{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408557764","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/18724981251322884","title":"Artificial intelligence in educational games and consent under general data protection regulation","display_name":"Artificial intelligence in educational games and consent under general data protection regulation","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408557764","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/18724981251322884"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/18724981251322884","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/18724981251322884","pdf_url":"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/18724981251322884","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S119727669","display_name":"Intelligent Decision Technologies","issn_l":"1872-4981","issn":["1872-4981","1875-8843"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Intelligent Decision Technologies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/18724981251322884","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045753350","display_name":"Eirini Mougiakou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8441-4099"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154757721","display_name":"University of Piraeus","ror":"https://ror.org/02qs84g94","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154757721"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eirini Mougiakou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Informatics, University of Piraeus, Karaoli &amp; Dimitriou Str. 80, Piraeus, Greece"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8441-4099","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics, University of Piraeus, Karaoli &amp; Dimitriou Str. 80, Piraeus, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154757721"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076388751","display_name":"Spyros Papadimitriou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2581-1195"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154757721","display_name":"University of Piraeus","ror":"https://ror.org/02qs84g94","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154757721"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Spyros Papadimitriou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Informatics, University of Piraeus, Karaoli &amp; Dimitriou Str. 80, Piraeus, Greece"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2581-1195","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics, University of Piraeus, Karaoli &amp; Dimitriou Str. 80, Piraeus, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154757721"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063125195","display_name":"Konstantina Chrysafiadi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8096-1407"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154757721","display_name":"University of Piraeus","ror":"https://ror.org/02qs84g94","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154757721"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Konstantina Chrysafiadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Informatics, University of Piraeus, Karaoli &amp; Dimitriou Str. 80, Piraeus, Greece"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8096-1407","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics, University of Piraeus, Karaoli &amp; Dimitriou Str. 80, Piraeus, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154757721"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057523671","display_name":"Maria Virvou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4008-4654"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154757721","display_name":"University of Piraeus","ror":"https://ror.org/02qs84g94","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154757721"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maria Virvou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Informatics, University of Piraeus, Karaoli &amp; Dimitriou Str. 80, Piraeus, Greece"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4008-4654","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics, University of Piraeus, Karaoli &amp; Dimitriou Str. 80, Piraeus, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154757721"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5076388751"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154757721"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.265,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97460812,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"2","first_page":"670","last_page":"686"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11045","display_name":"Privacy, Security, and Data Protection","score":0.9768000245094299,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11045","display_name":"Privacy, Security, and Data Protection","score":0.9768000245094299,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13475","display_name":"Digital Transformation in Law","score":0.9627000093460083,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.9309999942779541,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-protection-act-1998","display_name":"Data Protection Act 1998","score":0.5041178464889526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4396052062511444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/general-data-protection-regulation","display_name":"General Data Protection Regulation","score":0.42371347546577454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.37603288888931274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-research","display_name":"Operations research","score":0.33664003014564514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.3252210021018982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.3230651021003723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.20854702591896057}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69360830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172237","display_name":"Data Protection Act 1998","level":2,"score":0.5041178464889526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4396052062511444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3090818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172506","display_name":"General Data Protection Regulation","level":3,"score":0.42371347546577454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.37603288888931274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.33664003014564514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3252210021018982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3230651021003723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.20854702591896057}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/18724981251322884","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/18724981251322884","pdf_url":"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/18724981251322884","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S119727669","display_name":"Intelligent Decision Technologies","issn_l":"1872-4981","issn":["1872-4981","1875-8843"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Intelligent Decision Technologies","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/18724981251322884","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/18724981251322884","pdf_url":"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/18724981251322884","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S119727669","display_name":"Intelligent Decision Technologies","issn_l":"1872-4981","issn":["1872-4981","1875-8843"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Intelligent Decision Technologies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1828475368","https://openalex.org/W1973222559","https://openalex.org/W2051154247","https://openalex.org/W2054271015","https://openalex.org/W2079718249","https://openalex.org/W2089013358","https://openalex.org/W2106838454","https://openalex.org/W2249784142","https://openalex.org/W2398539421","https://openalex.org/W2551190692","https://openalex.org/W2557876413","https://openalex.org/W2563446422","https://openalex.org/W2569365754","https://openalex.org/W2613711491","https://openalex.org/W2618486795","https://openalex.org/W2626090422","https://openalex.org/W2743193224","https://openalex.org/W2758321088","https://openalex.org/W2759182208","https://openalex.org/W2768463278","https://openalex.org/W2777772899","https://openalex.org/W2793989571","https://openalex.org/W2794377346","https://openalex.org/W2883019747","https://openalex.org/W2886102994","https://openalex.org/W2912223730","https://openalex.org/W2946471519","https://openalex.org/W2972302173","https://openalex.org/W3005559683","https://openalex.org/W3092528794","https://openalex.org/W3094399198","https://openalex.org/W3095379192","https://openalex.org/W3121207509","https://openalex.org/W3125912651","https://openalex.org/W3128395326","https://openalex.org/W3165086911","https://openalex.org/W3166987920","https://openalex.org/W3185987447","https://openalex.org/W4200078446","https://openalex.org/W4206066526","https://openalex.org/W4309635581","https://openalex.org/W4323654309","https://openalex.org/W4389777136","https://openalex.org/W4398166765","https://openalex.org/W6943478111"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2917102635","https://openalex.org/W3023256691","https://openalex.org/W2789497412","https://openalex.org/W2883729192","https://openalex.org/W2910484607","https://openalex.org/W2794700933","https://openalex.org/W2901967497","https://openalex.org/W3048759155","https://openalex.org/W3000605968","https://openalex.org/W3171079982"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0,66],"Artificial":[1],"Intelligence":[2],"becomes":[3],"increasingly":[4],"integrated":[5],"into":[6,199],"educational":[7,84,144,156,182,219],"games,":[8,145],"conforming":[9],"with":[10,212],"the":[11,25,58,74,83,122,207,231,245],"General":[12],"Data":[13],"Protection":[14],"Regulation":[15],"(GDPR)\u2014a":[16],"legal":[17],"framework":[18],"governing":[19],"data":[20,95,104,228,240],"protection":[21],"and":[22,152,206,233],"privacy":[23],"in":[24,127,142,192,217],"European":[26],"Union\u2014remains":[27],"an":[28],"important":[29],"yet":[30],"complex":[31],"challenge,":[32],"particularly":[33],"when":[34,82],"minors":[35],"are":[36,39,241],"involved.":[37],"Users":[38],"required":[40],"to":[41,117,124,163],"provide":[42,197],"consent":[43,63,75,116,204,236],"multiple":[44],"times,":[45],"often":[46],"unexpectedly,":[47],"at":[48],"different":[49],"game":[50,85,123,183],"levels.":[51],"This":[52,137],"process":[53],"is":[54,86,90,96,101,105,177],"further":[55],"complicated":[56],"by":[57],"varying":[59],"durations":[60],"for":[61,188],"which":[62,119],"remains":[64],"valid.":[65],"a":[67,113,134,169,180,186],"result,":[68],"users\u2014especially":[69],"minors\u2014may":[70],"become":[71],"confused":[72],"about":[73],"they":[76],"have":[77],"given.":[78],"Additional":[79],"concerns":[80],"arise":[81],"AI-equipped.":[87],"If":[88],"AI":[89,100,201],"not":[91,225],"involved,":[92],"no":[93],"new":[94,103],"generated.":[97],"However,":[98],"if":[99],"present,":[102],"continuously":[106],"produced,":[107],"necessitating":[108],"ongoing":[109],"consent.":[110],"For":[111],"example,":[112],"user":[114,148],"may":[115],"personalisation,":[118],"could":[120],"lead":[121],"categorise":[125],"them":[126,133,168],"unintended":[128],"ways,":[129],"such":[130],"as":[131,185,238],"labelling":[132],"\u2018poor":[135],"student\u2019.":[136],"paper":[138],"explores":[139],"GDPR":[140,190],"challenges":[141],"AI-empowered":[143],"focusing":[146],"on":[147,159,179,222],"consent,":[149],"AI-inferred":[150],"data,":[151],"compliance":[153,191,211],"gaps.":[154],"Intelligent":[155,172],"games":[157],"rely":[158],"adaptive":[160],"decision-making":[161],"algorithms":[162],"personalise":[164],"learning":[165],"experiences,":[166],"making":[167],"subset":[170],"of":[171,209],"Decision":[173],"Technologies.":[174],"Our":[175],"research":[176],"based":[178],"fuzzy-based":[181],"developed":[184],"testbed":[187],"studying":[189],"AI-driven":[193],"decision-making.":[194],"The":[195],"findings":[196],"insights":[198],"ethical":[200],"governance,":[202],"dynamic":[203],"management,":[205],"intersection":[208],"regulatory":[210],"adaptive,":[213],"data-driven":[214],"decision":[215],"systems":[216],"intelligent":[218],"technologies.":[220],"Based":[221],"our":[223],"research,":[224],"all":[226],"personal":[227,239],"exist":[229],"from":[230],"beginning":[232],"upon":[234],"original":[235],"granting,":[237],"also":[242],"generated":[243],"throughout":[244],"process.":[246]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
