{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4285272120","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20539517221095433","title":"Beyond manifestos: Exploring how political campaigns use online advertisements to communicate policy information and pledges","display_name":"Beyond manifestos: Exploring how political campaigns use online advertisements to communicate policy information and pledges","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4285272120","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20539517221095433"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/20539517221095433","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20539517221095433","pdf_url":"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/20539517221095433","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736409588","display_name":"Big Data & Society","issn_l":"2053-9517","issn":["2053-9517"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Big Data &amp; Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/20539517221095433","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070860771","display_name":"Tom Dobber","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6657-4037"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887064364","display_name":"University of Amsterdam","ror":"https://ror.org/04dkp9463","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887064364"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tom Dobber","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amsterdam School of Communication Research (ASCoR), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amsterdam School of Communication Research (ASCoR), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887064364"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061206863","display_name":"Claes H. de Vreese","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4962-1698"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887064364","display_name":"University of Amsterdam","ror":"https://ror.org/04dkp9463","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887064364"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Claes de Vreese","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amsterdam School of Communication Research (ASCoR), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amsterdam School of Communication Research (ASCoR), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887064364"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5070860771"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887064364"],"apc_list":{"value":800,"currency":"USD","value_usd":800},"apc_paid":{"value":800,"currency":"USD","value_usd":800},"fwci":4.034,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93307013,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10557","display_name":"Social Media and Politics","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10557","display_name":"Social Media and Politics","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10108","display_name":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10133","display_name":"Media Studies and Communication","score":0.9889000058174133,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pledge","display_name":"Pledge","score":0.6752402782440186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mandate","display_name":"Mandate","score":0.6504793763160706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/politics","display_name":"Politics","score":0.6474236249923706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scrutiny","display_name":"Scrutiny","score":0.5936534404754639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.5174235105514526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-relations","display_name":"Public relations","score":0.5100577473640442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.43776246905326843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/advertising","display_name":"Advertising","score":0.436781108379364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpretation","display_name":"Interpretation (philosophy)","score":0.41315847635269165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.38797155022621155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.23108646273612976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.16826018691062927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.10407796502113342}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780643141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q819049","display_name":"Pledge","level":2,"score":0.6752402782440186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775884135","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845436","display_name":"Mandate","level":2,"score":0.6504793763160706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.6474236249923706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776050585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7439360","display_name":"Scrutiny","level":2,"score":0.5936534404754639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.5174235105514526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.5100577473640442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.43776246905326843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112698675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37038","display_name":"Advertising","level":1,"score":0.436781108379364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527412718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q855395","display_name":"Interpretation (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.41315847635269165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.38797155022621155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.23108646273612976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.16826018691062927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.10407796502113342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/20539517221095433","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20539517221095433","pdf_url":"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/20539517221095433","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736409588","display_name":"Big Data & Society","issn_l":"2053-9517","issn":["2053-9517"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Big Data &amp; Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dare.uva.nl:openaire/99371712-ba3f-4ede-b8be-00cb2c3042bf","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://handle.uba.uva.nl/personal/pure/en/publications/beyond-manifestos-exploring-how-political-campaigns-use-online-advertisements-to-communicate-policy-information-and-pledges(99371712-ba3f-4ede-b8be-00cb2c3042bf).html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400088","display_name":"UvA-DARE (University of Amsterdam)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I887064364","host_organization_name":"University of Amsterdam","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887064364"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Dobber, T & de Vreese, C 2022, 'Beyond manifestos: Exploring how political campaigns use online advertisements to communicate policy information and pledges', Big Data & Society, vol. 9, no. 1. https://doi.org/10.1177/20539517221095433","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:6e7857e5e58546159378de29cd429f7e","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/6e7857e5e58546159378de29cd429f7e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Big Data & Society, Vol 9 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:uvapub:oai:dare.uva.nl:openaire_cris_publications/99371712-ba3f-4ede-b8be-00cb2c3042bf","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dare.uva.nl/personal/pure/en/publications/beyond-manifestos-exploring-how-political-campaigns-use-online-advertisements-to-communicate-policy-information-and-pledges(99371712-ba3f-4ede-b8be-00cb2c3042bf).html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401843","display_name":"Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1322597698","host_organization_name":"Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322597698"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Big Data &amp; Society, 9(1). SAGE Publications Ltd","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/20539517221095433","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20539517221095433","pdf_url":"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/20539517221095433","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736409588","display_name":"Big Data & Society","issn_l":"2053-9517","issn":["2053-9517"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Big Data &amp; Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.7099999785423279,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8837132623","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MXM19-1137:1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322659","funder_display_name":"Riksbankens Jubileumsfond"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322659","display_name":"Riksbankens Jubileumsfond","ror":"https://ror.org/02jkbm893"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4285272120.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4285272120.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1517071173","https://openalex.org/W1806663668","https://openalex.org/W1847953270","https://openalex.org/W1949165848","https://openalex.org/W1973033164","https://openalex.org/W1980414749","https://openalex.org/W2043079067","https://openalex.org/W2063608249","https://openalex.org/W2087749183","https://openalex.org/W2143859333","https://openalex.org/W2150957645","https://openalex.org/W2152256755","https://openalex.org/W2155259695","https://openalex.org/W2237362591","https://openalex.org/W2245491193","https://openalex.org/W2269204188","https://openalex.org/W2358121892","https://openalex.org/W2465081079","https://openalex.org/W2513122115","https://openalex.org/W2552116733","https://openalex.org/W2592290488","https://openalex.org/W2665174355","https://openalex.org/W2750859775","https://openalex.org/W2766080391","https://openalex.org/W2783223243","https://openalex.org/W2786258759","https://openalex.org/W2788028584","https://openalex.org/W2801847939","https://openalex.org/W2910924962","https://openalex.org/W2944242081","https://openalex.org/W2947617488","https://openalex.org/W2957505890","https://openalex.org/W2964237537","https://openalex.org/W2980941842","https://openalex.org/W2981027256","https://openalex.org/W3000186811","https://openalex.org/W3015000238","https://openalex.org/W3021655178","https://openalex.org/W3039799152","https://openalex.org/W3116326248","https://openalex.org/W3157172840","https://openalex.org/W4210999723","https://openalex.org/W4229914437","https://openalex.org/W4241683857"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2375586905","https://openalex.org/W4212930069","https://openalex.org/W2061297926","https://openalex.org/W4381197671","https://openalex.org/W2802380811","https://openalex.org/W2349849257","https://openalex.org/W2365862873","https://openalex.org/W2515248673","https://openalex.org/W2793592185","https://openalex.org/W4242859978"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Social":[0],"media":[1],"platforms":[2],"take":[3],"on":[4,77],"increasingly":[5],"big":[6],"roles":[7],"in":[8,62,66,113],"political":[9,31,106],"advertising.":[10],"Microtargeting":[11],"techniques":[12,28],"facilitate":[13],"the":[14,51,114,117],"display":[15],"of":[16,22,41,53,133],"tailored":[17],"advertisements":[18,88],"to":[19,33,36,58,102,116,130],"specific":[20],"subsegments":[21,132],"society.":[23,134],"Scholars":[24,73],"worry":[25],"that":[26,44,124],"such":[27],"might":[29],"cause":[30],"information":[32,61,82,110,127],"be":[34],"displayed":[35,129],"only":[37],"very":[38],"small":[39,131],"subgroups":[40],"citizens.":[42],"Or":[43],"targeted":[45],"communication":[46],"about":[47,141],"policy":[48,81,109,126],"could":[49],"make":[50],"mandate":[52,147],"elected":[54],"representatives":[55],"more":[56],"challenging":[57],"interpret.":[59],"Policy":[60],"general":[63],"and":[64,83,111,146],"pledges,":[65],"particular,":[67],"have":[68,74],"received":[69],"much":[70,125],"scientific":[71],"scrutiny.":[72],"focused":[75],"largely":[76],"party":[78],"manifestos,":[79],"but":[80],"pledges":[84,112],"communicated":[85],"via":[86],"online":[87],"offer":[89],"a":[90],"new":[91,94],"arena":[92],"with":[93],"dynamics.":[95],"This":[96],"study":[97],"uses":[98],"Facebook\u2019s":[99],"ad":[100],"library":[101],"describe":[103],"how":[104],"Dutch":[105],"campaigns":[107],"advertise":[108],"run-up":[115],"2019":[118],"European":[119],"Elections.":[120],"The":[121],"results":[122],"show":[123],"is":[128],"These":[135],"findings":[136],"provide":[137],"evidence":[138],"for":[139],"concerns":[140],"pledge":[142],"obfuscation,":[143],"voter":[144],"manipulation":[145],"interpretation.":[148]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-15T09:29:46.208133","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
