{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4312825692","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20539517221142824","title":"Artificial intelligence, human intelligence and hybrid intelligence based on mutual augmentation","display_name":"Artificial intelligence, human intelligence and hybrid intelligence based on mutual augmentation","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4312825692","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20539517221142824"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/20539517221142824","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20539517221142824","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736409588","display_name":"Big Data & Society","issn_l":"2053-9517","issn":["2053-9517"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Big Data & Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20539517221142824","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040259613","display_name":"Mohammad Hossein Jarrahi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5685-7156"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Hossein Jarrahi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019957496","display_name":"Christoph Lutz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4389-6006"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181046868","display_name":"BI Norwegian Business School","ror":"https://ror.org/03ez40v33","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181046868"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Christoph Lutz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nordic Centre for Internet and Society, BI Norwegian Business School, Oslo, Norway"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nordic Centre for Internet and Society, BI Norwegian Business School, Oslo, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181046868"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008470831","display_name":"Gemma Newlands","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0851-384X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181046868","display_name":"BI Norwegian Business School","ror":"https://ror.org/03ez40v33","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181046868"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gemma Newlands","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nordic Centre for Internet and Society, BI Norwegian Business School, Oslo, Norway"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nordic Centre for Internet and Society, BI Norwegian Business School, Oslo, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181046868"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5019957496"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181046868"],"apc_list":{"value":800,"currency":"USD","value_usd":800},"apc_paid":{"value":800,"currency":"USD","value_usd":800},"fwci":21.4586,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":111,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99544735,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"2","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.9851999878883362,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12128","display_name":"AI in Service Interactions","score":0.9728000164031982,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-intelligence","display_name":"Human intelligence","score":0.7887576818466187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/applications-of-artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Applications of artificial intelligence","score":0.5020880699157715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4883377254009247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-science","display_name":"Cognitive science","score":0.4839325547218323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clarity","display_name":"CLARITY","score":0.48201194405555725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/symbolic-artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Symbolic artificial intelligence","score":0.471014142036438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4478791058063507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-intelligence","display_name":"Social intelligence","score":0.446113646030426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tacit-knowledge","display_name":"Tacit knowledge","score":0.429824560880661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intelligence-cycle","display_name":"Intelligence cycle","score":0.4136367440223694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.3964729309082031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence-situated-approach","display_name":"Artificial intelligence, situated approach","score":0.3202781677246094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.27373194694519043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.27186572551727295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-psychology","display_name":"Social psychology","score":0.16756463050842285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/military-intelligence","display_name":"Military intelligence","score":0.13348710536956787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.10257300734519958}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105409693","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5937824","display_name":"Human intelligence","level":2,"score":0.7887576818466187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157170001","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4781507","display_name":"Applications of artificial intelligence","level":2,"score":0.5020880699157715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4883377254009247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188147891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147638","display_name":"Cognitive science","level":1,"score":0.4839325547218323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777146004","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14949826","display_name":"CLARITY","level":2,"score":0.48201194405555725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26205005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5514059","display_name":"Symbolic artificial intelligence","level":3,"score":0.471014142036438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4478791058063507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45801056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2273844","display_name":"Social intelligence","level":2,"score":0.446113646030426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779561248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q743861","display_name":"Tacit knowledge","level":2,"score":0.429824560880661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40046163","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3268831","display_name":"Intelligence cycle","level":3,"score":0.4136367440223694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.3964729309082031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207453521","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4801079","display_name":"Artificial intelligence, situated approach","level":2,"score":0.3202781677246094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.27373194694519043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.27186572551727295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.16756463050842285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49504249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4168000","display_name":"Military intelligence","level":2,"score":0.13348710536956787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.10257300734519958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/20539517221142824","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20539517221142824","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736409588","display_name":"Big Data & Society","issn_l":"2053-9517","issn":["2053-9517"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Big Data & Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:biopen.bi.no:11250/3041640","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3041640","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401716","display_name":"Duo Research Archive (University of Oslo)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I184942183","host_organization_name":"University of Oslo","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184942183"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"9","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/other"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:28877a02a573443d9f71607ae8a63f3e","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/28877a02a573443d9f71607ae8a63f3e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Big Data & Society, Vol 9 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/20539517221142824","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20539517221142824","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736409588","display_name":"Big Data & Society","issn_l":"2053-9517","issn":["2053-9517"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Big Data & Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6499999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3748656914","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Norway","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323299","funder_display_name":"Norges Forskningsr\u00e5d"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4277203888","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"299178","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323299","funder_display_name":"Norges Forskningsr\u00e5d"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7426952716","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"275347","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323299","funder_display_name":"Norges Forskningsr\u00e5d"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8445237727","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"275347, 299178","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323299","funder_display_name":"Norges Forskningsr\u00e5d"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323299","display_name":"Norges Forskningsr\u00e5d","ror":"https://ror.org/00epmv149"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2014151618","https://openalex.org/W2051815411","https://openalex.org/W2765146466","https://openalex.org/W2796755741","https://openalex.org/W2903349870","https://openalex.org/W2936242438","https://openalex.org/W2940900846","https://openalex.org/W2950948599","https://openalex.org/W2953448538","https://openalex.org/W2954197146","https://openalex.org/W2957654274","https://openalex.org/W2994948545","https://openalex.org/W2998516726","https://openalex.org/W3013998503","https://openalex.org/W3015451619","https://openalex.org/W3018104257","https://openalex.org/W3019099043","https://openalex.org/W3023687723","https://openalex.org/W3029022390","https://openalex.org/W3037342067","https://openalex.org/W3093541323","https://openalex.org/W3122548859","https://openalex.org/W3125633690","https://openalex.org/W3151427199","https://openalex.org/W3159096324","https://openalex.org/W3160182997","https://openalex.org/W3174126466","https://openalex.org/W3178993634","https://openalex.org/W3206793843","https://openalex.org/W4207001022","https://openalex.org/W4213145388","https://openalex.org/W4221042037","https://openalex.org/W4254947497","https://openalex.org/W4285064894","https://openalex.org/W4294351233"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4229880053","https://openalex.org/W2549845615","https://openalex.org/W4205849245","https://openalex.org/W2464019731","https://openalex.org/W2215598029","https://openalex.org/W4285366556","https://openalex.org/W2379618148","https://openalex.org/W4379207268","https://openalex.org/W3193639756","https://openalex.org/W3020952438"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"There":[0],"is":[1,73,122],"little":[2],"consensus":[3],"on":[4],"what":[5],"artificial":[6],"intelligence":[7,118,141],"(AI)":[8],"systems":[9],"may":[10,12,17],"or":[11],"not":[13],"embrace.":[14],"Although":[15],"this":[16],"point":[18],"to":[19,67,74,97,127],"multiplicity":[20],"of":[21,27,34,45,55,63,71,91,110],"interpretations":[22],"and":[23,43,47,53,76,93,101,119,124,134,140,149,157],"backgrounds,":[24],"a":[25,160],"lack":[26],"conceptual":[28],"clarity":[29],"could":[30],"thwart":[31],"the":[32,38,49,56,64,69,85,88],"development":[33],"common":[35],"ground":[36],"around":[37],"concept":[39,70],"among":[40],"researchers,":[41],"practitioners":[42],"users":[44],"AI":[46,72,94,111,135,148],"pave":[48],"way":[50],"for":[51],"misinterpretation":[52],"abuse":[54],"concept.":[57],"This":[58],"article":[59,86],"argues":[60],"that":[61,114,121],"one":[62,98,113,120],"effective":[65],"ways":[66],"delineate":[68],"compare":[75],"contrast":[77],"it":[78],"with":[79,159],"human":[80,117,151],"intelligence.":[81],"In":[82],"doing":[83],"so,":[84],"broaches":[87],"unique":[89],"capabilities":[90,139],"humans":[92,133],"in":[95,154],"relation":[96],"another":[99],"(human":[100],"machine":[102],"tacit":[103],"knowledge),":[104],"as":[105,107],"well":[106],"two":[108],"types":[109],"systems:":[112],"goes":[115],"beyond":[116],"necessarily":[123],"inherently":[125],"tied":[126],"it.":[128],"It":[129],"finally":[130],"highlights":[131],"how":[132],"can":[136],"augment":[137],"their":[138],"through":[142],"synergistic":[143],"human\u2013AI":[144],"interactions":[145],"(i.e.,":[146],"human-augmented":[147],"augmented":[150],"intelligence),":[152],"resulting":[153],"hybrid":[155],"intelligence,":[156],"concludes":[158],"future-looking":[161],"research":[162],"agenda.":[163]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":48},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":36},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}