{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2140351394","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-11-594","title":"Addressing the Challenge of Defining Valid Proteomic Biomarkers and Classifiers","display_name":"Addressing the Challenge of Defining Valid Proteomic Biomarkers and Classifiers","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2140351394","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-11-594","mag":"2140351394","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21208396"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/1471-2105-11-594","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-11-594","pdf_url":"https://bmcbioinformatics.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1471-2105-11-594","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S19032547","display_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1471-2105","issn":["1471-2105"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://bmcbioinformatics.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1471-2105-11-594","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010902538","display_name":"Mohammed Dakna","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8341-0360"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122174","display_name":"Mosaiques Diagnostics and Therapeutics (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/020gf7g55","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122174"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammed Dakna","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mosaiques diagnostics and therapeutics, Hannover, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mosaiques diagnostics and therapeutics, Hannover, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122174"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110027834","display_name":"Keith Harris","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","display_name":"University of Glasgow","ror":"https://ror.org/00vtgdb53","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Keith Harris","raw_affiliation_strings":["Water and Environment Research Group, School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Water and Environment Research Group, School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084831490","display_name":"Alexandros Kalousis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6282-0686"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114457229","display_name":"University of Geneva","ror":"https://ror.org/01swzsf04","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114457229"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexandros Kalousis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114457229"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040362110","display_name":"S\u00e9bastien Carpentier","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7389-6405"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sebastien Carpentier","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Tropical Crop Improvement, Katholieke Universiteit, Leuven, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Tropical Crop Improvement, Katholieke Universiteit, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036674933","display_name":"Walter K\u00f6lch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5777-5016"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100930933","display_name":"University College Dublin","ror":"https://ror.org/05m7pjf47","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100930933"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143228","display_name":"Cancer Research UK Scotland Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03pv69j64","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801316944","https://openalex.org/I4210143228"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","display_name":"University of Glasgow","ror":"https://ror.org/00vtgdb53","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}],"countries":["GB","IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Walter Kolch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Systems Biology Ireland, Conway Institute, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland","The Beatson Institute for Cancer Research and Sir Henry Wellcome Functional Genomics Facility, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Systems Biology Ireland, Conway Institute, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100930933"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Beatson Institute for Cancer Research and Sir Henry Wellcome Functional Genomics Facility, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143228","https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009141968","display_name":"Joost P. Schanstra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7471-372X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134560555","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier","ror":"https://ror.org/02v6kpv12","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134560555"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154526488","display_name":"Inserm","ror":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154526488"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17866349","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Toulouse Midi-Pyr\u00e9n\u00e9es","ror":"https://ror.org/004raaa70","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17866349"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joost P Schanstra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale (INSERM), U858, Toulouse, France","Universit\u00e9 Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, Institut de M\u00e9decine Moleculaire de Rangueil, Equipe n\u00b0 5, IFR150, Toulouse, France","Institut national de la sant\u00e9 et de la recherche m\u00e9dicale (INSERM), Toulouse, France","Universit\u00e9 Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, Institut de M\u00e9decine Moleculaire de Rangueil, Toulouse, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale (INSERM), U858, Toulouse, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154526488"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e9 Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, Institut de M\u00e9decine Moleculaire de Rangueil, Equipe n\u00b0 5, IFR150, Toulouse, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134560555"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut national de la sant\u00e9 et de la recherche m\u00e9dicale (INSERM), Toulouse, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154526488"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e9 Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, Institut de M\u00e9decine Moleculaire de Rangueil, Toulouse, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134560555","https://openalex.org/I17866349"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061288610","display_name":"Marion Haubitz","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34809795","display_name":"Medizinische Hochschule Hannover","ror":"https://ror.org/00f2yqf98","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34809795"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marion Haubitz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany","Department of Nephrology Hannover Medical School Hannover Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34809795"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nephrology Hannover Medical School Hannover Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34809795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024391183","display_name":"Antonia Vlahou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3284-5713"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I206127235","display_name":"Academy of Athens","ror":"https://ror.org/00qsdn986","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I206127235"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antonia Vlahou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I206127235"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052560289","display_name":"Harald Mischak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0323-0306"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122174","display_name":"Mosaiques Diagnostics and Therapeutics (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/020gf7g55","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122174"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","display_name":"University of Glasgow","ror":"https://ror.org/00vtgdb53","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}],"countries":["DE","GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Harald Mischak","raw_affiliation_strings":["BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK","Mosaiques diagnostics and therapeutics, Hannover, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mosaiques diagnostics and therapeutics, Hannover, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122174"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045384249","display_name":"Mark Girolami","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3008-253X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark Girolami","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Statistical Science, University College London, London, UK","Department of Statistical Science, University College London, London, UK#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Statistical Science, University College London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Statistical Science, University College London, London, UK#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":7,"institutions_distinct_count":12,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5052560289"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122174","https://openalex.org/I7882870"],"apc_list":{"value":1690,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":2790},"apc_paid":{"value":1690,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":2790},"fwci":3.5769,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":121,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93290182,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"1","first_page":"594","last_page":"594"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10519","display_name":"Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications","score":0.968500018119812,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1607","display_name":"Spectroscopy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10519","display_name":"Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications","score":0.968500018119812,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1607","display_name":"Spectroscopy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14364","display_name":"Clusterin in disease pathology","score":0.0034000000450760126,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12867","display_name":"Advanced Biosensing Techniques and Applications","score":0.0020000000949949026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resampling","display_name":"Resampling","score":0.7168980836868286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6255942583084106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sample-size-determination","display_name":"Sample size determination","score":0.606570839881897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wilcoxon-signed-rank-test","display_name":"Wilcoxon signed-rank test","score":0.5626053214073181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.530403733253479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5002636909484863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sample","display_name":"Sample (material)","score":0.47147679328918457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomarker-discovery","display_name":"Biomarker discovery","score":0.44110727310180664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.43800660967826843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiple-comparisons-problem","display_name":"Multiple comparisons problem","score":0.42510080337524414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3924243748188019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.35991212725639343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bioinformatics","display_name":"Bioinformatics","score":0.3339347243309021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.31378868222236633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proteomics","display_name":"Proteomics","score":0.26652300357818604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.1435244083404541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.13224056363105774}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150921843","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1170431","display_name":"Resampling","level":2,"score":0.7168980836868286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6255942583084106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129848803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2564360","display_name":"Sample size determination","level":2,"score":0.606570839881897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206041023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1751970","display_name":"Wilcoxon signed-rank test","level":3,"score":0.5626053214073181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.530403733253479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5002636909484863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198531522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146","display_name":"Sample (material)","level":2,"score":0.47147679328918457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124535831","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4915074","display_name":"Biomarker discovery","level":4,"score":0.44110727310180664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.43800660967826843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183905921","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1038757","display_name":"Multiple comparisons problem","level":2,"score":0.42510080337524414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3924243748188019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.35991212725639343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60644358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128570","display_name":"Bioinformatics","level":1,"score":0.3339347243309021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.31378868222236633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46111723","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q471857","display_name":"Proteomics","level":3,"score":0.26652300357818604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.1435244083404541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.13224056363105774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12868164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1424533","display_name":"Mann\u2013Whitney U test","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012016","descriptor_name":"Reference Values","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012016","descriptor_name":"Reference Values","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012016","descriptor_name":"Reference Values","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012016","descriptor_name":"Reference Values","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013058","descriptor_name":"Mass Spectrometry","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013058","descriptor_name":"Mass Spectrometry","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013058","descriptor_name":"Mass Spectrometry","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013058","descriptor_name":"Mass Spectrometry","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015415","descriptor_name":"Biomarkers","qualifier_ui":"Q000652","qualifier_name":"urine","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015415","descriptor_name":"Biomarkers","qualifier_ui":"Q000652","qualifier_name":"urine","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015415","descriptor_name":"Biomarkers","qualifier_ui":"Q000652","qualifier_name":"urine","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015415","descriptor_name":"Biomarkers","qualifier_ui":"Q000652","qualifier_name":"urine","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018401","descriptor_name":"Sample Size","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018401","descriptor_name":"Sample Size","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018401","descriptor_name":"Sample Size","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018401","descriptor_name":"Sample Size","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019075","descriptor_name":"Electrophoresis, Capillary","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019075","descriptor_name":"Electrophoresis, Capillary","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019075","descriptor_name":"Electrophoresis, Capillary","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019075","descriptor_name":"Electrophoresis, Capillary","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D040901","descriptor_name":"Proteomics","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D040901","descriptor_name":"Proteomics","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D040901","descriptor_name":"Proteomics","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D040901","descriptor_name":"Proteomics","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":12,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/1471-2105-11-594","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-11-594","pdf_url":"https://bmcbioinformatics.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1471-2105-11-594","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S19032547","display_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1471-2105","issn":["1471-2105"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:21208396","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21208396","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC bioinformatics","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:108701","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400854","display_name":"White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2800616092","host_organization_name":"White Rose University Consortium","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800616092"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:http://www.rian.ie/105980/","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10197/5015","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400033","display_name":"Arrow@dit (Dublin Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I115570527","host_organization_name":"Dublin Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115570527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:inserm-00624800v1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://inserm.hal.science/inserm-00624800","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BMC Bioinformatics, 2010, 11 (1), pp.594. &#x27E8;10.1186/1471-2105-11-594&#x27E9;","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:4fb74195588c4fb49663eab869165ff3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/4fb74195588c4fb49663eab869165ff3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BMC Bioinformatics, Vol 11, Iss 1, p 594 (2010)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.gla.ac.uk:49523","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://eprints.gla.ac.uk/49523/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210235606","display_name":"ENLIGHTEN (Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam)","issn_l":"2622-8912","issn":["2622-8912","2622-8920"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Articles"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.ucl.ac.uk.OAI2:1339737","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1339737/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400024","display_name":"UCL Discovery (University College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","host_organization_name":"University College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BMC BIOINFORMATICS , 11 , Article 594. (2010)","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:generic.eprints.org:1185274","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://publications.eng.cam.ac.uk/1185274/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922847","display_name":"Cambridge University Engineering Department Publications Database","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:lirias2repo.kuleuven.be:123456789/300076","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2105/11/594","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055369","display_name":"Lirias","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BMC Bioinformatics, vol. 11, Art.No. 594","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:3017845","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3017845","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.lenus.ie:10147/119130","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10147/119130","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401756","display_name":"Lenus, The Irish Health Repository (Dr Steevens Hospital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/1471-2105-11-594","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-11-594","pdf_url":"https://bmcbioinformatics.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1471-2105-11-594","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S19032547","display_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1471-2105","issn":["1471-2105"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.41999998688697815,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2117197975","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/F009429/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2585891081","display_name":"Advancing Machine Learning Methodology for New Classes of Prediction Problems","funder_award_id":"EP/F009429/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3073253045","display_name":"Genomic instability and genomic alterations in pre-cancerous lesions and/or cancer","funder_award_id":"202230","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3549489554","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/E052029/2","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6479667774","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/E052029/2","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2140351394.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2140351394.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":55,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W590308574","https://openalex.org/W1549733517","https://openalex.org/W1965281372","https://openalex.org/W1972735312","https://openalex.org/W1977687502","https://openalex.org/W1980783900","https://openalex.org/W1984284513","https://openalex.org/W1984971566","https://openalex.org/W1992271070","https://openalex.org/W1995945562","https://openalex.org/W1996644428","https://openalex.org/W1997847649","https://openalex.org/W2001922579","https://openalex.org/W2004799239","https://openalex.org/W2015864892","https://openalex.org/W2024105897","https://openalex.org/W2027620397","https://openalex.org/W2035540717","https://openalex.org/W2039764641","https://openalex.org/W2043273403","https://openalex.org/W2045674583","https://openalex.org/W2049131636","https://openalex.org/W2060968241","https://openalex.org/W2061202064","https://openalex.org/W2065815834","https://openalex.org/W2086481317","https://openalex.org/W2092095117","https://openalex.org/W2094229819","https://openalex.org/W2096045149","https://openalex.org/W2097917417","https://openalex.org/W2099832063","https://openalex.org/W2102342618","https://openalex.org/W2105981176","https://openalex.org/W2110065044","https://openalex.org/W2110076575","https://openalex.org/W2110298216","https://openalex.org/W2115498556","https://openalex.org/W2117925356","https://openalex.org/W2121143232","https://openalex.org/W2124861786","https://openalex.org/W2131722136","https://openalex.org/W2134389439","https://openalex.org/W2137274797","https://openalex.org/W2140617063","https://openalex.org/W2143113016","https://openalex.org/W2143283561","https://openalex.org/W2145957085","https://openalex.org/W2151619278","https://openalex.org/W2156414898","https://openalex.org/W2157079627","https://openalex.org/W2162386068","https://openalex.org/W2582743722","https://openalex.org/W2765227648","https://openalex.org/W3106889297","https://openalex.org/W4302075920"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1974747032","https://openalex.org/W1985918072","https://openalex.org/W2058846847","https://openalex.org/W2113381189","https://openalex.org/W2906877126","https://openalex.org/W4252530010","https://openalex.org/W2090994471","https://openalex.org/W2200990610","https://openalex.org/W3122527410","https://openalex.org/W2149531899"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"The":[1,73],"purpose":[2],"of":[3,14,27,29,54,67,71,76,93,117,137,154,186,193],"this":[4],"manuscript":[5],"is":[6,111,124,161],"to":[7,150],"provide,":[8],"based":[9,132],"on":[10,133],"an":[11,158],"extensive":[12],"analysis":[13,23,66],"a":[15,58,68,134,184],"proteomic":[16,40,165],"data":[17,179],"set,":[18],"suggestions":[19],"for":[20,24,64,114,121,167],"proper":[21,177],"statistical":[22,178],"the":[25,38,77,91,94,101,109,115,187,194],"discovery":[26],"sets":[28],"clinically":[30],"relevant":[31],"biomarkers.":[32,119],"As":[33],"tractable":[34],"example":[35],"we":[36],"define":[37],"measurable":[39],"differences":[41],"between":[42],"apparently":[43,82],"healthy":[44,83],"adult":[45],"males":[46],"and":[47,56,85,169],"females.":[48],"We":[49,106],"choose":[50],"urine":[51,75],"as":[52],"body-fluid":[53],"interest":[55],"CE-MS,":[57],"thoroughly":[59],"validated":[60],"platform":[61],"technology,":[62],"allowing":[63],"routine":[65,95],"large":[69],"number":[70,136],"samples.":[72],"second":[74],"morning":[78],"was":[79],"collected":[80],"from":[81,141],"male":[84],"female":[86],"volunteers":[87],"(aged":[88],"21-40)":[89],"in":[90,157],"course":[92],"medical":[96],"check-up":[97],"before":[98],"recruitment":[99],"at":[100],"Hannover":[102],"Medical":[103],"School.":[104],"RESULTS:":[105],"found":[107],"that":[108],"Wilcoxon-test":[110],"best":[112],"suited":[113,149],"definition":[116],"potential":[118],"Adjustment":[120],"multiple":[122],"testing":[123],"necessary.":[125],"Sample":[126],"size":[127,189],"estimation":[128],"can":[129,172],"be":[130,173,191],"performed":[131],"small":[135],"observations":[138],"via":[139],"resampling":[140],"pilot":[142],"data.":[143],"Machine":[144],"learning":[145],"algorithms":[146],"appear":[147],"ideally":[148],"generate":[151],"classifiers.":[152],"Assessment":[153],"any":[155],"results":[156],"independent":[159],"test-set":[160],"essential.":[162],"CONCLUSIONS:":[163],"Valid":[164],"biomarkers":[166],"diagnosis":[168],"prognosis":[170],"only":[171],"defined":[174],"by":[175],"applying":[176],"mining":[180],"procedures.":[181],"In":[182],"particular,":[183],"justification":[185],"sample":[188],"should":[190],"part":[192],"study":[195],"design.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
