{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2790062829","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1555412017748108","title":"Double Duty: Crowdfunding and the Evolving Game Production Network","display_name":"Double Duty: Crowdfunding and the Evolving Game Production Network","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-12-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2790062829","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1555412017748108","mag":"2790062829"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/1555412017748108","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1555412017748108","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S186921036","display_name":"Games and Culture","issn_l":"1555-4120","issn":["1555-4120","1555-4139"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Games and Culture","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024025867","display_name":"Heikki Tyni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0140-4755"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166825849","display_name":"Tampere University","ror":"https://ror.org/033003e23","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133110","display_name":"Tampere University","ror":null,"country_code":"FI","type":null,"lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133110"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Heikki Tyni","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166825849","https://openalex.org/I4210133110"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5024025867"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166825849","https://openalex.org/I4210133110"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.9489,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":36,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88593761,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"2","first_page":"114","last_page":"137"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11995","display_name":"FinTech, Crowdfunding, Digital Finance","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11995","display_name":"FinTech, Crowdfunding, Digital Finance","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10987","display_name":"Microfinance and Financial Inclusion","score":0.9818999767303467,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11903","display_name":"Private Equity and Venture Capital","score":0.9753999710083008,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/production","display_name":"Production (economics)","score":0.6864318251609802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/game-developer","display_name":"Game Developer","score":0.6416997909545898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intermediary","display_name":"Intermediary","score":0.5319096446037292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/game-design","display_name":"Game design","score":0.5192185044288635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/video-game-development","display_name":"Video game development","score":0.5002436637878418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.47902196645736694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-cooperative-game","display_name":"Non-cooperative game","score":0.4743267893791199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/video-game-design","display_name":"Video game design","score":0.45068684220314026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","score":0.43807703256607056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/game-mechanics","display_name":"Game mechanics","score":0.43513721227645874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/screening-game","display_name":"Screening game","score":0.43143588304519653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/video-game","display_name":"Video game","score":0.41631293296813965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marketing","display_name":"Marketing","score":0.39832669496536255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/game-theory","display_name":"Game theory","score":0.3690851926803589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3454720079898834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.2306942641735077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microeconomics","display_name":"Microeconomics","score":0.20844316482543945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.16305255889892578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.07981500029563904}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778348673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739302","display_name":"Production (economics)","level":2,"score":0.6864318251609802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41826821","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844005","display_name":"Game Developer","level":3,"score":0.6416997909545898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139569457","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1666223","display_name":"Intermediary","level":2,"score":0.5319096446037292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C503285160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q858057","display_name":"Game design","level":2,"score":0.5192185044288635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54276265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1061635","display_name":"Video game development","level":3,"score":0.5002436637878418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.47902196645736694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47175762","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13422573","display_name":"Non-cooperative game","level":3,"score":0.4743267893791199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47187476","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12336660","display_name":"Video game design","level":3,"score":0.45068684220314026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.43807703256607056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170828538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1751513","display_name":"Game mechanics","level":2,"score":0.43513721227645874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167573328","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7439054","display_name":"Screening game","level":4,"score":0.43143588304519653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018412434","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7889","display_name":"Video game","level":2,"score":0.41631293296813965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.39832669496536255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177142836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44455","display_name":"Game theory","level":2,"score":0.3690851926803589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3454720079898834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.2306942641735077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.20844316482543945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.16305255889892578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.07981500029563904}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/1555412017748108","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1555412017748108","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S186921036","display_name":"Games and Culture","issn_l":"1555-4120","issn":["1555-4120","1555-4139"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Games and Culture","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:trepo.tuni.fi:10024/118476","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://trepo.tuni.fi/handle/10024/118476","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401860","display_name":"Tampere University Institutional Repository (Tampere University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I150589677","host_organization_name":"Tampere University of Applied Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150589677"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"acceptedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W191715688","https://openalex.org/W873688499","https://openalex.org/W1573200530","https://openalex.org/W1638701820","https://openalex.org/W1850538695","https://openalex.org/W1919670333","https://openalex.org/W2013179947","https://openalex.org/W2036412619","https://openalex.org/W2050362133","https://openalex.org/W2079484589","https://openalex.org/W2099257946","https://openalex.org/W2101743006","https://openalex.org/W2121354846","https://openalex.org/W2125588186","https://openalex.org/W2133263811","https://openalex.org/W2133766618","https://openalex.org/W2189437686","https://openalex.org/W2714904453","https://openalex.org/W2735026474","https://openalex.org/W2781449629","https://openalex.org/W2789950968","https://openalex.org/W3121545263","https://openalex.org/W3121716941","https://openalex.org/W3152082180","https://openalex.org/W4234993303","https://openalex.org/W4237316963","https://openalex.org/W4240647956","https://openalex.org/W4240896783","https://openalex.org/W4243916257","https://openalex.org/W4248899900","https://openalex.org/W4252961560","https://openalex.org/W4377263246","https://openalex.org/W6713471673"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4311459595","https://openalex.org/W2523494041","https://openalex.org/W831646908","https://openalex.org/W4207081595","https://openalex.org/W1532611657","https://openalex.org/W2586889428","https://openalex.org/W2257849010","https://openalex.org/W2298866655","https://openalex.org/W1583302349","https://openalex.org/W2375100596"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0,119],"independent":[1,44],"game":[2,10,21,30,45,54,82,145],"makers":[3],"strive":[4],"to":[5,26,74,96,105,107,122,137],"tackle":[6],"the":[7,13,48,53,80,87,100,133,139],"demands":[8],"of":[9,15,99,132],"production":[11,22,31,55,83,124,146],"without":[12],"help":[14],"a":[16,19,29,40,64,70,143],"traditional":[17,81],"publisher,":[18],"familiar":[20],"environment":[23],"has":[24],"started":[25],"evolve.":[27],"Adopting":[28],"studies":[32],"perspective,":[33],"this":[34],"article":[35],"focuses":[36],"on":[37],"crowdfunding":[38,50,77,134,140],"as":[39,89,110,130,142],"new":[41,144],"channel":[42],"for":[43],"development":[46],"and":[47,67,116],"shifts":[49],"causes":[51,78],"in":[52,79],"network.":[56],"Two":[57],"successfully":[58],"crowdfunded":[59,93],"case":[60],"examples\u2014":[61],"Bloodstained":[62],"(2018),":[63],"digital":[65],"game,":[66],"Conan":[68],"(2016),":[69],"board":[71],"game\u2014are":[72],"used":[73,104],"illustrate":[75],"changes":[76],"environment.":[84],"In":[85],"removing":[86],"publisher":[88],"an":[90],"\u201cunnecessary\u201d":[91],"middleman,":[92],"productions":[94],"need":[95],"take":[97],"care":[98],"many":[101],"tasks":[102],"that":[103,131],"belong":[106],"publishers,":[108],"such":[109],"marketing,":[111],"partner":[112],"sourcing,":[113],"distribution":[114],"networks,":[115],"customer":[117],"relationships.":[118],"projects":[120],"turn":[121],"emerging":[123],"network":[125],"intermediaries,":[126],"their":[127],"significance\u2014as":[128],"well":[129],"backers\u2014provides":[135],"evidence":[136],"classify":[138],"model":[141],"logic.":[147]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}