064907074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12725497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810247","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","level":2,"score":0.4483446478843689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.42809751629829407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.3969154953956604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.2334744930267334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.06896838545799255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C505870484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180538","display_name":"Fishery","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017432","descriptor_name":"Unified Medical Language System","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017432","descriptor_name":"Unified Medical Language System","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017432","descriptor_name":"Unified Medical Language System","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051188","descriptor_name":"Knowledge Bases","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D051188","descriptor_name":"Knowledge Bases","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D051188","descriptor_name":"Knowledge Bases","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D057225","descriptor_name":"Data Mining","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D057225","descriptor_name":"Data Mining","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D057225","descriptor_name":"Data Mining","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D064420","descriptor_name":"Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D064420","descriptor_name":"Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D064420","descriptor_name":"Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":7,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/1471-2105-15-64","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-15-64","pdf_url":"https://bmcbioinformatics.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1471-2105-15-64","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S19032547","display_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1471-2105","issn":["1471-2105"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:24593054","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24593054","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC bioinformatics","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.eur.nl:openaire/4bdbb5d2-e82c-488d-89b2-2c8dc6816197","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pure.eur.nl/en/publications/4bdbb5d2-e82c-488d-89b2-2c8dc6816197","pdf_url":"https://pure.eur.nl/ws/files/47596221/OABMC_1471-2105-15-64.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401266","display_name":"EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I913958620","host_organization_name":"Erasmus University Rotterdam","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I913958620"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Kang, N, Singh, B, Bui, C, Afzal, M, van Mulligen, E & Kors, J 2014, 'Knowledge-based extraction of adverse drug events from biomedical text', BMC Bioinformatics, vol. 15. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-15-64","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:eur:oai:repub.eur.nl:63449","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1765/63449","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401843","display_name":"Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1322597698","host_organization_name":"Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322597698"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"B M C Bioinformatics, 15(1)","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:2956870","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3973995","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.eur.nl:publications/4bdbb5d2-e82c-488d-89b2-2c8dc6816197","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401266","display_name":"EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I913958620","host_organization_name":"Erasmus University Rotterdam","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I913958620"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":""},{"id":"pmh:oai:repub.eur.nl:63449","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://repub.eur.nl/pub/63449","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400997","display_name":"RePub (Erasmus University, Rotterdam)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I913958620","host_organization_name":"Erasmus University Rotterdam","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I913958620"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"B M C Bioinformatics vol. 15 no. 1","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/1471-2105-15-64","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-15-64","pdf_url":"https://bmcbioinformatics.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1471-2105-15-64","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S19032547","display_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1471-2105","issn":["1471-2105"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.6899999976158142,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1876684263","display_name":"Collaborative Annotation of a Large Biomedical Corpus","funder_award_id":"231727","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3829048491","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FP7/2007-2013","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5593277320","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2007-2013","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5702163051","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FP7/2007","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1971048089.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1971048089.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":61,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W28607699","https://openalex.org/W76749362","https://openalex.org/W81415018","https://openalex.org/W102233799","https://openalex.org/W191009865","https://openalex.org/W202643521","https://openalex.org/W286875401","https://openalex.org/W1550258693","https://openalex.org/W1580184797","https://openalex.org/W1604685658","https://openalex.org/W1958077162","https://openalex.org/W1970967239","https://openalex.org/W1987979808","https://openalex.org/W1991154713","https://openalex.org/W1994306321","https://openalex.org/W1997680883","https://openalex.org/W2002514548","https://openalex.org/W2027979924","https://openalex.org/W2032566933","https://openalex.org/W2036935277","https://openalex.org/W2044420612","https://openalex.org/W2052547205","https://openalex.org/W2054581441","https://openalex.org/W2062331696","https://openalex.org/W2064030835","https://openalex.org/W2096797897","https://openalex.org/W2097300420","https://openalex.org/W2097960255","https://openalex.org/W2098201295","https://openalex.org/W2099369363","https://openalex.org/W2100751507","https://openalex.org/W2112543617","https://openalex.org/W2115259143","https://openalex.org/W2121802207","https://openalex.org/W2121844933","https://openalex.org/W2123112337","https://openalex.org/W2125552472","https://openalex.org/W2128165179","https://openalex.org/W2129038679","https://openalex.org/W2129767020","https://openalex.org/W2132773777","https://openalex.org/W2138768461","https://openalex.org/W2141869602","https://openalex.org/W2142575968","https://openalex.org/W2147641929","https://openalex.org/W2153225416","https://openalex.org/W2156930958","https://openalex.org/W2159583324","https://openalex.org/W2160805010","https://openalex.org/W2166111585","https://openalex.org/W2166213950","https://openalex.org/W2168041406","https://openalex.org/W2168400705","https://openalex.org/W2168905447","https://openalex.org/W2170146596","https://openalex.org/W2236252949","https://openalex.org/W2413220383","https://openalex.org/W2522519459","https://openalex.org/W2528705463","https://openalex.org/W2539011526","https://openalex.org/W3002294450"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4319940250","https://openalex.org/W2444550338","https://openalex.org/W102721276","https://openalex.org/W2489933339","https://openalex.org/W3101091249","https://openalex.org/W2947903144","https://openalex.org/W2806860662","https://openalex.org/W2970808735","https://openalex.org/W4376607254","https://openalex.org/W1971048089"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"knowledge-based":[1],"approach":[2],"can":[3],"be":[4,38],"successfully":[5],"used":[6],"to":[7,37],"extract":[8],"adverse":[9],"drug":[10],"events":[11],"from":[12],"biomedical":[13,33],"text":[14],"without":[15],"need":[16],"for":[17,31],"a":[18,25],"large":[19],"training":[20],"set.":[21],"Whether":[22],"use":[23],"of":[24],"knowledge":[26],"base":[27],"is":[28],"equally":[29],"advantageous":[30],"other":[32],"relation-extraction":[34],"tasks":[35],"remains":[36],"investigated.":[39]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
