{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3144408118","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15554120211005234","title":"Uncovering the Meaning: Exploring Semantic Differences in US Perceptions of \u201cGamer\u201d and Game Players","display_name":"Uncovering the Meaning: Exploring Semantic Differences in US Perceptions of \u201cGamer\u201d and Game Players","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-03-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3144408118","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15554120211005234","mag":"3144408118"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/15554120211005234","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15554120211005234","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S186921036","display_name":"Games and Culture","issn_l":"1555-4120","issn":["1555-4120","1555-4139"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Games and Culture","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036276429","display_name":"Jeffrey A. Stone","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8417-0431"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jeffrey A. Stone","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State University, Center Valley, PA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8417-0431","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State University, Center Valley, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5036276429"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.2863,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89962298,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"7","first_page":"907","last_page":"931"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11197","display_name":"Digital Games and Media","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11197","display_name":"Digital Games and Media","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10355","display_name":"Impact of Technology on Adolescents","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12908","display_name":"Media, Gender, and Advertising","score":0.9919000267982483,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.7241755127906799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perception","display_name":"Perception","score":0.7027950286865234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-psychology","display_name":"Social psychology","score":0.6650919914245605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stereotype","display_name":"Stereotype (UML)","score":0.644935131072998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stereotype-threat","display_name":"Stereotype threat","score":0.6288522481918335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meaning","display_name":"Meaning (existential)","score":0.5929005146026611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/video-game","display_name":"Video game","score":0.4351482391357422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-psychology","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","score":0.33312052488327026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.16247111558914185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.09122341871261597}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.7241755127906799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.7027950286865234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.6650919914245605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168127410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1754331","display_name":"Stereotype (UML)","level":2,"score":0.644935131072998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776845425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q813952","display_name":"Stereotype threat","level":2,"score":0.6288522481918335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780876879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3054749","display_name":"Meaning (existential)","level":2,"score":0.5929005146026611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018412434","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7889","display_name":"Video game","level":2,"score":0.4351482391357422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.33312052488327026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.16247111558914185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.09122341871261597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/15554120211005234","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15554120211005234","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S186921036","display_name":"Games and Culture","issn_l":"1555-4120","issn":["1555-4120","1555-4139"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Games and Culture","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.7400000095367432,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":62,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W584898764","https://openalex.org/W624205784","https://openalex.org/W657146147","https://openalex.org/W762180183","https://openalex.org/W1530315115","https://openalex.org/W1559459947","https://openalex.org/W1593859389","https://openalex.org/W1841397121","https://openalex.org/W1958880414","https://openalex.org/W1977058968","https://openalex.org/W1977232555","https://openalex.org/W2017663488","https://openalex.org/W2020438140","https://openalex.org/W2024710858","https://openalex.org/W2026380966","https://openalex.org/W2034144472","https://openalex.org/W2038425789","https://openalex.org/W2068675359","https://openalex.org/W2089226523","https://openalex.org/W2089783408","https://openalex.org/W2091039007","https://openalex.org/W2098212537","https://openalex.org/W2127744907","https://openalex.org/W2130529515","https://openalex.org/W2131182491","https://openalex.org/W2138024343","https://openalex.org/W2160279118","https://openalex.org/W2164131660","https://openalex.org/W2171710677","https://openalex.org/W2301953046","https://openalex.org/W2302213777","https://openalex.org/W2340258158","https://openalex.org/W2393368838","https://openalex.org/W2399544998","https://openalex.org/W2508156985","https://openalex.org/W2517049233","https://openalex.org/W2580419624","https://openalex.org/W2594478681","https://openalex.org/W2617391122","https://openalex.org/W2714904453","https://openalex.org/W2763103729","https://openalex.org/W2763459264","https://openalex.org/W2767594351","https://openalex.org/W2796166821","https://openalex.org/W2854040235","https://openalex.org/W2902283235","https://openalex.org/W2924692560","https://openalex.org/W2949682295","https://openalex.org/W2962197287","https://openalex.org/W2963233712","https://openalex.org/W2966138949","https://openalex.org/W3047170540","https://openalex.org/W3149320892","https://openalex.org/W4213450283","https://openalex.org/W4235973351","https://openalex.org/W4236781735","https://openalex.org/W4240896783","https://openalex.org/W4242816731","https://openalex.org/W4247590936","https://openalex.org/W4249424894","https://openalex.org/W4250921324","https://openalex.org/W4322703244"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W124038740","https://openalex.org/W1857117291","https://openalex.org/W2801079994","https://openalex.org/W222988936","https://openalex.org/W2981115494","https://openalex.org/W3007212359","https://openalex.org/W4253531440","https://openalex.org/W2729038224","https://openalex.org/W3036748153","https://openalex.org/W2133117316"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Gaming":[0],"is":[1,127],"an":[2,78],"increasingly":[3],"acceptable":[4],"outlet":[5],"for":[6],"recreation,":[7],"social":[8,82],"engagement,":[9],"and":[10,37,41,65,93,100,115,123,143],"professional":[11],"practice.":[12],"Despite":[13],"this":[14],"acceptance,":[15],"perceptions":[16,88,111],"of":[17,55,81,89,120],"\u201cgamers\u201d":[18],"have":[19],"been":[20],"slower":[21],"to":[22,39,72,84,131],"evolve.":[23],"The":[24,49,106],"traditional":[25],"stereotype":[26,92,114,122],"associated":[27,46],"with":[28,47],"the":[29,43,53,90,103,113,121],"\u201cgamer\u201d":[30,148],"label":[31],"has":[32],"persisted":[33],"in":[34,87,102,110],"popular":[35],"culture":[36],"acts":[38],"perpetuate":[40],"reinforce":[42],"negative":[44],"elements":[45],"gaming.":[48],"stereotype\u2019s":[50],"persistence":[51,119],"begs":[52],"question":[54],"whether":[56,66],"current":[57],"gamers":[58,99,135],"see":[59],"themselves":[60,138],"as":[61,139],"having":[62],"stereotypical":[63,145],"traits":[64,71,146],"non-gamers":[67,101],"would":[68],"attribute":[69],"these":[70],"game":[73,94,116],"players.":[74],"This":[75],"study":[76],"uses":[77],"established":[79],"model":[80],"perception":[83],"explore":[85],"differences":[86,109],"gamer":[91],"players":[95,132],"among":[96],"both":[97],"self-identified":[98],"United":[104],"States.":[105],"results":[107],"show":[108],"between":[112],"players,":[117],"reflecting":[118],"recognition":[124],"that":[125],"it":[126],"not":[128],"universally":[129],"applicable":[130],"themselves.":[133],"Self-identified":[134],"also":[136],"perceived":[137],"exhibiting":[140],"more":[141],"positive":[142],"less":[144],"than":[147],"implies.":[149]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}